Marijuana Flashcards
what 3 things did ancient Egyptians use cannabis for?
- glaucoma
- inflammation
- enemas
THC can be administered to what 4 places
lung, intestine, colon, skin
once absorbed, where does the THC concentration go?
extracellular water
once in extracellular water, what 7 routes can THC take?
- metabolism via liver
- biliary excretion
- renal excretion
- cannabinoid receptors at site of action
- hair, saliva, sweat
- tissue storage (fat, protein)
- serum protein binding lipoproteins (albumin)
what was the first state to outlaw cannabis?
Massachusetts
how many states have legal recreational cannabis use?
19
how many states have legal medical cannabis use?
15
what are the two receptors we have for endocannabinoids?
CB1 and CB2
what G protein are CB1 and CB2 linked with?
Gi (inhibitory)
where are CB1 receptors in high concentration? where are they low?
high: hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum, basal ganglia
low: brainstem and thalamus
CB1 receptors in the brain are in high or low levels compared to many other brain receptors?
high
where are CB2 receptors primarily located?
in the periphery on immune cells (has immune system functions)
where does CB1 inhibit memory?
hippocampus
what are two endogenous cannabinoids we produce in the body?
arachidonoulethanolamide (anandamide, AEA)
2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)
CB1 receptors are prevalent at nerve terminals in both the CNS and PNS, where they function to attenuate the release of several neurotransmitters including…
Hint: there’s 7
- acetylcholine
- dopamine
- aminobutyric acid
- glutamate
- histamine
- norepinephrine
- serotonin
delta 9 THC is a partial ______ for CB_ receptor in the brain and is the receptor that mediates the psychotropic effects of marijuana
partial agonist
CB1
what are CB1 and CB2 receptors phosphorylated by?
GPCR kinases
what are the two pathways used for cannabinoids
internalization and the beta-arresting pathway signaling
CB1 receptors are expressed in the ________ ____ matter of the midbrain
periaqueductal gray (PAG)
CB2 receptors are expressed primarily by ______ cells
immune
includes lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages
CB2 receptors inhibit what neuron?
TRPV1 in dorsal root ganglia
what are 3 therapeutic effects of cannabis (that has substantial evidence)
- treatment for chronic pain
- N/V from chemotherapy
- Improving multiple sclerosis spasticity symptoms
there is limited evidence that cannabis is effective for….
increasing appetite and decreasing weight loss associated with HIV/AIDS
the first strain approved in Florida was…
charlottes web
CBD:THC strain of cannabis, charlottes web, reduced charlotte’s seizure frequency from 50 per day to _____ per week
2-3
______ is the first and only FDA-approved prescription cannabidiol (CBD). it is used for _________
epidiolex - for epilepsy
Rimonabant is an ______ agonist for the CB_ receptor
inverse agonist
CB1
K2 or “spice” is a synthetic cannabinoid which is schedule __
schedule 1
what is the feel good gene?
FAAH
FAAH gene produces _________, our own natural marijuana in our brain
anandamide
T or F: those with the FAAH gene mutation are less likely to become addicted to marijuana and possibly other drugs
true!
those with the FAAH gene mutation have less of the enzyme ____ ______ _____ _____, which deactivates anandamide
fatty acid amide hydrolase
T or F: those with the FAAH gene variant are less anxious and less inclined to like marijuana. They also have less pain
TRUE
