Marcus Garvey Flashcards
Marcus Garvey and UNIA
-Born in St. Ann’s Bay, Jamaica, on 17th August 1887.
-Arrived in the US on 23rd March 1916 and immediately launched 4 year long tour of country.
-Organised first branch of Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), June 1917.
-Began Negro World, a journal promoting African American ideas.
-Organisation extremely popular, by 1919 had 30 branches and over 2 million members.
-Garvey was a poor businessman.
-At a UNIA conference in August 1920, Garvey was elected provisional president of Africa.
-Had talks with the KKK about his plans to repatriate African Americans and published the first volume of Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey.
What Did He Campaign Against?
-Lynching
-Jim Crow laws
-denial of black voting rights
-racial discrimination
What Did He Argue?
-Argued for segregation rather than integration.
-Believed white Americans would never agree to African Americans being treated as equals.
-Began to sign up recruits to travel to Africa to “clear out the white invaders.”
-Formed and army equipped with uniforms and weapons.
What was the Black Cross Navigation and Trading Company
-Formed by Marcus Garvey in 1919.
-$10,000,000 invested by supporters, Garvey purchased 2 steamships, Shadyside and Kanawha, to take African Americans to Africa.
-Ran out of money after a couple of journeys.
-Several people in company were involved in corruption.
What Happened to Marcus Garvey?
-Garvey was arrested and charged with fraud in 1925.
-Sentenced to 5 years in prison.
-Served half of his sentence when Calvin Coolidge commuted the rest of his imprisonment and had him deported to Jamaica in 1927.
What Was The Great Migration?
-The move of 6 million African Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Mid-west and West between 1910 and 1970.
What Was The Harlem Renaissance?
-An intellectual and cultural revival of African American music, dance, art, fashion, literature, theatre, politics and scholarship centred in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City, spanning the 1920s and 1930s.
