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March Madness Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

when the speaker addresses an inanimate object
ex: Oh Solitude! “Death Be Not Proud” by J. Donne

A

apostrophe

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2
Q

when a statement, a pair of words, or an idea are contrasting to each other (meant to bring emphasis to their differences or to show greater contrast)
ex: Love (thesis) and hate (antithesis)

A

antithesis

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3
Q

deliberate repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of several verses, clauses, or paragraphs
ex: We shall fight on the beaches
We shall fight on the landing ground
We shall fight in the fields - W Churchill

A

anaphora

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4
Q

brief reference to a person, place, things, or idea of historical, cultural, literary, or political significance

A

allusion

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5
Q

rhythmically significant stress on a syllable within poetry; where the stressed syllables are in words and within longer lines of poetry
ex: shall I [ com pare [ thee to [ a sum [ mers day

A

accent

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6
Q

line of poetry containing 12 syllables; usually written in iambic hexameter

A

alexandrine

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7
Q

the repetition of the same sound (not letters) at the beginning of a sequence of words
ex: Peter Piper picked a pack of pickled peppers

A

alliteration

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8
Q

a metrical foot consisting of a stressed syllable between two unstressed syllables U/U

A

amphibrach

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9
Q

a metrical foot in poetry consisting of a short syllable enclosed by two long syllables
ex: full of joy /U/

A

amphimacer

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10
Q

a metrical foot in poetry consisting of two unstressed syllables followed by one stressed syllable
ex: twas the night UU/

A

anapest

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11
Q

a short speech or remark by which an actor directly addresses the audience but is not supposed to be heard by the other actors on stage
ex: Macbeth addressing the audience when Banquo is on stage

A

aside

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12
Q

the repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds
ex: Lake and Fate

A

assonance

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13
Q

the use of descriptive language to create imagery that appeals to the sense of hearing
ex: lambs loud bleat, ledge crickets sing, swallows twitter - John Koats “To Autumn”

A

auditory images

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14
Q

a narrative written in rhymed quatrains, repeated refrains, often sung
ex: “The Rime of an Ancient Mariner” by Samuel Coleridge

A

ballad

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15
Q

unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter
ex: “one equal temper of heroic hearts/ Made weak by time and fate, but strong in will/ To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield” -Ulysses

A

blank verse

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16
Q

a word or phrase that is not formal or literary, every day speaking that is used in a poem
ex: yall, gonna, wanna, don’t chicken out, go bananas

A

colloquialism

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17
Q

highly intellectual metaphor- takes pause and thought to make/understand comparison
ex: His tears were newly minted coins
John Donne and metaphysic poetry love conceits

A

conceit

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18
Q

poetry where the poet’s intent is conveyed by the graphic patterns of letter, words, or symbols

A

concrete poetry

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19
Q

a figure of speech in which the same consonant repeats within a group of words
ex: strong and swing; peter piper picked a peck of pickled peppers

A

consonance

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20
Q

a pair of successive rhyming lines, usually of same length
ex: Good night! Good night! Parting is suck a sweet sorrow / That I shall say good night till it be morrow

A

couplet

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21
Q

Greek and Latin metrical foot consisting of a short syllable enclosed by two long syllables (aka amphimacer) /U/

A

cretic

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22
Q

a metrical foot consisting of an accented syllable followed by two unaccented syllables
ex: The words poetry, basketball, strawberry, carefully, mannequin /UU

A

dactyl

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23
Q

a line of verse composed of two feet

A

dimeter

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24
Q

a harsh unpleasant combination of sounds, also used in the criticism of poetry (Greek for “bad sound”)
ex: brillig borogroves” and jugjub from Lewis Carroll’s “Jabberwocky”

A

cacaphony

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25
Q

a pause or break in a line of a verse, marked with a double pipe symbol ||
ex: “To be, || or not to be” Hamlet by Shakespeare

A

caesura

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26
Q

Carpe Diem is Latin for “Seize the day” Poetry that exemplifies the fleeting nature of life and the need to embrace its pleasures
ex: “To His Coy Mistress” by Andrew Marvell (Cavaller poetry embodies carpe diem theme)

A

carpe diem poetry

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27
Q

the effect of ‘purification’ of emotions achieved through tragic drama; coined by Aristotle
ex: Romeo and Juliet when they kill themselves

A

catharsis

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28
Q

part of a poem that is repeated following each verse, can also be a phrase or series of lines repeated in a poem (or can be in Greek drama
ex: Do not go gentle into that good night throughout the poem “Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night” by Dylan Thomas

A

chorus

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29
Q

a short story, comic, or verse typically in two rhyming couplets with lines of unequal lengths, normally referring to a famous historical person

A

clerihew

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30
Q

poems written in specific patterns, using meter, line length, and stanzas, often referred to as a free verse poem
ex: haiku, limerick, ballad, sestina, sonnets, villanelles

A

closed form poetry

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31
Q

funeral song; a somber poem made after a death, usually shorter and more concise than elegies

A

Dirge/Monody

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32
Q

rhymes that occur at the very end of a poem; feminine rhyme (falling rhyme); rhyme ends on unaccented syllable

A

dying rhyme

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33
Q

aka onomatopoeia
ex: snap crackle pop

A

echoic words

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34
Q

a poem of serious reflection, usually concerning death; mournful, speaker moves through stages of death (1. lament 2. praise/admiration 3. consolation/solace)
ex: Walt Whitman’s “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d”

A

elegy

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35
Q

a line of poetry in which a sentence or phrase comes to a conclusion at the end of a line, expressed with strong punctuation (period, semicolon, ?, !, :) opposite of enjambment
ex: Defining words is madness!
March will bring me such sadness!

A

end stopped line

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36
Q

a continuation of a sentence or phrase from one poetic line to the next (opposite of end stopped line)
ex: Defining words
Is madness.
March will bring me
Much sadness.

A

enjambment

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37
Q

a long, narrative poem that accounts heroic tales and deeds of a legendary person, or group, often written in elevated language, style, and tone
ex: The Odyssey by Homer

A

epic

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38
Q

a descriptive devise (adjective) that describes a person, place, or thing with characteristics that are more prominent and interesting than they are in reality (short poetic nickname)
ex: Ivan the Terrible

A

epithet

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39
Q

a phrase written in memory of a person who has dies, especially on a tomb
ex: “In loving memory” “rest in peace” “a life measured in memories”

A

epitaph

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40
Q

substitution of an inoffensive term for one considered to be too harsh
ex: saying “passed away” instead of died

A

euphemism

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41
Q

pleasing and harmonious to the ear, achieved through use of vowel sounds in words of generally serene imagery, create a melody when read aloud (long vowel sounds, liquid consonants l and r, semi vowels w and y)
ex: leisure, eerie, ethereal

A

euphony

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42
Q

aka slant rhyme, half rhyme, off rhyme, imperfect rhyme, near rhyme; words that are spelled very similarly but pronounced differently
ex: love and move

A

eye rhyme

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43
Q

rhyming pattern in which an unstressed syllable always follows a stressed syllable
ex: Jack and Jill went up the hill
/U

A

falling rhyme

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44
Q

also called a double rhyme, a rhyme involving two syllables; the term can also be applied to triple rhymes, or rhymes involving three syllables
ex: Motion and ocean or willow and billow

A

feminine rhyme

45
Q

a figure of speech comparing two things using like or as
ex: he is as fast as a cheetah

A

similie

46
Q

the attribution of a personal nature of human characteristics to something nonhuman
ex: the sun smiled down at us

A

personification

47
Q

a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable
ex: I’m on fire right now

A

metaphor

48
Q

a metaphor that extends beyond one line
ex: You’re a snake! Everything you hiss out of your mouth is a lie. You frighten children, and you have no spine.

A

extended metaphor

49
Q

a metaphor that is sustained throughout an entire work
ex: “Life is a Highway” by Rascal Flatts

A

sustained metaphor

50
Q

basic unit of measurement in verse/poetry

A

foot

51
Q

nonmetrical nonrhyming lines that closely follow the natural rhythms of speech
ex: “The Red Wheelbarrow” by William Carlos Williams
“so much depends / upon / a red wheel / barrow / glazed with rain / water / beside the white / chicken

A

free verse

52
Q

when the final consonant sounds of stressed syllables rhyme, but the final vowel sounds do not (aka slant rhyme, near rhyme, imperfect rhyme, eye rhyme, off rhyme)
ex: love and move

A

half rhyme

53
Q

when the two words which rhyme end in an accent syllable (masculine ending rhyme)
ex: Jill and hill from the rhyme “Jack and Jill Went Up the Hill”

A

heavy stress rhyme

54
Q

a metrical line of verses consisting of six feet (more common in Greek/Latin lit)

A

hexameter

55
Q

a figure of speech composed of striking exaggeration
ex: I’m so hungry I could eat a horse

A

hyperbole

56
Q

a metrical foot consisting of an unaccented syllable followed by an accented syllable
ex: amuse (a=unaccented syllable) (muse=accented syllable) U/

A

iamb

57
Q

a poem that describes an ideal life of rural living compared to the complexity of city life (pastoral)
ex: “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love”

A

idyll/eclogue

58
Q

a single syllable that does not fit into the order of a stressed line of poetry

A

imperfect foot

59
Q

an internal rhyme included two words in the same line that rhyme
ex: there is fun to be done

A

internal rhyme

60
Q

when poets mix up the words in their sentence to satisfy rhyme or rhythm
ex: Never again will you do that

A

inversion

61
Q

a poem that uses the rhyme scheme of AABBA
ex: “Hickory dickory dock/The mouse ran up the clock/The clock struck one/The mouse did run/hickory dickory dock”

A

limerick

62
Q

verse or poem that can be sung to an accompaniment, with expressing intense personal emotion in a manner suggestive of a song (elegies, odes, and sonnets)

A

lyric

63
Q

in verse, a rhyme that occurs only in stressed final syllables
ex: claims, flames, or rare, despair

A

masculine rhyme

64
Q

hidden complex ideas and paradoxes that blend emotion and intellectual ingenuity, and forced juxtaposition of apparently unconnected ideas that tend to startle the reader when realized

A

metaphysical conceit

65
Q

systematically arranged and measure rhythm in verse or a fixed metrical pattern, or verse form

A

meter

66
Q

a line of verse consisting of eight metrical feet, or 16 syllables
ex: “Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary” - “The Raven” by Edgar Allen Poe

A

octameter

67
Q

an eight line stanza or poem
ex: first eight lines of Petrarchan sonnet is an octave “How Do I Love Thee”

A

octave

68
Q

poem that celebrates a person, place, thing or idea (pays tribute to a subject)

A

ode

69
Q

rhyming of ending consonant sounds; also known as slant or half rhyme
ex: move and love

A

off rhyme

70
Q

author’s appeal to smell

A

olfactory imagery

71
Q

sound words
ex: “whoooooshhh” “hisssss”

A

onomatopoeia

72
Q

the exaggeration or strong expression of something in order to emphasize importance or effect (hyperbole)

A

overstatement

73
Q

a figure of speech which brings together contradictory terms in order to create effect
ex: deafening silence

A

oxymoron

74
Q

two seemingly contradictory statements or words which, upon further examination, present some truth
ex: I can resist anything but temptation- Oscar Wilde

A

paradox

75
Q

the use of similar words, clauses, phrases, or other grammatical forms in repetition
ex: “I love thee freely, as men strive for right. / I love thee purely, as they turn from praise.” (“How Do I Love Thee” Elizabeth Barrett Browning)

A

parallelism

76
Q

a line made up of five groups of stressed and unstressed syllables (mostly known in Shakespearean works)
ex: “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day.” (Romeo and Juliet)

A

pentameter

77
Q

the person who is understood to be speaking, the persona is distinct from the author and is chosen by the author for a specific purpose
ex: In My Last Duchess, Robert Browning uses persona to create the speaker, the duke

A

persona/speaker

78
Q

a work in prose that has some technical or literary elements of a poem set on a page as a prose (ordinary language)
ex: After the War by Heidi Howell

A

prose poem

79
Q

a play on words, a figure of speech that rely on word play
ex: Denial is a river in Egypt

A

pun

80
Q

a metrical foot used in formal poetry, it consists of two unaccented, short syllables
UU

A

pyrrhic

81
Q

four line stanza

A

quatrain

82
Q

a question asked for the sake of persuasive effect rather than as a request for information
ex: “If you prick us, do we not bleed? If you tickle us, do we not laugh? If you poison us, do we not die?” -Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare

A

rhetorical question

83
Q

the repetition of a similar sound between words or the ending of words, often at the end of verse lines of strains

A

rhyme

84
Q

the pattern that the rhyme endings are arranged in a poem
ex: aabba, abab, aabbcc, abab cdcd efef gg

A

rhyme scheme

85
Q

Greek “rhythmos” = measured motion; the arrangement of sounds to create stressed and unstressed intervals
ex: iambic rhythm has alternating unstressed then stressed syllables

A

rhythm

86
Q

a rhythmic effect where the unstressed syllables are perceived as linked to the stressed syllables or when the stressed syllables fall on the last syllable
U/

A

rising rhythm

87
Q

french for “little circle”; an octosyllabic between 10-15 lines and three stanzas
ex: “In Flanders Fields” by John McCrae

A

rondeau

88
Q

analysis of metrical patterns in a poem by grouping lines, metrical feet, and individual syllables
ex: “Annabel Lee” by Edgar Allen Poe

A

scansion

89
Q

a poem with six stanzas of six lines with a final triplet, each stanzas has the same six words at line ends in six different sequences

A

sestina

90
Q

a rhyme where two words are spelled similarly but pronounced differently (eye rhyme)
ex: love and move

A

slight rhyme

91
Q

two words that have only their final consonant sounds and no preceding vowel or consonant sounds
ex: love and move

A

slant rhyme

92
Q

metrical foot consisting of two long or stressed syllables occurring together
ex: green grow | the rush (Robert Burns)
//

A

spondee

93
Q

a poem form consisting of 14 lines written in iambic pentameter

A

sonnet

94
Q

sonnet of 14 lines group into three stanzas of four lines each and two lines of verse with rhyme scheme abab cdcd efef gg

A

shakespearean sonnet

95
Q

sonnet of 14 lines divided into eight line stanza (octave) rhyming abbaabba and the last six lines (sestet) end in a variable rhyme scheme

A

petrarchan sonnet

96
Q

three quatrains and a couplet, rhyme scheme should be abab bcbc cdcd ee (looks same as Shakespearean but sounds differently)

A

spenserian sonnet

97
Q

a division of a poem consisting of two or more lines arranged together as a unit; two-line stanzas are couplets, three-lines are tercets, four-lines are quatrains

A

stanza

98
Q

an object, person, situation, or action that has a literal meaning in a story but suggests or represents other meanings
ex: a heart symbolizes love

A

symbol

99
Q

a common figure of speech or trope by which something is referred to indirectly by naming only some part or some constituent of it (something stands for whole)
ex: many hands make light work

A

synecdoche

100
Q

a rhetorical device that describes or associates one sense in terms of another, most often in the form of a simile; sensations of touch, taste, see, hear, and smell are expressed as being intertwined or having a connection between them
ex: a cold gaze, not literally being a low temperature but rather a sinister glare

A

synesthesia

101
Q

used to describe something by focusing on aspects that can be felt or touched; describes what you can physically feel, such as temp, movement, texture, etc
ex: a gust of cold air blew over her, causing her body to shiver

A

tactile image

102
Q

a stanza of three lines, a triplet, in which each ends in the same rhyme

A

tercet

103
Q

a poem with three line stanzas with rhyme scheme aba bcb cdc ded and son on
ex: Shelley’s Ode to the West Wind

A

terza rima

104
Q

one line consisting of four feet
ex: A tree that may in summers wear

A

tetrameter

105
Q

a literary device with a figurative meaning, that the purpose of is easily recognized and understood (irony, metaphors, synecdoche, metonymy)
ex: “stop and smell the roses”

A

trope

106
Q

french for “free verse” basic metrical unit in the poem is the phrase rather than a line of a fixed number of syllables, length of lines vary and rhyme is optional
ex: “The Red Wheelbarrow” by William Carlos Williams

A

vers libre

107
Q

five three-line stanzas and a final quatrain
ex: “Do Not Go Gentle into that Goodnight” by Dylan Thomas

A

villanelle

108
Q

a written poem that creates a visual image that relates to its meaning

A

visual poetry

109
Q

a figure of speech when a speaker makes the situation seem less important or severe than what it is
ex: In the tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, Mercurio says when he is stabbed, “Ay, ay, a scratch, a scratch”

A

understatement

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