Marbury v. Dallas Cowboys Flashcards by Chris King

1793

Ruled the federal government had jurisdiction in the case of an individual (*___* of SC) against another state (*_*); led to Eleventh Amendment

Chisholm v. Georgia

John Marshall

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1803

Ruled Congress exceeded its power in Judiciary Act of 1789, establishing Supreme Court’s power to invalidate laws

Marbury v. Madison

CJ: John Marshall

Dealt with giving Writ of Mandamus to a “midnight judge”
Part of Judiciary Act of 1789 overturned
Established Judicial Review

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1810

First state law ruled unconstitutional; case based on Yazoo land fraud

Fletcher v. Peck

John Marshall

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1819

Ruled Congress had authority to charter a national bank under “necessary and proper” clause, and that the Second National Bank was immune to
taxation from Baltimore County

McCulloch v. Maryland

John Marshall

“the power to tax involves the power to destroy”
said it was unconstitutional for Maryland to tax a state branch of the Second Bank of the US
established Congress’s implied powers

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1819

Ruled state could not arbitrarily alter terms of a college’s contract

Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward

John Marshall

Daniel Webster argued for Dartmouth
His argument moved John Marshall to tears
Invalidated New Hampshire’s attempt to invalidate Darmouth’s charter
- Said it was a private contract

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1821

Again overruled state law; case based on two brothers illegally selling lottery tickets

Cohens v. Virginia

John Marshall

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1824

Ruled that Congress could regulate commerce and struck down monopoly on NY-NJ ferries given to Ogden, Fitch, Livingston, and Fulton

Gibbons v. Ogden

John Marshall

-Steamship case
-Involved Cornelius Vanderbilt and Robert Fulton
Fulton, of course, invented the steamboat, the Clermont
-Congress can regulate interstate commerce

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1832

Ruled state of __ could not remove Cherokees, but Jackson did not enforce the decision (“Let him enforce it”)

Worcester v. Georgia

John Marshall

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1833

Ruled Bill of Rights did not apply to state governments; case based on a claim for compensation from city of _____ for reducing wharf’s value

Barron v. Baltimore

John Marshall

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1857

Ruled Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional because it deprived a person of his property (slaves) without due process, and that slaves are not citizens

Dred Scott v. Sanford

Roger Taney

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1861

Ruled Lincoln could not suspend habeas corpus for secessionist at Fort McHenry

Ex parte Merryman

Roger Taney

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1866

Ruled an Indiana civilian could not be tried in military courts when civil courts existed

Ex parte Milligan

Salmon P. Chase

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1867

Ruled unconstitutional a law requiring attorneys to have always been loyal to US

Ex parte Garland

Salmon P. Chase

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1877

Upheld laws supported by Grangers regulating railroad rates

Munn v. Illinois

Morrison Waite

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1884

Upheld conviction of Klansmen who prevented a black man from voting in GA

Ex parte Yarbrough

Morrison Waite

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1895

Ruled manufacturing was not commerce and so not
covered by Sherman Antitrust Act; let stand a sugar monopoly

United States v. E.C. Knight Co.

Melville Fuller

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1895

Ruled part of Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act that established an income tax was unconstitutional; led to Sixteenth Amendment

Pollock v. Farmers’ Loan and Trust Co.

Melville Fuller

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1896

Ruled constitutional a state law requiring separate but equal facilities for black and white passengers

Plessy v. Ferguson

Melville Fuller

Separate but equal
Dealt with man of mixed race trying to ride a train in Louisiana
Written by justice Fuller
Only dissenter was John Marshall Harlan

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1904

Ruled a holding company formed solely to eliminate
competition between two railroad lines violated antitrust act

Northern Securities Co. v. US

Melville Fuller

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1905

Limited power of states to regulate working conditions by finding in favor of Lochner, a NY bakery owner fined by the state

Lochner v. New York

Melville Fuller

Law limiting hours of bakers unconstitutional
- Breached freedom of contract

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1908

Ruled constitutional a state law limiting the working hours of women

Muller v. Oregon

Melville Fuller

Upheld limiting working hours for woman
Brandeis Brief supported the law

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1908

Ruled secondary boycotts illegal under Sherman Antitrust Act

Loewe v. Lawler (Danbury Hatters)

Melville Fuller

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1911

Ruled ____ must be dissolved because of its unreasonable restraint of trade, not because of its size

Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey et al. v. US

Edward White

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1918

Ruled unconstitutional a law prohibiting commerce of goods produced by child labor; case brought by NC man with two sons in a cotton mill

Study These Flashcards

Hammer v. Dagenhart

Edward White

1919 Sustained Espionage Act of 1917, saying freedom of speech could be constrained if it presents a "clear and present danger"; based on a case in which a man distributed anti-draft pamphlets

Schenck v. US Edward White - Socialist arrested for anti-draft pamphlets - Oliver Wendell Holmes decision - “Clear and present danger”

1925 Ruled freedom of speech in First Amendment applies to states also, but let stand a law preventing advocacy of violent overthrow of government

Gitlow v. New York William Howard Taft

1935 Ruled unconstitutional the National Industrial Recovery Act

Schechter Poultry v. US (Sick chicken case) Charles Evans Hughes

1937 Upheld Wagner Act

National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Charles Evans Hughes

1951 Upheld Smith Act of 1940 outlawing speaking about Communist theory of advocating the forcible overthrow of US government

Dennis et al. v. US Fred Vinson

1954 Ruled that separate schools for black and white students were inherently unequal, violating Fourteenth Amendment

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Earl Warren - Combination of cases, including - Segregation of Public Schools unconstitutional; violates 14th amendment - Enforced by case of Cooper v. Aaron - Cited Kenneth Clark’s studies

1957 Ruled that obscene material not protected by freedom of speech, defining obscene as "utterly without redeeming social value"

Roth v. US and Alberts v. California Earl Warren

1961 Ruled evidence obtained in violation of Fourth Amendment could not be used in court

Mapp v. Ohio Earl Warren - Exclusionary rule - Extended by the “fruit of the poisonous tree” doctrine - Said evidence obtained in violation of 4th amendment is inadmissible in STATE courts, not just federal courts

1962 Ruled public school officials could not require school prayer

Engel v. Vitale Earl Warren

1962 Ruled federal courts could redistrict legislative districts in TN

Baker v. Carr Earl Warren

1963 Ruled that due process in Fourteenth Amendment applies to states, so all persons charged with crimes must be provided an attorney

Gideon v. Wainwright Earl Warren - Poor criminal defendents must be provided with state legal counsel at trial - Stemmed from a guy who broke into a pool hall - 6th amendment

1964 Ruled freedom of press protected press from libel suits for reports on public officials unless it could be proven he reports were made from malice

New York Times v. Sullivan Earl Warren -NY Times published “Heed Their Rising Voices” from Alabama State University protestors complained that Montgomery police commissioner -Sullivan shot down dining hall -About Alabama police commissioner Sullivan Sullivan said it was libelous -Court basically said that you can write what you want about public figures

1965 Ruled state could not prohibit contraceptives

Griswold v. Connecticut Earl Warren - Overturned Connecticut law banning contraceptives - Justice Potter Stewart said law was “uncommonly silly” but constitutional - Justice Douglas wrote majority opinion - Said right to privacy was in the “penumbras” of the Constitution

1966 Ruled suspects must be informed of their right to remain silent and to obtain an attorney before questioning them

Miranda v. Arizona Earl Warren -Suspects must be informed of their right to remain silent, right to an attorney, etc. -Expanded Precedent by the Escebedo v. Illinois case “absolute right to remain silent” -Dickerson v. US upheld it -“it has entered our national culture” -centered on retarded man’s rape and murder of 18 year old

1967 Ruled unconstitutional a law banning interracial marriages, saying laws with racial classifications are "inherently suspect"

Loving v. Virginia Earl Warren - Laws banning interracial marriage are unconstitutional - Overturned Pace v. Alabama - Struck down the Racial Integrity Act

1971 Permitted busing to end school segregation

Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education Warren Burger

1972 Ruled death penalty, as instituted, unconstitutional

Furman v. Georgia Warren Burger

1972 Ruled Amish could be exempted from compulsory education law

Wisconsin v. Yoder Warren Burger

1973 Ruled fetus was not a person and that Fourteenth Amendment protected women's rights to abortion

Roe v. Wade Warren Burger - written by Justice Harry Blackmun - overturned abortion laws in Texas - companion case of Doe v. Bolton - upheld in Planned Parenthood v. Casey - said states could have some restrictions if they didn't -create an "undue burden" on woman's right to choose

1974 Ruled executive privilege of immunity from judicial demands for evidence to be used in a criminal trial were not applicable in this case

US v. Nixon Warren Burger

1976 Ruled campaign spending limits violate First Amendment

Buckley v. Valeo Warren Burger

1977 Ruled death penalty excessive for rape

Coker v. Georgia Warren Burger

1978 Ruled special affirmative action medical admissions program violated 1964 Civil Rights Act, but that race could be considered in admissions

Regents of University of California v. Bakke Warren Burger - White guy denied admission to UC Davis med school though less qualified minority applicants were - Race as factor in admissions upheld in general, but overturned in this case

1986 Upheld Georgia law against homosexuality

Bowers v. Hardwick Warren Burger

1990 Ruled person has right to refuse life-sustaining medical treatment, but there must be "clear and convincing evidence" of that desire

Cruzan v. Missouri William Rehnquist

1995 Ruled federal programs classifying people by race may deny right to equal protection and be unconstitutional, unless "narrowly tailored" to a "compelling governmental interest"

Adarand Constructors v. Pena William Rehnquist

1995 Ruled Congressional term limits unconstitutional

US Term Limits Inc. v. Thorton William Rehnquist

1950 - Court said separate law school of the University of Texas for a black man was unconstitutional - The school was basically a one room deal with Sweatt as the only student

Sweatt v. Painter Fred Vinson

1944 - Dealt with Executive Order 9066 - Said Japanese internment in WWII was constitutional

Korematsu v. US Harlan Stone

1964 Said Civil Rights Act of 1964 was constitutional under the Interstate Commerce Clause of the Constitution

Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States Earl Warren

1969 Students had right to wear black armbands protesting Vietnam War

Tinker v. Des Moines Earl Warren

1989 - Said burning an American flag was protected speech - Struck down 1989 flag protection act

Texas v. Johnson William Rehnquist

1987 \_\_\_\_ sued _____ for showing a fake Campari ad with ____ having sex with his mom in an outhouse Court said cartoon was fine; gave broad protection to parody

Hustler Magazine v. Fallwell William Rehnquist

2003 - Said anti-sodomy law was unconstitutional - Overturned Bowers v. Hardwick

Lawrence v. Texas William Rehnquist

2003 - Two cases against president of University of Michigan regarding Affirmative Action - Point based system shot down, affirmative action for law school upheld

Gratz and Grutter v. Bollinger William Rehnquist

Marbury v. Dallas Cowboys Flashcards

(59 cards)