Maori Terms

Question 1

Hawaiki

Answer 1

homeland of all the polynesian people & also spiritual homeland where maori return to die. Hawaiki is used to refer to the last homeland and not a specific island.

Question 2

Maori

Answer 2

• Modern term we chose to distinguish ourselves from eauropeans during the contact period
• Maori means normal, common, ordinary, everyday e.g. Freshwater is called wai maori
• Term is shared by other eastern polynesian people e.g. NZ = tangata maori, Hawai’i = kanaka maoli etc.
  It is a binary term or oppositional term, it is useful in distinguishing maori from non-maori (but in Maori world whanau, hapu, iwi and waka define your identity).

Question 3

Whanau

Answer 3

extended family

Question 4

Hapu

Answer 4

groups of whanau who claim descent from a common ancestor

- primary political, economic and social unit in maori society

Question 5

Iwi

Answer 5

groups of hapu who all claim descent from a founding ancestor

Question 6

Waka

Answer 6

maori canoe

Question 7

Rohe

Answer 7

• Rohe are the geographic regions and landscapes inhabited by whanau, hapu, iwi and waka

Question 8

Aotearoa, Te Ika a Maui

Answer 8

North Island

Question 9

Te Waipounamu, Te Waka a Maui, Te Waka a Aoraki

Answer 9

South Island

Question 10

Rekohu, Wharekauri

Answer 10

Chatham Islands

Question 11

Rakiura

Answer 11

Stewart Island

Question 12

Pepeha

Answer 12

• Formulaic exclamation of identity used to formally introduce yourself
• Way of expressing your identity by locating yourself within the physical landscape and within genealogy
  Locates you within whanau, hapu, waka, iwi and within a specific geographical region, known as a rohe

Question 13

Tikanga

Answer 13

• underlying values

Predetermined set of rules and regulations that can change depending on context and situation

Question 14

Mana

Answer 14

- power
Is a spiritual power that comes from the gods that is made up of authority and power
Mana Atua = gods
Mana Tupuna = ancestors
Mana Tangata = individual
Mana Whenua = land
Mana Moana = seas
Mana Maori Motuheke = all mana for Maori people

Question 15

Tapu

Answer 15

• a form of social control
  A from of social control to regulate Maori society to protect people, places and resources - done for spiritual and practical safety
  Wahi Tapu = places that are tapu
  Rahui = temporary restriction

Question 16

Whanaungatanga

Answer 16

(to make family)

The manner in which everyone in a community is related genealogically - used to build trust and respect

Question 17

Kaitiaki

Answer 17

(guardian angel/animals)

Spiritual assistants of the gods, and minders of the natural elements of the world (do not include humans)

Question 18

Kaitiakitanga

Answer 18

(guardian angel/human)

Is the role played by humans as kaitiaki and they must ensure that the natural elements (taonga) are healthy and strong

Question 19

Rangatira

Answer 19

(leader/chief)
A rangatira is a person of mana who can lead the people by holding them together
- Ranga: shoal (of fish)
- Raranga: plait, weave
- Tira: group of people

Question 20

Rangatiratanga

Answer 20

Exercise of power and authority derived from the gods; exercise of cheiftmansip including sovereignty, rights of self-determinatino, self-government, the authority and power of iwi and hapu to make decisions and to own and control resources
- Chieftainship/sovereignty

Question 21

Te Kore

Answer 21

(nothingness) - nothing there but potential for everything (not pregnant)
□ Shown at the entrance at the gate
□ Anyone has the potential to come into the marae

Question 22

Te Por

Answer 22

(darkness) represent death - die and go to the night (darkness within womb)
□ At the front of the house - courtyard area
□ Because it is a place of discussion and disagreement/debates
□ It echoes what happen when tane split up his parents

Question 23

Te Ao Marama

Answer 23

(world of light and understanding) (birth of the baby)
□ Located inside the marae
□ Go inside when you understand people

Question 24

Kapa Haka

Answer 24

contemporary and traditional Maori performing arts

Question 25

Te Matatini

Answer 25

the national kapahaka competition. Takes place every two years around NZ.

Question 26

Waiata Tira

Answer 26

choral, harmonic singing - optional in kapahaka

Question 27

Six components of kapahaka

Answer 27

whakaeke
moteatea
waiata-a-ringa
poi
haka
whakawaiata

Question 28

Whakaeke

Answer 28

the entry onto the stage, can include lots of components e.g. Maori weaponry, poi, haka, choreography
Similar symbolism to a pawhiri

Question 29

Moteatea

Answer 29

traditional chant, the oldest component of kapahaka
○ No choreography (against the rules) - the individual can have facial expressions/movements to convey the words of the song
○ No instruments
○ No harmonising

Question 30

Waiata-a-ringa

Answer 30

action song, doing actions with body and hands to the company of a song with words

Question 31

Poi

Answer 31

ball on end of string (any length) which is twirled to exhibit the meaning of the song being sung

Question 32

Haka

Answer 32

physical and most passionate dance
- Misunderstood to be intimidating and scary as they can be but is an expression of how you feel towrads something in particular e.g. challenging opponents like with the All Blacks, funeral, fairwell - anywhere, any event

Question 33

Whakawaiata

Answer 33

exit