Maori and Pasifika Health Flashcards
Define imagined communities.
Our perspective of other countries, shaped by our imagination which is influenced by census, maps and museums.
Name the three types of political status of Pacific countries.
Dependencies
Compact of free association
Independence
What is the name of the Samoan concept describing the space that relates us?
Va
Why do Pacific people face their backs to the future?
It is a sign of respect to face the past and face those who have helped you get to where you are today.
Describe whakapapa.
The layering of generations of knowledge and narratives, and social networks that help us identify who we are, where we come from, and our responsibilities.
Describe three terms of groups of Maori people.
Iwi- group of people that descend from a common ancestor
Hāpu- sub-tribe, neighbours territory of hāpu from same iwi
Whānau- family (and friends) who live and work together, and everyone plays a role
Define Tikanga.
The right way of doing things according to a set of values originating from the creation narratives.
Name the Maori term for the practice of family connection/ creating a sense of belonging.
Whanaungatanga
Name the Maori term for the practice of supporting, caring and showing respect to others.
Manaakitanga
Which Maori term encapsulates both whanaungatanga and manaakitanga?
Aroha
Name the Maori term for prestige and authority.
Mana
Name the four ways in which mana can be achieved.
Mana atua- derived through whakapapa
Mana tūpuna- through ancestor/ birthright
Mana whenua- through occupation of the land
Mana tuku- granted by the people to recognise skills
How do we ensure our mana stays intact and is enhanced?
By the correct practice of tikanga.
Which Maori term means ‘sacred’, and restricts people to keep them out of harm’s way?
Tapu
Name the Maori term that counteracts tapu.
Noa- freedom from restriction
Which three Maori concepts ensure equilibrium in the world?
Mana, tapu and noa.
Which Maori term means ‘life force’?
Mauri
Name the Maori term for the immortal soul.
Wairua
Which Maori term means reciprocity- whether this is positive or negative?
Utu
Is individualism a valued concept in Pacific culture? Why/ why not?
No, a more holistic approach is taken: you exist because of a greater circle- family, community and environment.
How do Pacific people view physical health?
Not a priority, compared to family, spiritual, and mental health. If these three are good, physical health will be too.
Name the components of the Fonofale model.
Foundation= family
Poles= mental, physical, spiritual, other
Surrounded by: time, context, environment
Describe Maori health before colonisation.
Communally focused
Fit and muscular because of travelling and gathering natural foods
Few infectious diseases
Sought healing from tohunga
How is mana restored?
Waiata
Karakia
War until a daughter is offered into arranged marriage in the other iwi
Define whenua, and how Maori are connected to it.
The land/ country/ placenta. Placenta of Maori children is buried in the ground, connecting them to the land- big part of Maori spirituality.
What is the term for the way the Maori year is scheduled into lunar months?
Maramataka Maori
Name some problems Maori faced when the Europeans settled in NZ.
New weapons Loss of language and transmission of knowledge New diseases from Europe Loss of land Suppression of culture
Describe how the Maori language began to be lost.
Education of Maori children by the European missionaries banned the use of Maori in classrooms, which scared them out pf using it at home. The curriculum was taught in English.
How and why did European diseases affect the Maori?
Maori had never been exposed to diseases such as measles and influenza, so had no immunity to them. The Maori population decreased rapidly, transferring the power over to the Europeans.
Describe two ways Maori culture was suppressed by the colonisers.
Banning the language- loss of te reo and tikanga between generations- none taught in schools
Tohunga- the spiritual guardians and healers- made illegal by the European settlers for claiming to have ‘supernatural’ powers, without recognising their wider role in the community.
What was the key problem with the Treaty of Waitangi?
There was a difference in meaning between the Maori version and English version. The Maori version, signed by the Maori chiefs, gave the Queen ‘governance’ over the land. While the English version, the one put into place, gave the Queen ‘all the rights and powers of sovereignty’ over the land. The chiefs thought they would be in a shared partnership over the land.
How did the Maori benefit from European settlers?
Trade- new materials to improve quality of life.
Introduced to new foods- increased life expectancy.
Literacy skills- how to read and write.
