Manufacturing Design, Planning, and Control Flashcards
Manufacturing Process
The series of operations performed upon material to convert it from the raw material or a semifinished state to a state of further completion
Delivery Lead Time
The time from the receipt of a customer order to the delivery of the product
Supplier Lead Time
Amount of time that normally elapses between the time an order is received by a supplier and the time the order is shipped
Procurement Lead Time
The time required to design a product, modify or design equipment, conduct market research, and obtain all necessary materials
Purchasing Lead Time
The total lead time required to obtain a purchased item
Manufacturing Lead Time
The total time to manufacture an item
Engineer-to-Order (ETO)
Products whose customer specifications require unique engineering design, significant customization, or new purchased materials
Make-to-Order (MTO)
When a good or service can be made after receipt of a customer’s order. The final product is usually a combination of standard items and items custom-designed to meet the special needs of the customer
Assemble-to-Order (ATO)
When a good or service can be assembled after receipt of a customer’s order. They key components used in the assembly or finishing process are planned and usually stocked in anticipation of a customer order
Components
The raw material, part, or subassembly that goes into a higher-level assembly, compound, or other item
Modularization
The use of standardized parts for flexibility and variety. Utilizes the same items to build a variety of finished goods
Make-to-Stock
When products can be and usually are finished before receipt of a customer order. Customer orders are typically filled from existing stocks.
Mass Customization
The creation of high-volume product with large variety whose manufacturing cost is low due to the large volume, allowing customers to specify an exact model out of a large volume of possible end items.
Postponement
Strategy that deliberately delays final differentiation of a product until the latest possible time in the process. Minimizes risk of producing the wrong product.
Package-to-Order
When a good or service can be packaged after receipt of a customer order. The item is common but the packaging determines the end product
VATI Analysis
Procedure for determining the general flow of parts and products from raw materials to finished products.
V - one material leads to many end products
A - many raw materials lead to one end product
T - raw materials transformed using a single flow production line but at some point become many different end products
I - linear flow of operations that use a production line or continuous flow to product one type of end product
Process Types
Project, Work Center, Batch, Line, and Continuous
Process Layouts
Fixed Position, Functional, Cellular, and Product-Based
Production Life Cycle
The stages a new product goes through from beginning to end
Introduction, Growth, Maturity, and Decline
Broad categories tend to have larger life cycles than specific categories
Project Management
Coordinating the organizing, planning, scheduling, directing, etc of activities to ensure that the objectives of a project, manufactured good, or service are achieved
Gantt Chart
Type of planning and control chart to show graphically the relationship between planned performance and actual performance over time
Intermittent Production
Form of manufacturing in which the jobs pass through the functional departments in lots, and each may have a different routing
Work Center Processing
Processing of smaller lots organized around similar processes and has quicker changeovers. Production areas are grouped by function
Batch Processing
Processing of larger lots organized around optimization of flow between the chain of activities to minimize distances traveled and number of changeovers
Flow Processing
Work flows from one workstation to another at a nearly constant rate with no delays
Repetitive Manufacturing
The production of discrete units utilizing flow processing
Continuous Manufacturing
The production of non-discrete units utilizing flow processing
