Manual Therapy (Pod med) Flashcards
What’s the two main mechanism of action of manual therapy:
1?
2?
- Promotion of healing tissue
- Superficial fluid techniques (efflurage)
- Specific Soft Tissue Mobilisation
- Improvement in tissue extensibility
- Neuromuscular techniques
- Connective Tissue techniques
What are the indications for manual therapy?
1?
2?
3?
4?
5?
- Pain
- Effusion
- Muscle spasm
- Reduced muscle extensibility
- Reduced connective tissue extensibility (scar)
- Reduced Muscle Integrity
What are the contraindication or precautions for manual therapy?
- Diabetes
- Blood disorders
- Anticoaugulant medication
- Infection
- Thrombosis
- Malignancy
- Vascular insifficinecy
- Cellulitis
- Fever
- Poor skin condition
- Open wound
- Loss of sensation
What are the endageroud sites?
- Throat/Thrachea
- Ant/Post neck
- Kidney
- Popliteal fossa area
- Femoral triangle (Nerve, artery, vein)
What are some of the effect of STM and massage?
- M
- P
- P
- R
- PNI
- Mechanical: physically moving the tissue
- Reflex: Change mediated by nervous system, sedation and arousal of mechanoreceptors
- Physcological: thoughts, emotions, behaviours
- Physiological: Change in biological process
- Psychoimmunological, decrease in stress hormone
What are general practice guidlines for manual therapy?
1?
2?
3?
4?
5?
- Locate the tissues: Assess during treatment /Palpate
- Observe pt
- Penetrate deeper through repetition
- Rate = 1/depth
- Adjust technique to :
Patient needs
Region and condition
- What is the Efflurage technique?
- Which stage of healing?
- Promote?
- Indicated in ?
- Remove?
- Superficial fluid technique
- Early stages of healing (0-3days)
- the resorption of inflammatory exudate
- the presence of swelling / effusion/ inflammation
- chemical inflammatory mediators that are pain sensitizing (prostaglandins) decrease pain and sensitivity to movement
What are some clinical examples for Effluerage?
1?
2?
3?
- Acute ankle sprain
- Hamstring strain (day 0-3)
- Removing excess fluid post cellulitis/ would infection
What are some of the function for specific soft tissue mobilisation?
- Which stage of healing?
- Controlled graded loading to promote ?
- Promote ?
- Prevent?
- Stimulate the proliferation of?
- Type III collagen is replaced by?
- Later stage of healing (7-10 days)
- Collagen synthesis
- Promote Collagen alingment and links within the tissue
- Prevent inappropriate crosslink between the tissue layers
- Fibroblast
- strong type I
Explain the deep transverse friction mobilisation:
Small amplitude, specfic, repetitive, non-gliding technique on the superficial tissue surface
Movement is between tissue layers to prevent/break down inappropriate cross-link regenerates in muscle or tendon
Causes hyperaemia
Breaks down adhesions
Stimulates mechanoreceptors (analgesic effects)
Promote collagen orientation
What are some clinical examples for Deep transverse frictions:
Accessory SSTM:
Achilles Tendonopathies
Patella Tendon
Deep Transverse Frictions: Plantar Fascia Anterior Talofibular ligament
- When is the neuromuscular techniques indicated?
- What are the stages of healing?
- What the intend of treatment?
- Indicated when an impaired movement is present, limited by an active myofascial restriction
- 10 days- 4 weeks
- Intent of treatment not to produce a longer bit of tissue but to induce muscle relaxation
What are the different NMT techniques:
1?
2?
3?
- Kneading
- Stripping
- Myofascial trigger point release
What is the kneading technique?
Repetitive compression, shear & release of a muscle with varying degrees of drag, lift and glide
Picking up, wringing and squeezing
Used on large muscles that can be easily lifted (eg. Calf, quads)
What is the Stirpping technique?
Deep, slow and very specific glidng techniqe along the line of the muscle
“Deep Effleurage”
Deep enough to engage muscle but should cause minimal pain
Hand contact needs to be soft and broad