Mann et al Flashcards
Aims? (2)
To determine if there are systematic behavioral indicators to distinguish between those who are telling lies and those who are telling the truth; To determine if cognitive load causes changes in behavior relevant to lying or telling the truth.
Define: cognitive load
Hypothetical construct used to describe the load related to the executive control of working memory.
Describe the sample
16 police suspects; 13 male, 3 female; 4 juveniles, 12 adults; 15 Caucasian, 1 Asian
What kind of sample was used?
Self-selecting sample: suspects were known to have made truth and lie statements
What was the method?
Natural experiment w/ naturalistic observation; participants did not know their behavior would be analyzed for psychological study.
What was the design?
Repeated measures; IV was truths and lies, and all participants told truths and lies
Variables?
IV- Truths or lies
DV- Behavior shown
Apparatus? (What was used to collect data?)
1 hr videotape w/ 65 clips; 27 truths, 38 lies; each subject had 2-8 clips; and a coding scheme were observations were recorded
Controls? (3)
Researchers did not code videos to eliminate bias; truth and lies confirmed by police; observers not told what study was about
Define “content analysis”. How was it used in the study?
Studying the content of communication while collecting quantitative data; observers were instructed to ‘code the video footage’
What were the behaviors recorded? (6)
Gaze aversion, blinking, head movements, speech disturbances, pauses, hand and arm movements
Why were there two coders?
To see if there was good agreement and high inter-rater reliability.
How were the observations analyzed?
Using a Pearson Correlation Statistical Test, scale of 0 to 1
What were the most reliable indicators of lying?
Longer pauses, less blinking (both 81%)
Define: quasi-experiment
Researcher does not manipulate an IV
