Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical knowledge II > Manifestations of disease > Flashcards

Manifestations of disease Flashcards

1
Q

What determines a caries risk assessment?

A

Frequency of sugar.
Fluoride exposure.
Oral hygiene.
Medical conditions
Caries experience.
Medications
Family caries experience.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What clinical findings place someone in the high risk caries category?

A

White spot lesions.
Presence of active decay.
Amount of lesions.
Previous restorations/caries experience.
The extent of the carious lesions.
The presence of plaque.
Extractions.
Orthodontic appliances.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What parts of a person’s social history may affect their caries risk?

A

Social deprivation.
Caries in family.
Lack of knowledge surrounding dental disease.
Education.
Alcohol intake.
Diet.
Low dental aspirations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What systemic diseases cause xerostomia?

A

Diabetes
Rheumatoid arthritis
Sjrogren’s syndrome
HIV
Scleroderma
Lupus
Sleep apnoea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What can cause acidic dental erosion?

A

GORD.
Alcohol.
Carbonated drinks.
Sugary drinks.
Bulimia.
Fruit juices.
Xerostomia due to lost buffering capapcity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What advice would you give to someone with NCTSL?

A

Referral to a specialist if bulimia or GORD is suspected.
Saliva promoting gels, spray or tablets.
Diet advice to reduce acidic drinks.
Alcohol cessation.
Brush with 1350ppm-1500ppm fluoride toothpaste.
TBI - not brushing after eating/sick.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What makes a person high perio risk?

A

Presence of PRF.
Poorly controlled diabetes.
Smoking.
Smokeless tobacco use.
Family history of periodontitis.
Ethnicity.
Socio-economic status.
Plaque biofilm.
Occlusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the clinical findings that make a patient high perio risk?

A

More than 30% BoP
More than 20% plaque
Plaque retentive factors.
BPE.
Recession
Bone loss on radiographs
Tooth mobility
Tooth loss.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the clinical presentation of a smoker?

A

Staining
Halitosis
Hairy black tongue.
Candidiasis.
Mobility
Tooth loss
Lack of BoP due to vasoconstrictor in nicotine.
Stomatitis
Gingival recession.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What makes a person high risk for developing oral cancer?

A

Tobacco and alcohol use.
HPV-16
Gender
Excess body weight.
Age.
Sun exposure
Poor nutrition.
Genetics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How ca coeliac disease present orally?

A

Glossitis
Angular cheilitis
RAS
Enamel Hypoplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How can Crohn’s disease present orally?

A

Swelling of the lips
Mucosal tags
Oral Ulceration
Angular cheilitis
Lip fissures
Perioral erythema
Full width gingivitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How can ulcerative colitis present orally?

A

Apthous ulcers
Angular cheilitis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does GORD present oraly?

A

Dental erosion on palatal aspects.
Antacids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does hepatic disease present orally?

A

Intra-oral jaundice.
Impaired haemostasis.
Prolonged bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hoe does anaemia present orally?

A

Pallor
Glossitis
Oral candidosis
Axacerabtion of RAU.
Plummer-Vinson syndrome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How can leukaemia present orally?

A

Gingival swelling
Oral ulceration
Leukaemic deposits.
Oral purpura.
Candida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How can platelet disorders present orally?

A

Purpura.
Petechial haemorrhages
Blood filled blisters on the oral mucosa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What causes platelet disorders?

A

Idiopathic thrombocytopaenia
Connective tissue diseases
Acute leukaemias.
Drug associated
HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What should be avoided in patients with bleeding disorders?

A

IDB
Aspirin
NSAIDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the oral manifestations of lupus?

A

Lichenoid.
Purpura
xerostomia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the oral associations with Rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Sjogren’s Syndrome
Limited opening
crepitus
Stiffness
Pain

23
Q

How may Sjogren’s syndorme present clinically?

A

Parchment like mucosa.
Lobulated depapillated tongue.

24
Q

What is the clinical presentation of scleroderma?

A

Restricted opening
Dysphagia
Widening of the periodontal ligament
Trismus

25
Q

Why is COPD relevant to Treatment?

A

Periodontal susceptibility.
Trigger airway problems
Best treated upright
Difficult for rubber dam.
Smoking cessation

26
Q

What is lichen planus?

A

Bilateral white striations, papules or plaques on the buccal mucosa.

27
Q

What type of lichen planus is the most common?

A

Reticular.

28
Q

What type of lichen planus is the most symptomatic?

A

Erosive.

29
Q

What are the 4 types of epulides?

A

Pregnancy
Fibrous
Giant cell
Carcinomas

30
Q

How would you manage a pregnancy epulis?

A

OHI
May regress after delivery.
May need exision.

31
Q

How do you assess the risk of pain or sepsis before exfoliation?

A

Extent of the lesion
Site of the lesions
Activity of the lesions
Time until exfoliation
Number of other lesions present
Anticipated co-operation from the child.
Anticipated co-operation from the parent.
The range of procedures the clinician is able to provide.
Medical status of the child.

32
Q

What medical information would you gather to risk assess a child?

A

Medications
Medical Conditions
Allergies
hospitalisation

33
Q

What social information would you gather to risk assess a child?

A

Siblings
School
Distance travelled
Attitude to dental health

34
Q

What dental health information would you gather to risk assess a child?

A

Attendance
Previous treatment (GA)
Brushing habits
Fluoride exposure
Complaints
Diet

35
Q

What factors would influence your decision in a paediatric patient?

A

If the child is in pain.
The extent of the lesion.
Which tooth the lesion is present.
Co-operation
Time to exfoliation.
IF the parent is there to consent.

36
Q

In which order should treatment be carried out?

A

Pain prevention.
Prevention
Intervention

37
Q

What is the significance of a BPE code 2?

A

The the black band is visible - less than 3.5mm.
Sub/supra gingival plaque or calculus present.
A screening tool that along with clinical examination will help to diagnose.
BSP outlines treatment for code 2 as OHI, plaque and bleeding charts, PMPR, review at next appointment in 3-6 months.

38
Q

How would you manage periodontal treatment with a patient who is nervous and has cerebral palsy?

A

Acclimatisation with short appointments.
Starting with prevention unless the patient is in pain.
NCTSL, periodontal disease, caries, drooling, xerostomia are common in patients with cerebral palsy.
- Gaining appropriate consent.
- Treatment modifications. (wheelchairs/hoists/stability aids/carer.)
- Different motor skills determine OHI modifications.
- Sedation or GA referral depending on patient anxiety for restorations.

39
Q

How would you carry out treatment to a patient with cerebral palsy?

A

OHI – Brushing twice a day with a modified toothbrush, carers help, make sure to give advice to carer also. Using NaF toothpaste (prescription from dentist for NaF 5000ppm, 0.05% NaF MW to be used during the day).
Plaque and bleeding indices.
PMPR – May hand scale due to patient being nervous to gradually integrate them into the dental practice
Longer appointments.
Treating xerostomia with saliva promoting tablets.
Fluoride varnish (2.26%) application twice a year.
Diet advice – Limiting sugar to meal-times, nothing just before bed. Sugar free medication
Restorations – Do one at a time, GI restorations. Maybe sedation or GA depending on co-operation.

40
Q

What are the factors that increase risk caries prevalence amongst the aging population?

A

Xerostomia
Polypharmacy
Previous periodontal disease (Recession).
Diet
Lack of fluoride (less than 1350ppm)
Root morphology
Living in a residential home.
Social deprivation
Cariogenic medicines.
Physical disability.

41
Q

How would you manage a vaso-vagal syncope?

A

Prevention: -
Raise patients legs above head.
Management if they become unconscious: -
Lay patient supine.
Monitor pulse.
Give oxygen if necessary.

Once recovered may give glucose drink.

42
Q

What would you find in the medical emergency kit?

A

Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) spray (400micrograms)
Salbutamol aerosol inhaler (100micrograms)
Adrenaline injection (1:1000, 1mg/ml)
Aspirin dispersible (300mg)
Glucagon injection 1mg
Oral glucose solution
Midazolam 5mg/ml buccal
Oxygen
Oxygen face mask & tubing
Basic set of oropharyngeal airways.
Pocket mask with oxygen port
Self-inflating bag and mask.
Variety of well fitting adult and child facemasks.
Portable suction
Single use sterile syringes and needles
Automated blood glucose measurement device
NIBP / Pulse Oximeter
Automated External Defibrillator

43
Q

What is a dentoalveolar infection?

A

A pus producing infection associated with the teeth and supporting structures.

44
Q

When are antimicrobials recommended?

A

As an adjunct to definitive treatment where there is an elevated temperature, evidence of systemic spread and local lymph involvement.

45
Q

What is a periapical abscess?

A

An acute infection that are associated with the apex of the tooth. This can cause systemic effects.

46
Q

What is deciduous pulpal involvement?

A

The soft irreversible dentine extends into the pulp causing irreversible changes before pulpl exposure.

47
Q

What is a periodontal abscess?

A

Usually from trauma at the opening of the gingival pocket.

48
Q

What is ANUG?

A

It is associated with poor oh, smoking and stress. Halitosis, ulceration, malaise. Treatment with PMPR.

49
Q

What is periocoronitis?

A

Inflammation associated with the crown of a partially erupted tooth.

50
Q

What is the herpes simplex virus?

A

Infectious until the crusting is complete. Advice aciclovir.

51
Q

What are the predisposing factors to candida?

A

Age
Pregnancy
Trauma
Diet
Asthma
Diabetes
Malignancy
AIDs/HIV
Xerostomia
Antibiotics
Smoking

52
Q

What are the differential diagnosis’ to candida?

A

Geographical tongue
Leukoplakia.
Hairy tongue.
Lichen planus
HIV infection
Oral cancers.

53
Q

What are the clinical presentations of a squamous cell carcinoma?

A

White or red patch
Non healing ulcer
Earache
Mostly Painless
Dysphasia
Enlarged lymph
Lower lip

Clinical knowledge II (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions