Mangler Flashcards
Describe different purposes of memory assessment.
Describe some of the most commonly used memory tests in neurological populations and mention which sub-functions of memory a memory test assesses.
- Trail making: working memory
- Letter-span: working memory
- Word memory: declarative (semantic)
- Long-delay recall trail: declarative (episodic)?
Describe information that is relevant to collect through a clinical interview when assessing memory.
Describe key advantages and limitations of commonly used memory tests.
Describe factors that can influence performance on memory tests.
Describe plastic changes in the motor cortex in relation skill acquisition.
Describe the role of the supplementary motor area and basal ganglia in explicit and implicit sequence learning.
BG (striatum): dopamine, reward system - reinforcement contingency - net ffect: dopamine release in the BG promotes selected actions represented in the direct pathway, and discourages nonselected actions via the indirect pathway
Supplementary motor:
Describe memory and learning mechanisms in spatial and cognitive memory, that is, the elements of the “cognitive map” represented in the hippocampus and entorhinal system (place cells, grid cells, speed cells, border cells, head direction cells).
What are the cellular/molecular mechanisms behind immediate early gene (IEG) induction and engram formation?
Identify the neocortical areas involved in working memory.
Identify neocortical areas involved in declarative memory.
Describe and identify the brain structures involved in non-declarative memory, including neocortical areas and basal ganglia.
Describe the structure and connections of the hippocampus.
Describe the use of different biomarkers diagnose Alzheimer’s disease.
((Positive biomarkers (normal biomarkers in elderly with normal cognition): they will get AD if they live long enough? Risk factor, not disease marker?))
Describe the typical course of disease of Alzheimer’s disease.
(Mean survival: 7 y)
