Manganese Flashcards
Is Manganese a metal that is widely found in nature?
YES!
Where is Manganese primarily found? (hint: what foods)
Whole grain cereals, legumes, nuts and tea
Manganese absorption occurs through what transporters? (hint: 2 transporters)
Divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1)
ZIP 14
What is the absorption rate of Manganese?
5-10%
Large dietary intakes of Manganese has what affect on absorption and what is the excretion route?
Decreases absorption to limit toxicity
Increased excretion through the bile via liver
What two substances enhance the absorption of Manganese?
Histidine and Citrate
What substances inhibit the absorption of Manganese?
- Phytates, oxalates fiber [via chelation]
- Iron, Calcium, Copper [DMT1 competition]
- Duodenum [Mn2+ oxidized to Mn3+] decrease absorbability
Where is Manganese primarily found, and in what form?
Within the mitochondria as Mn2+
The mechanisms of action of Manganese are… (hint: 2 things)
Enzyme activator and Constituent of metaloenzymes
Manganese deficiency rarely causes any problems except for which 5 enzymes?
- Glycosyl transferase (transferase)
- Arginase (hydrolase) [Urea cycle]
- Pyruvate carboxylase (ligase) [Gluconeogenesis]
- Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [PEPCK] (lyase)
- Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (oxido-reductase) [ETC]
What mineral antagonizes Manganese absorption?
Iron
Manganese toxicity can affect what types of workers?
Miners
How do miners develop Manganese toxicity?
Manganese in the dust fumes
When miners develop Manganese toxicity, what are the two tell-tale symptoms?
Insomnia and delusions
What is this disease nicknamed/known as?
“Manganese Madness”
