Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Occlusion 2 > Mandibular Movements > Flashcards

Mandibular Movements Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of rotational movements?

A

Horizontal axis, vertical axis and sagittal axis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In the TMJ, where does rotation occur?

A

As movement within the inferior cavity of the joint, between the superior surface of the condyle and the inferior surface of the articular disc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the mandibular movement around the horizontal axis?

A

Opening and closing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a hinge movement?

A

Opening and closing motion around the horizontal axis, or the hinge axis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the only example of mandibular activity in which a “pure” rotational movement occurs?

A

The hinge movement, or horizontal axis of rotation. In all other movements, rotation around the axis as accompanied by translation of the axis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the terminal hinge axis?

A

When the condyles are in their most superior position in the articular fossae and the mouth is purely rotated open, the hinge axis is the axis around which movement occurs.

Also called the starting point of all movement, and where CR exists.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is another term for frontal axis of rotation?

A

Vertical axis of rotation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When does mandibular movement around the frontal axis occur?

A

When one condyle moves anteriorly out of the terminal hinge position with the vertical axis of the opposite condyle remaining in the terminal hinge position.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Does the isolated movement of frontal axis of rotation occur naturally? Why?

A

No, the inclination of the articular eminence prompts the frontal axis to tilt as the moving or orbiting travels anteriorly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Does the isolated movement of frontal axis of rotation occur naturally? Why?

A

No, the inclination of the articular eminence prompts the frontal axis to tilt as the moving or orbiting travels anteriorly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Orbiting condyle

A

The condyle that is displaced in a frontal or vertical movement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Orbiting condyle

A

The condyle that is displaced in a frontal or vertical movement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe a mandibular movement around the sagittal axis.

A

One condyle moves inferiorly while the other remains in the terminal hinge position.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Does an isolated mandibular movement around the sagittal axis occur naturally? When does it occur?

A

No. The ligaments and musculature of the TMJ prevent an inferior displacement of the condyle (dislocation). It occurs in conjunction with other movements when the orbiting condyle moves downward and forward across the articular eminence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the capsular ligament.

A

Extends anteriorly to include the articular eminence and encompass the entire articular surface of the joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of movement does the OOP limit?

A

Normal rotational opening movement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of movement does the IHP limit?

A

Posterior movement of the condyle and disc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define translation.

A

A movement in which every point of the moving object simultaneously has the same direction and velocity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In the masticatory system, when does a translational movement occur?

A

During protrusion, when the mandible moves forward. The teeth, condyles and rami all move in the same direction and to the same degree.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where does translation occur?

A

Within the superior cavity of the joint between the superior surface of the articular disc and the inferior surface of the articular fossa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

During most normal movements of the mandible, both ________ and ________ occur simultaneously.

A

Rotation and Translation. While the mandible is rotating around one or more of the axes, each of the axis is translating and changing its orientation in space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

During most normal movements of the mandible, both ________ and ________ occur simultaneously.

A

Rotation and Translation. While the mandible is rotating around one or more of the axes, each of the axis is translating and changing its orientation in space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is mandibular movement limited by?

A

Ligaments, the articular surfaces of the TMJs and the morphology and alignment of the teeth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are border movements?

A

When the mandible moves through the outer range of motion, reproducible and describable movements result.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the 4 parts of the border movements in the sagittal plane or Posselt’s Diagram?

A
  1. Posterior opening border.
  2. Anterior opening border.
  3. Superior contact border
  4. Typical functional movement.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are posterior and anterior opening border movements determined by?

A

Ligaments and the morphology of the TMJ’s.

27
Q

What are superior contact border movements determined by?

A

Occlusal and incisal surfaces of teeth.

28
Q

Are functional movements considered border movements?

A

NO. They are not determined by an outer range of motion, but rather by the conditional responses of the neuromuscular system.

29
Q

What is the most superior condylar position from which a hinge axis movement can occur called?

A

The CR position.

30
Q

Describe the posterior opening border movement.

A

Two-stage hinging movement. In the first stage the condyles are stabilized in their most superior positions in the articular fossae, or the terminal hinge position. The mandible is lowered in a pure rotational movement without the translation of the condyles.

31
Q

Far apart are the anterior teeth at the end of a pure rotational movement from the terminal hinge position?

A

20-25 mm apart.

32
Q

Far apart are the anterior teeth at the end of a pure rotational movement from the terminal hinge position?

A

20-25 mm apart.

33
Q

What starts the second stage of the posterior opening border movement?

A

As the condyles translate, the axis of rotation of the mandible shifts into the bodies of the rami.

34
Q

Where is the exact location of the axes of rotation in the rami?

A

The area of attachment of the sphenomandibular ligaments.

35
Q

During the stage in which the mandible is rotating around a horizontal axis passing through the rami, what is the movement of the condyles? The mandible?

A

The condyles are moving anteriorly and inferiorly and the anterior portion of the mandible is moving posteriorly and inferiorly.

36
Q

What is the maximum limit range for the second stage of rotational movement during opening?

A

40-60 mm

37
Q

When is maximum opening reached?

A

When the capsular ligaments prevent further movement of the condyles.

38
Q

When the mandible is maximally opened, what muscles need to contract in order to reproduce an anterior closing border movement. What are the condyle’s position during this movement?

A

Inferior lateral pterygoids. They keep the condyles positioned anteriorly, bringing you back to protrusion.

39
Q

What happens when ther

A

d

40
Q

What happens when there is force applied to the teeth when the condyles are in centric relation?

A

A superoanterior shift of the mandible into the maximum intercuspal postion. ICP.

41
Q

What creates the inferior movement when protruding?

A

Contact of the incisal edges of the mandibular anterior teeth with the lingual surfaces of the maxillary anterior teeth.

42
Q

What creates the horizontal movement of the mandible in the superior contact border?

A

As the incisal edges of the maxillary and mandibular teeth pass across each other.

43
Q

What does continued forward movement of the mandible past incisal contact in the superior contact border movement result in?

A

A superior movement as the anterior teeth pass beyond the end-to-end position, resulting in posterior tooth contacts.

44
Q

What is the most superior point of the anterior opening border movement determined by?

A

The maximum protrusive movement as established by the ligaments.

45
Q

When do functional movements occur?

A

During functional activity of the mandible. Within the border movements, thus free movements.

46
Q

Where do most functional movements occur?

A

At and below MI because most functional movements require maximum intercuspation.

47
Q

Define clinical rest position.

A

When the mandible is at rest, it is found to be located approximately 2-4 mm below the MI.

48
Q

What is the position at which the muscles have their least amount of electromyographic activity?

A

d

49
Q

What is the position at which the muscles have their least amount of electromyographic activity?

A

NOT clinical rest. When the mandible is positioned approximately 8 mm inferior and 3 mm anterior to the MI.

50
Q

Where is the mandible located in Postural position (PP)?

A

2-4 mm below MI.

51
Q

Where is the mandible located in Postural position (PP)?

A

2-4 mm below MI.

52
Q

What is used to record the mandibular border movements in the horizontal plane?

A

A gothic arch tracer. As the mandible moves, the stylus attached to the mandibular teeth generates a pathway on the recording table attached to the maxillary teeth.

53
Q

What is used to record the mandibular border movements in the horizontal plane?

A

A gothic arch tracer. As the mandible moves, the stylus attached to the mandibular teeth generates a pathway on the recording table attached to the maxillary teeth.

54
Q

What are the 4 movements in the horizontal plane?

A
  1. Left lateral.
  2. Continued left lateral with protrusion.
  3. Right lateral.
  4. Continued right lateral with protrusion.
55
Q

What is a Progressive Mandibular Lateral Translation?

A

Direct lateral movement. Previously known as a Bennett Movement. Only one condyle moves.

56
Q

When mandibular border movements in the horizontal plane is recorded at various degrees of opening, what happens to the borders as the mouth is opened wider?

A

The borders become closer together/smaller.

57
Q

What is EEP?

A

End-to-end position of anterior teeth.

58
Q

What is EC?

A

Area used in the early stages of mastication.

59
Q

What is LC?

A

Area used in the later stages of mastication, just before swallowing.

60
Q

What are the 4 mandibular translation border movements in the frontal plane?

A
  1. Left lateral superior.
  2. Left lateral opening.
  3. Right lateral superior.
  4. Right lateral opening.
61
Q

What is a Progressive Mandibular Lateral Translation?

A

Lateral movement from CR position. Previously known as a Bennett Movement. Only one condyle moves.

62
Q

What are the 4 mandibular translation border movements in the frontal plane?

A
  1. Left lateral superior.
  2. Left lateral opening.
  3. Right lateral superior.
  4. Right lateral opening.
63
Q

Immediate Mandibular Lateral Translation?

A

IMLT. Previously known as Balkwill-Bennett Shift. It is a lateral protrusion, the most common movement of the mandible.

64
Q

Describe the chewing stroke.

A

As in the other planes, functional movements in the frontal plane begin and end at the MI. During chewing, the mandible drops directly inferiorly until the desired opening is achieved. It then shifts to the side on which the bolus is placed and rises up. As it approaches MI, the bolus is broken down between the opposing teeth. In the final mm of closure, the mandible quickly shifts back to MI.

Occlusion 2 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions