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RAD PRO III Crainum > Mandible, TMJ's, Sinuses and Temporal bone > Flashcards

Mandible, TMJ's, Sinuses and Temporal bone Flashcards

1
Q

what does the temporal bone have

A

petrous pyramid

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2
Q

what do the petrous pyramids house

A

the organs of hearing and balance

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3
Q

thin upper portion of the temporal bone

A

squamous portion

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4
Q

how many pairs of sinuses

A

4

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5
Q

thickest densest bone in the cranium

A

petrous pyramid

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6
Q

what bone forms a large part of the middle cranial fossa and a small part of the posterior cranial fossa

A

temporal bones

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7
Q

the temporal bone consists of

A

squamous portion, tympanic portion, styloid process, zygomatic process, petromastoid portion

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8
Q

zygomatic process

A

prominent arched process that projects anteriorly to articulate with zygoma and complete the zygomatic arch

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9
Q

mandibular fossa

A

receives condyle of mandible to form TMJ

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10
Q

atricular tubercle

A

forms anterior boundary of mandibular fossa

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11
Q

tympanic portion location

A

below squama and in front of petromastoid portion

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12
Q

styloid process

A

slender, pointed bone projecting inferiorly, anteriorly, and slightly medially from inferior surface of tympanic portion

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13
Q

mastoid process

A

conical process projecting from mastoid portion

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14
Q

first of the mastoid air cells to develop

A

mastoid antrum

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15
Q

the mastoid antrum is

A

quite large and communicates with the tympanic cavity

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16
Q

the internal carotid artery courses in the ___ ___ and enters the inferior aspect of the ____ ____ and passes superior to the ____ and medially to exit the ___ ___

A

carotid canal
petrous portion
cochlea
petrous apex

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17
Q

where does the top of the ridge lay

A

TEA

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18
Q

the carotid canal opens into the

A

foramen lacerum

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19
Q

the organ of hearing

A

ear

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20
Q

the organs of hearing and equilibrium consist of three main divisions

A

external ear, middle ear and internal ear

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21
Q

two parts of the external ear

A

auricle and EAM

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22
Q

sound conducting canal

A

EAM

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23
Q

superior attachment of the auricle

A

TEA

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24
Q

how long is the EAM

A

1 inch

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25
Q

deep central depression of the auricle

A

concha

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26
Q

outer third of the canal wall is _______ and the inner two thirds Is _______

A

cartilaginous, osseous

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27
Q

middle ear consists of

A

tympanic membrane, tympanic cavity and three auditory ossicles

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28
Q

three auditory ossicles

A

malleus, incus, and stapes

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29
Q

what functions in hearing

A

cochlea

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30
Q

what functions in equilibrium and balance

A

vestibule and semicircular canals

31
Q

the inner ear consists of

A

cochlea, vestibule and three semicircular canals

32
Q

stapes articulates with the

A

oval window of the inner ear

33
Q

inner ear lies immediately below

A

arcuate eminence

34
Q

the cochlea communicates with the

A

middle ear through the round window

35
Q

largest and densest bone of the face

A

mandible

36
Q

slowest healing facial fracture

A

mandible

37
Q

the mandible consists of

A

curved horizontal portion called body
two verticle portions called rami

38
Q

most anterior and central part of the mandible

A

symphysis

39
Q

which is more superior the coronoid process and condylar process

A

coronoid process

40
Q

small opening on each side of the mandible for transmission of nerves and blood vessels

A

mental foramina

41
Q

how does the TJM slant

A

15 degrees posteriorly and 15 degrees inferiorly and medially

42
Q

functions of the sinuses

A

serve as a resonating chamber for the voice
decrease the weight of the skull
aid in warming and moisturizing inhaled air
act as shock absorber in trauma
possibly control the immune system

43
Q

which sinuses do not develop until puberty

A

ethmoid air cells

44
Q

which sinuses are usually the only ones developed enough to be demonstrated radiographically at birth

A

maxillary

45
Q

at what age is the frontal and sphenoid sinus distinguishable from ethmoids

A

6-7 years of age

46
Q

largest sinuses

A

maxillary

47
Q

second largest sinuses

A

frontal

48
Q

frontal sinuses drain into the

A

middle nasal meatus

49
Q

Reids baseline

A

line drawn from the inferior margin of the orbit to the auricular point and extending backward to the center of the occipital bone

50
Q

air-fluid levels for sphenoid sinuses which position would you do

A

cross-table lateral

51
Q

what projection do you do when there is a suspected rami fracture

A

PA projection- perp central ray- CR exiting the Acanthion

52
Q

what projection do you do when there is a suspected body of mandible fracture

A

PA projection- AML nearly perp- CR exiting level of the lips

53
Q

precise technical factors for paranasal sinuses

A

small focal spot, IR free of artifact, kVp and mAs must be right for that patient, no movement of the head and no breathing

54
Q

exudate

A

sinus fluid- thicker

55
Q

which projections best shows sphenoid sinuses

A

lateral sinus

56
Q

most important EC for lateral sinus

A

sella turcia in profile
superimposed orbital roofs
superimposed mandibular rami

57
Q

when the lateral projection for sinuses is used for preoperative measurements what should the SID be

A

72

58
Q

what projection is best for frontal sinuses and anterior ethmoidal air cells

A

PA Axial projection, Caldwell method

59
Q

is angled grid or vertical grid caldwell method perferred

A

angled grid

60
Q

why is the angled grid preferred over vertical

A

because the vertical increases the OID and can cause distortion

61
Q

which projection shows the maxillary sinuses best

A

parietocacanthial projection waters method

62
Q

waters method for sinuses will also show

A

foramen rotundum

63
Q

what does the parietoacanthial waters open mouth demonstrate

A

sphenoid sinuses

64
Q

SMV for sinuses are good for looking at

A

sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses

65
Q

which sinuses are best seen on a Caldwell sinus projection

A

frontal

66
Q

largest and densest facial bone

A

mandible

67
Q

superior border of the body of the mandible consists of spongy bone called

A

alveolar portion

68
Q

joints of the teeth are

A

gomorphus

69
Q

upper portions of the petrous ridge lies at the level of

A

TEA

70
Q

how long is the auditory tube

A

1 1/2 inch

71
Q

hoe long is the EAM

A

1 inch

72
Q

where do the semicircular canals lie

A

under the arcuate eminence

73
Q

organ of hearing

A

cochlea

74
Q

organs of equilibrium and balance

A

cochlear and vestibular nerves

RAD PRO III Crainum (3 decks)

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