Mandatory - Health and Safety Flashcards
1
Q
Health and Safety - Extract from Candidate Guide - Aug 2018 (updated Feb 2022)
A
2
Q
What is the purpose of a F10 ?
A
F10 is the code given to the form you need to use to notify the HSE about a construction project. Notifying the HSE about construction work is a legal requirement, but not all construction projects need to be notified, only those that meet the notification thresholds
3
Q
What are the clients responsibilities under cdm ?
A
Commercial client
• Make suitable arrangements for managing a project, including making sure:
• other duty holders are appointed as appropriate
• sufficient time and resources are allocated
• Make sure:
• relevant information is prepared and provided to other duty holders
• the principal designer and principal contractor carry out their duties
• welfare facilities are provided
Domestic Clients
• Though in scope of CDM 2015, their client duties are normally transferred to:
• the contractor for single contractor projects
• the principal contractor for projects with more than one contractor
• However, the domestic client can instead choose to have a written agreement with the principal designer to carry out the client duties.
4
Q
What are the principal contractor responsibilities under cdm ?
A
- Plan, manage, monitor and coordinate health and safety in the construction phase of a project. This includes:
- liaising with the client and principal designer
- preparing the construction phase plan (PDF)
- organizing cooperation between contractors and coordinating their work
- Make sure:
- suitable site inductions are provided
- reasonable steps are taken to prevent unauthorised access
- workers are consulted and engaged in securing their health and safety
- welfare facilities are provided
5
Q
What are the principal designers responsibilities under cdm ?
A
- Plan, manage, monitor and coordinate health and safety in the pre-construction phase of a project. This includes:
- identifying, eliminating or controlling foreseeable risks
- ensuring designers carry out their duties
- Prepare and provide relevant information to other duty holders.
- Liaise with the principal contractor to help in the planning, management, monitoring and coordination of the construction phase.
6
Q
When is CDM applicable ?
A
The CDM regulations apply to every construction project. Even construction work that you might not consider to be a project, like maintenance activities. It doesn’t matter how long (or short) the duration of the work is
7
Q
What is a domestic client ?
A
A domestic client is any individual who has construction work carried out on their home, or the home of a family member, that is not done as part of any business
8
Q
What is CDM ?
A
The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015, also known as CDM Regulations or CDM 2015, which came into force on 6 April 2015, are regulations governing the way construction projects of all sizes and types are planned in the UK
9
Q
What are the changes form 2007 - 2015 in CDM ?
A
- Extending the scope of the regulations to include domestic clients;
- Removing the role of the CDM Co-Ordinator;
- Introducing a new duty holder—the Principal Designer;
- Appointment of principal designer and principal contractor if two or more contractors are on site
- Changing the HSE project notification threshold.
10
Q
What is pre construction information ?
A
“Pre-construction Information” is information that is necessary to provide to tendering Principal Contractors as well as to the design team. This is a requirement of CDM.
11
Q
Who prepares the PCI ?
A
Principal Designer
12
Q
What are the contents of a PCI ?
A
• A description of the project. • Key dates. • Contact details for the project team. • The extent and location of existing information. • Project arrangements: • Planning and managing the construction work. • Communication and liaison. • Security. • Site hoarding. • Site transport. • Permit-to-work systems. • Fire precautions. • Emergency procedures. • Means of escape. • Authorisation requirements. • Confined spaces. • Smoking and parking restrictions. • Safety hazards. • Boundaries and access. • Restrictions on deliveries, waste collection or storage. • Adjacent land uses. • Existing services. • Ground conditions. • Existing structures. • Issues relating to plant and equipment. • Health and safety information in earlier design, construction or ‘as-built’ drawings. • Health hazards. • Asbestos. • Contaminated land. • Client’s activities. • Storage of hazardous materials. • Significant design and construction hazards • Assumptions and working methods. • Arrangements for co-ordination of ongoing design work. • Significant risks identified during design. • Materials requiring particular precautions. •
13
Q
What is a construction phase plan ?
A
The construction phase plan (CPP) records arrangements for managing significant health and safety risks associated with the construction of the project and is the basis for communicating those arrangements to those involved in the construction phase. It outlines the health and safety arrangements and site rules taking into account any industrial activities taking place on site, and, where applicable, must include specific measures concerning any work involving the particular risks.
14
Q
What is a Health and Safety file ?
A
The health and safety file must be appropriate to the characteristics of the project and include a level of detail proportionate to the risks. It should only include relevant information that will be of help when planning future construction work and must be in a convenient form, clear, concise and easily understandable.
The principal designer prepares the health and safety file during the pre-construction phase. They must then ensure it is appropriately reviewed, updated and revised to take account of the construction works and any changes that have occurred.
15
Q
What is a risk assessment ?
A
Risk assessment is a term used to describe the overall process or method where you: Identify hazards and risk factors that have the potential to cause harm (hazard identification). … Determine appropriate ways to eliminate the hazard, or control the risk when the hazard cannot be eliminated (risk control)
16
Q
What is a risk ?
A
A risk is the chance, high or low, that any hazard will actually cause somebody harm. i.e. probability of occurrence
17
Q
What is a hazard ?
A
Something that can cause harm. E.g. electricity, chemicals, working up a ladder, noise etc.…
18
Q
What are the 5 steps for a risk assessment ? IDERR
A
The 5 Steps to Risk Assessment Explained
1: Identify the Hazards.
2: Decide Who Might Be Harmed and How.
3: Evaluate the Risks and Take Action to Prevent Them.
4: Record Your Findings.
5: Review the Risk Assessment.
19
Q
What are the general principles of CDM ?
A
Avoid risks where possible, Evaluate those risks that cannot be avoided, put in place measures that control them at source.
20
Q
What is a notifiable project / criteria ? (3+2=5)
A
When a project lasts longer than 30 days & has more than 20 workers at the same time OR exceeds 500 person days.
21
Q
Who is responsible ?
A
The client
22
Q
What regulations do you need to comply with when undertaking, civil engineering or engineering construction wok ?
A
CDM regulations 2015
23
Q
What regulations relate to health and safety of construction workers ?
A
Construction(design and Management) regulations 2015
24
Q
Who must notify HSE re CDM notifiable project ?
A
If the client is a commercial client, then they must notify HSE, domestic client – notification must be carried out by the: contractor (or principal contractor if there is more than one contractor), principal designer where there is a written agreement that they will carry out the client’s duties
25
What update has there been to the F10?
Online form updated 15 November 2019, You must now enter the details for the client, principal designer and principal contractor. We will no longer accept ‘To be confirmed’ or ‘TBC’ where appointments are unknown.
26
Who are the potential duty holders under CDM 2015 ?
* Client
* Principle Contractor
* Principle Designer
* Designers
* Contractors
* Workers
27
What is section 6 of CDM 2015 ?
The definitions of when a project is notifiable
28
What items would you find within it? (F10)
* It should contain address of construction site
* Name of local authority where the site is located
* Give a brief description of the project and the construction work it entails
* Provide contact details for client, principle designer and Principal Contractor
* Give an indication of the time allowed by the client for the PC to plan and prepare for the construction work
* Give planned date for start of work, duration of construction phase
* Give number of people at work on site at any one time and be signed by the Client.
29
What is the aim of the Construction (Design and management) Regulations?
The aim of the CDM regulations is to ensure Health & Safety is considered throughout the entire project process, from conception all the way through the maintenance and demolition.
30
What are the requirements for a project to be notified to the HSE?
* Over 500 person days.
| * Over 30 working days and over 20 operatives on site at any one time.
31
What are the Client responsibilities under CDM?
* Welfare Facilities are provided.
* The Principal Designer and Principle Contract Carry out their duties.
* The all duty holders are appointed, i.e. Principal Designer and Principal Contractor.
* Provide the Principle Designer with the Pre-construction information.
* Ensure that minimum health and safety standards are maintained on site.
* Ensure that the Construction Phase health and safety plan is drawn up by the Principal Designer.`
32
What are the Principal Designers Responsibilities under CDM?
* Plan and Manage health and safety during the pre-construction phase of the project through designing out risks.
* Identify, eliminate or control all foreseeable risks through design.
* Ensure designers carry out their duties.
* Liaise with the Contractor to help them plan, manage, monitor and coordinate health and safety in the construction phase.
* Prepare and provide relevant information to other duty holders.
33
What are the Principal Contractors Duties under CDM?
* Plan and manage the Construction Phase.
* Prepare a Construction Phase Plan.
* Ensure there are site inductions.
* Reasonable steps are taken to prevent unauthorised access.
* Welfare facilities are provided.
* Ensure that suitable site conditions are provided.
34
What is the document the RICS have produced in relation to health and safety?
Surveying Safely 2nd Edition (Nov 2018)
35
Can you give me the key components of that? (Surveying Safely)
* ‘Safe Person’ concept introduced within the 2nd edition.
* Assessing hazards and risks (risk management, assessing risk, risk assessments)
* Places of works (risks relating to building age, location, use etc.)
* Occupation hygiene (hazardous substances e.g. asbestos, working environment e.g. Lighting)
* Visiting premises of sites (lone working, condition of the property being visited)
36
What is Surveying safely guide about?
How to assess hazards and risks as well as the concept of managing the risk. It covers general activities associated with places of work, occupational health and safety, what to do when visiting jobs, fire safety, residential surveys and procurement of contractors.
37
What is the safe working concept?
Each individual assumes individual responsibility for themselves and that of others who may be affected by their acts or omissions.
38
What is Surveying safely guide about?
How to assess hazards and risks as well as the concept of managing the risk. It covers general activities associated with places of work, occupational health and safety, what to do when visiting jobs, fire safety, residential surveys and procurement of contractors.
39
What is the safe working concept?
Each individual assumes individual responsibility for themselves and that of others
40
What is a method statement ?
Method statements are documents that detail exactly how to carry out work safely. When it comes to ensuring building site health and safety, method statements are key.
The purpose of method statements is to describe the safety precautions to put in place to control risks identified in the risk assessment. They detail the equipment to use during projects, and the control equipment and PPE required to keep workers and site visitors safe while tasks are ongoing.
41
What is an accident ?
Accident is an unintended, normally unwanted event that was not directly caused by humans. The term accident implies that nobody should be blamed, but the event may have been caused by unrecognized or unaddressed risks.
42
What do you consider when writing a Risk Assessment?
* Identify all risks
* Determine who might be harmed by the identified risk.
* Evaluate the risk and decide on precautions.
* Record your findings
* Review your risk assessment and update if necessary.
43
What goes into a Method Statement?
* Working systems to be used.
* Arrangements for access.
* Arrangements for protecting the safety of members of the public.
* Plant and Equipment to be used.
* Procedures to ensure compliance with CDM Regulations etc.
* Procedures to prevent local pollution.
44
What form do you use for asbestos notifications ?
ASB5 -HSE
45
What are the main types of asbestos ?
* Chrysotile,
* Amosite
* Crocidolite
46
What are the types of asbestos surveys ?
Management survey
The Management Survey purpose is required to manage ACM during the normal occupation and use of premises. The duty-holder can make a Management Survey where the premises are simple and straightforward. Otherwise, a surveyor is needed.
A Management Survey aims to ensure that:
• nobody is harmed by the continuing presence of ACM in the premises or equipment
• that the ACM remain in good condition
• that nobody disturbs it accidentally
The Survey must locate ACM that could be damaged or disturbed by normal activities, by foreseeable maintenance, or by installing new equipment. It involves minor intrusion and minor asbestos disturbance to make a Materials Assessment. This shows the ability of ACM, if disturbed, to release fibers into the air. It guides the client, e.g. in prioritizing any remedial work.
Refurbishment / demolition survey
The Refurbishment / demolition Survey is required where the premises, or part of it, need upgrading, refurbishment or demolition. The Survey does not need a record of the ACM condition. Normally, a surveyor is needed for Refurbishment / demolition Surveys.
A Refurbishment / demolition Survey aims to ensure that:
• nobody will be harmed by work on ACM in the premises or equipment
• such work will be done by the right contractor in the right way
The Survey must locate and identify all ACM before any structural work begins at a stated location or on stated equipment at the premises. It involves destructive inspection and asbestos disturbance. The area surveyed must be vacated, and certified 'fit for reoccupation' after the survey.
47
What are some asbestos related diseases ?
* Asbestos diseases are caused by exposure to asbestos fibers.
* Malignant asbestos diseases include mesothelioma, lung cancer, ovarian cancer and laryngeal cancer.
* Nonmalignant asbestos diseases include asbestosis, COPD, pleural plaques, pleural thickening, pleural effusion and atelectasis.
48
What year did the use of asbestos in building materials generally end?
1999
49
A bit of a morbid and sobering fact, but, how many tradespeople, on average, die EVERY WEEK from asbestos-related diseases?
20
50
Where do you get asbestos from?
It is naturally occurring in the ground and open pit mined
51
Name some materials you can find Asbestos in?
* Loose fill insulation
* Asbestos Insulating board ceiling tiles
* Asbestos cement corrugated sheet
* Asbestos cement downpipes
* Gas / Electric meter backing boards
* Asbestos cement water tanks
* Asbestos Insulating
* board bath panels
* lagging on pipes
* Artex textured coatings
* Asbestos Insulating board panelling
* Asbestos Insulating board soffits
* Vinyl floor tiles
* Asbestos cement panels
* Toilet seats & cisterns
52
What is Asbestos ?
A term used to refer to six naturally occurring silicate minerals.
53
What Regulations are in force in relation to asbestos ?
Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012
54
What is an asbestos management plan ?
Who is responsible for managing asbestos; the asbestos register you have just made; plans for work on asbestos materials; the schedule for monitoring the materials' condition; telling people about your decisions
55
in general what does the RICS guide to surveying safely say about asbestos ?
It is necessary to identify ACMs and to produce a management plan for preventing exposure to asbestos.
56
What survey would be required prior to starting any works on an existing building ?
Refurbishment and Demolition survey (R&D)
57
When was asbestos banned ?
1999
58
What is the difference between a management survey and a R & D survey ?
The purpose of the management survey is to manage asbestos-containing materials (ACM) during the normal occupation and use of premises. The duty-holder can make a management survey where the premises are simple and straightforward.
The refurbishment / demolition survey is required where the premises, or part of it, need upgrading, refurbishment or demolition. The survey does not need a record of the condition of asbestos-containing materials (ACM). Normally, a surveyor is needed for refurbishment / demolition surveys.
59
Who are the duty holders under the Control of Asbestos Regulations ?
The duty holder is the owner of the non-domestic premises or the person or organisation that has clear responsibility for the maintenance or repair of non-domestic premises, for example through an explicit agreement such as a tenancy agreement or contract.
60
What are the key principles of Control of Asbestos Regs ?
* Applies to employers and employees working in asbestos related situations
* Places a duty on employers to provide adequate PPE, protect employees from exposure and provide procedures in the event of exposure
* It places a duty on employees to follow the rules and procedures and report incidents to the relevant authorities.
61
What is licensed work?
Where exposure to asbestos is not low and where the control limit exceeds 0.1 fibers/cm3/hour. When work will take more than one hour in a two hour period over 7 days.
62
What is unlicensed work?
Must be sporadic and low intensity and not exceed 0.6 fibers/cm3 per 10 minutes. Short non continuous maintenance with non-friable material. Removal where ACM’s are in reasonable condition, where ACM is in good condition and being sealed
63
How do you identify Asbestos?
By knowing the age of a property, you can determine the likelihood of asbestos being used. I am not an asbestos surveyor to definitively comment on its location and would advise for a management/r&d survey to be carried out.
64
What are the three main types of Asbestos?
* White, Chrysotile.
* Brown, Amosite.
* Blue, Crocidolite.
65
What does this Act impose on employers?
* A duty to manage asbestos on the premises
* Employers must undertake a Risk Assessment before commencing work around asbestos.
* They must produce a plan of works detailing how the work is due to be carried out.
* Prevent and reduce worked exposure to Asbestos.
66
What is asbestos?
A fibrous form of natural material, that doesn't rot, is insoluble and non-flammable.
67
What was asbestos used as?
* Insulation
* Ceiling Tiles
* Roof Sheets
* Lagging on boilers and pipework
* Floor Tiles
* etc
68
When must a Licensed Contractor be used to remove asbestos?
* When there is high exposure to asbestos.
* When the Risk Assessment cannot clearly demonstrate control.
* When there are asbestos coated materials, such as when removing asbestos sprayed coatings and works that will disturb asbestos pipe lagging.
69
When is a licensed contractor required to work with asbestos?
* Where there is continuous exposure to Asbestos.
* When the Risk Assessment cannot clearly demonstrate control.
* When there are asbestos coatings'. removal of pipe lagging and asbestos insulation.
70
When must the HSE be notified regarding Asbestos?
* All licensed work must be notified to the HSE.
* Non-licensed work such as the removal of asbestos cement products where the product is substantially damaged.
* Removal of asbestos insulation boards.
* Large scale removal of asbestos.
71
What is RIDDOR ?
RIDDOR is the law that requires employers, and other people in charge of work premises, to report and keep records of: work-related accidents which cause deaths work-related accidents which cause certain serious injuries (reportable injuries) diagnosed cases of certain industrial diseases; and certain 'dangerous occurrences' (incidents with the potential to cause harm)
72
What are the RIDDOR reporting timescales ?
* A report must be received within 10 days of the incident.
* For accidents resulting in the over-seven-day incapacitation of a worker, you must notify the enforcing authority within 15 days of the incident, using the appropriate online form
73
What are reporting injuries ?
* The death of a person
* specified injuries to workers
* over seven day incapacitation of a worker
* over three day incapacitation
* non fatal accidents to non workers
* Occupational diseases
* Dangerous occurrences
* Gas incidents
74
When would you report an incident under RIDDOR?
Death, specific injuries, over 7 day incapacitation, non fatal accidents to public.
75
What does RIDDOR stand for?
Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995. (RIDDOR) require the ‘responsible person’ to notify any death, reportable injury, disease or dangerous occurrence to the HSE (on line or by phone for death and serious injuries). The responsible person is the employer or, for the self employed, the contractor or principal contractor.
76
What is COSHH ?
COSHH is the law that requires employers to control substances that are hazardous to health. You can prevent or reduce workers exposure to hazardous substances
77
What are the requirements regarding COSHH ?
* finding out what the health hazards are;
* deciding how to prevent harm to health (risk assessment);
* providing control measures to reduce harm to health;
* making sure they are used ;
* keeping all control measures in good working order;
* providing information, instruction and training for employees and others;
* providing monitoring and health surveillance in appropriate cases;
* planning for emergencies.
78
Give me an example of when you have come across COSHH ?
Specific to candidate. At project X i ensure the contractor had the correct safety data sheets for the chemicals being used including the PPE and first aid requirements.
79
Who should supply the SDS ?
The supplier
80
When were the new international symbols introduced (COSHH)?
2009
81
Where should hazardous substances be stored ?
Within a suitable COSHH cupboard
82
When handling chemical what should you consider ?
* Read the labels
* Keep well ventilate
* Use PPE as required
* etc
83
What is the HSE COSHH tool called ?
COSHH E Tool
84
What year was the publication of the current COSHH Regulations ?
2002
85
What is COSHH?
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health
86
What is the HASAWA ?
The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that as of 2011 defines the fundamental structure and authority for the encouragement, regulation and enforcement of workplace health, safety and welfare within the United Kingdom
87
Under the General Principles of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, an Employee should specifically do what?
* Take responsible care for their own safety
* Follow the training received
* Take responsible care for other people's Safety
* Cooperate with their employer regarding Health and Safety
* Tell someone if through a working practice a Health and Safety risk is identified
88
What is they key H&S legislation in the UK ?
Health and safety at work act 1974
89
What does reasonably practical mean ?
A decision based on access the cost, time and effort relative to the company.
90
What are the penalties under the H&S act 1974 ?
* Unlimited fines
* Up to 2 years imprisonment(or more for corporate or gross negligence)
* Directors disqualified for life
91
What is a method statement ?
A document that details the way a work task or process is to be completed. This should also outline hazards and a step by step guide.
92
What is a risk assessment ?
Identifying the hazards and associate likelihood harm which results in control measures being put in place.
93
If you set up a firm and there were 5 or more in the firm, what would you need to have in place?
A Health and Safety Policy and risk assessments
94
Under the General Principles of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, an Employee should specifically do what?
* Take responsible care for their own safety
* Follow the training received
* Take responsible care for other people's Safety
* Cooperate with their employer regarding Health and Safety
* Tell someone if through a working practice a Health and Safety risk is identified
95
What are your individual responsibilities under the H & S at work act 1974 ?
* Take responsibility for your own H&S and that of other or anyone in your supervision
* Co-operate with the employer to minimize risk to self, colleagues and other potentially affected by your act or omissions
* Report actual or perceived breaches in good time
* Carry out risk assessments
* Wear PPE that is provided
* Undertake provided staff training.
96
What is the significance of the Health and Safety at work act?
It provides the legal framework to promote, stimulate and encourage high standards of h&s. It protects employees and the public from work activities.
97
What is the aim of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974?
* To secure the health, safety and wellbeing of all people at work.
* To protect people against risks from work activities.
98
Give me some examples of the general requirements of the Working at Height regulations which apply to the work you undertake/manage.
* Avoid work at height where it is reasonably practicable to do so;
* Where work at height cannot be avoided, prevent falls using either an existing
* Place of work that is already safe or the right type of equipment;
* Minimize the distance and consequences of a fall, by using the right type of equipment where the risk cannot be eliminated.
99
What information might you have expected to see on the Scaff tag?
* Date of inspection
* Time of inspection
* Inspected by
* Contact no
100
How frequently would you expect a scaffold to be inspected?(scaffolding)
Every 7 days
101
What are the Working at Height Regulations?
The main principle is to avoid working at height where possible by using extended tools rather than ladders. The purpose is to prevent death and injury caused by falling and the rules apply to all employers.
102
What makes you competent to comment on the safety of the scaffolding?
I'm not but I was able to review the Method Statement and flag issues that had not been considered and I raised it with the project leader who raised the concerns with the contractor.
103
What is the management of the health and safety at work act ?
The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (the Management Regulations) generally make more explicit what employers are
required to do to manage health and safety under the Health and Safety at Work Act. Like the Act, they apply to every work activity.
See HSE hsc13
104
What are the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999?
Requires employers to carry out risk assessments, make arrangements to implement necessary measures, appoint competent people and arrange for appropriate information and training
105
What does the Management of Health and Safety at Work act 1999 do?
Placed a duty on employers to assess and manage risks to their employees and others, arising from work activities.
106
How do employers manage the health and safety of their employers, as per the Management of health and Safety at Work Act 1999?
* Through the Risk Assessments and Method Statements.
| * Ensuring that employees understand their obligations relating to their health and safety.
107
What is Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 ?
The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 is a United Kingdom Statutory Instrument that stipulates general requirements on accommodation standards for nearly all workplaces.
The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 cover a wide range of basic health, safety and welfare issues and apply to most workplaces (except those involving construction work on construction sites, those in or on a ship, or those below ground at a mine).
See HSE - https://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l24.pdf
108
What is PPE ?
Personal Protective Equipment
109
What are the different levels of PPE ?
Simple, Intermediate, Complex - all depend on the level of instruction required. Ranging from safety boots to a full body harness.
110
What is the definition of PPE ?
PPE is equipment that will protect the user against health or safety risks at work
111
How frequent are inspection intervals for man riding equipment ?
6 months
112
What is PPE?
PPE - 3 elevsl simple, intermediate, and complex
113
What PPE might you normally take when visiting a building site?
* Hi Vis
* Steel toe cap boots
* Hard hat
* Gloves
* Mask
* Harness
* Hand sanitizer
* etc
114
What are PPE Regulations 1992?
States that where risks cannot be controlled by other means, PPE should be correctly identified and used. Employers must provide appropriate PPE to their staff and places a duty on employees to use PPE appropriately.
115
What does the UK PPE standards abbreviation CE stand for ?
Conformity European
116
What is legionnaires disease ?
Potentially fatal form of pneumonia cased by legionella bacteria dispersed into the atmosphere. Cause by standing water in pipes.
117
What is a SDS ?
• An SDS (formerly known as MSDS) includes information such as the properties of each chemical; the physical, health, and environmental health hazards; protective measures; and safety precautions for handling, storing, and transporting the chemical.
• It provides guidance for each specific chemical on things such as:
o Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
o First aid procedures
o Spill clean-up procedures
118
What is a risk assessment ?
An assessment of a specific type of work/hazard/process looking at both the like hood and potential consequence which can be assessed using a matrix
119
What is a method statement ?
A document that details how to complete a specific task safely, also detailing suitable PPE, number of people required etc.
120
What is a health and safety file ?
The Health and Safety File is a requirement of The Construction (Design & Management) Regulations 2015, and is a record of information for the Client, or End User, regarding a site or structure, which focuses on health and safety. The information it contains will alert those who are responsible for the structure of the key health and safety risks that will need to be dealt with during subsequent maintenance, repair, cleaning, demolition, and construction work.
It can also provide information for future projects/works and is useful to:
* Clients who have a duty to provide information about their premises;
* Designers during the development of future designs;
* Those preparing pre-construction information for future work; and
* Principal Contractor/Contractors preparing to carry out or manage this work.
The CDM Health & Safety File can provide significant benefits to the Client by minimizing the cost of future work. It is a key part of the pre-construction information that the Client is required to provide for future projects under the CDM Regulations. The File should therefore be kept up to date following any relevant work, surveys etc.
121
What is a O &M file ?
O&M manual contents AKA “operation and maintenance manual” (O&M manual), is a file that contains all the information required for the operation, maintenance, decommissioning and demolition of a building or structure.
122
What is included in a O&M file ?
* Details descriptions covering the main design or architecture principles.
* Lists of the building’s construction guidelines (incl. specs, finishes, cladding, doors and windows, roof construction etc.).
* Versions and revisions to drawings and specifications.
* Detailed instructions for its operation and maintenance (covering health and safety documents, equipment and manufacturers’ instructions for efficient and proper operation).
* A complete asset register of all plant and equipment installed.
* Documentation on commissioning and various testing results.
* The inclusion of warranties, guarantees and certifications.
* Outlines or instructions related to upkeep, maintenance, operation, demolition, decommissioning and disposal.
123
What is a construction phase plan ?
A Construction Phase Plan is a key document that details the health and safety risks associated with the construction phase of the project and the control measures that will be implemented to minimize risks or where possible, eliminate them.
124
What is included in a construction phase plan ?
* A project description. This should cover the scope of work and important dates and deadlines
* Management of the work
* Arrangements for controlling significant site risks
* The health and safety file
* Significant design and construction hazards
125
What is the hierarchy of control ?
Hierarchy of hazard control is a system used in industry to minimize or eliminate exposure to hazards.
* Elimination
* Substitution
* Engineering Controls
* Administrative Controls
* PPE
126
What is the safe to torch campaign ?
Safe2Torch is an NFRC campaign developed in partnership with contractor and manufacturer members of the NFRC, seeks to significantly reduce the risk of roof fires when using gas torches, either to dry out roofs or when used to install torch-on membranes.
127
How do you define competence ?
```
SKATE
• Skills
• Knowledge
• Attitude
• Training
• Experience
```
128
What additional guidance could you seek in relation to access ?
* Part M
* Equality act
* BS8300 - Design of an accessible and inclusive built environment. Buildings - code of practice
129
What is BS8300 ?
British Standard - Design of an accessible and inclusive built environment. Buildings - code of practice
130
Who is the HSE and what do they do?
Health and Safety Executive. They are Britain’s independent regulator for workplace health and safety. It prevents work-related death, injury and ill health.
131
What is a Risk/Hazard?
* A Hazard is something that has the potential to cause harm.
* A Risk is the chance of something happening which could be a percentage.
132
How are risks managed on site?
* Review the risk assessment
* Follow the rules of the contractor enforced by the site manager such as PPE and working at height.
* If I have concerns, I will raise this with the site manager
133
How did/do you carry out a Risk Assessment ?
I reviewed the documents online and available in the project file to identify what works had been carried out to the unit to make an educated assumption on the likelihood of asbestos being used. This lead me to advise the client that an R&D survey should be carried out to confirm any asbestos.
134
What documents safeguard h&s over the lifespan of a project?
* Pre construction phase plan,
* Health and safety file
* Construction phase plan
* RAMS
135
Are you aware of any RICS documents on H&S?
RICS Surveying safely: health and safety principles for property professionals 2nd Ed Nov 2018
136
What are the main points noted within the RICS Guidance Notes for Surveying Safely?
* Personal and corporate responsibility
* Legal considerations and duties
* Assessing hazards and risks
* Property professional’s place of work
* Occupational Health
* Visiting premises and sites
* Procurement and management of contractors and construction works.
137
What are the key health and safety regulations you are aware of?
* COSHH – Control of Substances Hazardous to Heath 2002
* RIDDOR – Reporting incidents, diseases and dangerous occurrences regulations 2013
* Health and Safety at Work Act 1974
* PPE Regulations 1992
* Working at Height Regulations 2005
* Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012
* CDM 2015
* Regulatory Reform Fire Safety Order 2005
138
Health and Safety at Work Act 1975:
* Primary Legislation covering occupational health and safety
* Defines general duties for employees and employers
* Makes employers responsible for ensuring the health and safety of the office.
139
Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1992
* Set out broad general duties aimed at improving health and safety management and cover:
* Risk Assessments
* Health and Safety arrangements
* Health surveillance
* Procedures for serious and imminent danger
* Capabilities and training.
140
What were the key changes to CDM Regulations in the 2015 amendment?
* The CDMC has been replaced with the Principal Designer
* Construction Phase Plan is required for ALL projects now, not just notifiable
* Applies to domestic clients now
* If there is more than one contractor, a PD must be appointed
* F10 Requirements: A project is notifiable if the project lasts over 30 days and more than 20 workers at the same time or 500 person days.
141
What are the Client’s Duties?
* Must appoint a PD and PC with suitable knowledge
* Allow sufficient time for the different stages
* Notify HSE
* Make Sure PD and PC carry out their duties
* Ensure site welfare
* Ensure Construction Phase Plan in place
* Ensure Health and Safety File is prepared.
142
What are the Principal Contractor Duties?
* Manage Health and Safety risks during the construction phase
* Plan, manage, monitor
* Prepare Construction Phase Plan
* Ensure site welfare and inductions
* Check all the staff on the project are competent
143
What is a F10 ?
* Document is submitted by the PD on behalf of the client to the HSE notifying them of a construction project
* Must be displayed on site notice board
* Components: - Description, Duty holder details, client declaration, working hours
* Submitted when a project exceeds the notifiable thresholds (A project is notifiable if the project lasts over 30 days and more than 20 workers at the same time or 500 person days)
144
Can you expand on the Working at height regulations 2005 ?
* Aims to eliminate or reduce accidents associated with working at height
* Ensure staff are trained to use ladders, scaffolding and how to be safe at height
* Requirement for Risk Assessment and Method Statement
* Keep ladders and scaffolding secure
145
What documents safeguard health and safety over the life of the project?
* Pre Construction Phase Plan – produced by the PD
* Construction Phase Plan – produced by the contractor
* Health and Safety file – produced by the PD – documents useful for the planning of future works or maintenance of the property, description of works, any residual hazards, structural principles, hazardous materials
146
Can you expand on your knowledge of the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 ?
* Puts onus on the duty holders to manage the asbestos and protect people using the building from the risks.
* Should be managed by carrying out an Asbestos Survey before work starts unless you are certain it isn’t there.
147
What is Asbestos?
* Fibrous mineral used in different products, mainly lagging, insulation and cement in the 19th century. It was banned in 1999.
* It was used as it had good sound absorption, fire resistance, strengthening and insulative properties.
* Three main types: Chrysolite (White), Amosite (Brown) and Crocidolite (Blue)
148
What is Licensed Work (Asbestos) ?
Work can only be carried out by a licensed contractor. Usually for high risk asbestos products. Must notify the HSE/LA 14 days prior to removal.
149
What is Non Licensed Work (Asbestos) ?
Low intensity and short duration with asbestos in reasonable condition. Work cannot exceed limit of 0.1fibres/cm3 in the air..
150
What is Notifiable Non Licensed Work (Asbestos) ?
Work involving removal of damaged ACM’s. Contractor must notify HSE/LA before carrying out.
151
What are the main aim of the CDM Regs?
Intended to ensure that the health and safety issues are properly considered during a projects development so that the risk of harm to those who have to build, use and maintain structures is reduced.
152
What were the reasons for the 2015 change (CDM)?
* Existing 2007 regs were viewed as being over-interpreted.
* The existing pre-construction phase was not always embedded.
* Persistent unacceptable standards for H&S particularly on smaller site
153
What were the key changes (CDM 2015) ?
* Simplification of the regulations to make it easier to understand.
* Replace CDMC with PD
* Splitting competence assessment into each organisation.
* Removing exemption for domestic clients but passing their duties to the contractor.
154
How are projects notified (CDM)?
Submit an F10 form to the HSE
155
What would you find in the Health and Safety File?
* Description of works
* Hazards that have not been eliminated through design and construction
* Key structural principles and safe working loads for floors and roofs
* Hazardous materials
* Information regarding the removal or dismantling of plant and equipment.
* Health and safety info about equipment provided for maintenance
* Nature, location and markings of significant services.
* As built drawings including plant and equipment.
* Health and safety file should always be updated
156
What is in the Buildings O&M manual?
* Description of main design principles.
* Details of buildings construction
* As built drawings
* Instructions for its operation and maintenances including manufacturers instructions
* Asset register for plant and equipment
* Commissioning and testing results
* Guarantees, warranties and certificates.
157
Why was it used in buildings (Asbestos) ?
Became popular in the late 19th Century because of its sound absorption, tensile strength, resistance to fire, heat, electrical and chemical damage and it was affordable
158
Where is it likely to be found (Asbestos)?
Mainly 1950-1970’s buildings including concrete roof sheets, lagging, tiles, between door frames. It is carcinogenic and needs to be removed if there is a risk of fibers being released. If it is not feasible to remove it, it can be encapsulated.
159
What regulations apply to Asbestos and what duties do these regulations impose and on whom?
CAR (Control of Asbestos Regulations) 2012 under the Health and safety at work Act 1974, requires the duty holder to manage asbestos in non domestic premises and every person has a responsibility to cooperate in compliance. Duty to record all existing ACMS and remove where necessary and keep up to date records.
160
Does CAR cover residential properties?
Do not apply to domestic premises but common parts of flats are not part of a dwelling and do fall under the regulations.
161
What should the duty holder do (Asbestos)?
Take reasonable steps to determine the location and type of asbestos and make a register and produce a management pan to assess the risk of exposure.
162
What guidance has the HSE produced (Asbestos) ?
HSG264: The survey guide. They have guidance sheets online for different types of asbestos and if it is licensed or not.
163
What types of samples are taken (Asbestos)?
* Bulk Samples – suspected ACM taken and analyzed in a lab to determine the type and amount of fibers.
* Air testing – collection of fibers using a filter which is microscopically analyzed. Requirement is 0.01 fibers per m/l of air.
164
What angle would you set your ladders ?
1:4 - 75 degrees
| 3 points of contact
165
What are the three main types of asbestos works ?
* Licensed Removals - Must be notified via the ASB5 form at least 14 days before the work starts. Works undertaken by a Licensed Contractor. Undertake 4 stage clearance and obtain Certificate for Re-occupation. Air Testing: Lowest limit of detection is 0.01f/ml.
* Non-Licensed Removals - No need to notify HSE, Unlicensed contractor, Competent contractor and controlled conditions in line with HSE guidance, removed from site by licensed hazardous waste carrier, Taken to licensed tip.
* Notifiable Non-Licensed Removals - Works require notification but do not require a licensed contractor to undertake the removals.
166
What is a Re-occupation Test ?
Series of tests carried out after Licensed Asbestos Removals. Before the area is handed back to the Client. It is a legal requirement of Regulation 17 of CAR 2012.
167
What is a PCI ?
* PCI is a document required under CDM
* It is required on all construction projects
* It is produced by the Principal Designer
* It is used to provide relevant information about the health and safety hazards associated with a construction project.
* Should be given to the Principal Contractor to allow preparation of the Construction Phase Plan.
168
What is Construction Phase Plan ?
* A CPP is a document required under CDM
* It is required on all construction projects
* It is produced by the Principal Contractor
* It is used to plan and manage construction work safely
169
What should an effective complaints handling procedure be ?
* Be fit for purpose – it should reflect the size and structure of the business
* Made available to all staff – a CHP is intended to provide clarity and consistency to staff and clients
* Be understood by all staff – keep records of staff training
* Readily be shared with complainants or potential complainants – supplying them with a copy should be routine
* Be regularly reviewed at a senior level – record evidence of review, to include reviewer details and review date
* Be agreed with PII brokers/provider(s) – the CHP should reflect processes that do not compromise PII cover and
• ADR - Provide details of access to independent redress if the
firm cannot resolve the complaint.
170
Asbestos, what are the types of works ?
Licensed work - higher risk - Removing loose fill insulation
Non licensed work - Lower risk work - Encapsulation of good condition ACM's
Notifiable non licensed work - Notify to LA - Removal of asbestos cement roof
171
What form do you need to submit to HSE for licensed asbestos work ?
ASB5
172
What is the hierarchy of risk control ? ERICPD
* Eliminate
* Reduce
* Isolate
* Control
* PPE
* Discipline
173
Can you please expand on your knowledge of Construction (design and Management) regulations ?
Intended to ensure that the health and safety issues are properly considered during a projects development so that the risk of harm to those who have to build, use and maintain structures is reduced.
174
Can you please expand on your knowledge of RIDDOR 2013 ?
RIDDOR is the law that requires employers, and other people in charge of work premises, to report and keep records of: work-related accidents which cause deaths work-related accidents which cause certain serious injuries (reportable injuries) diagnosed cases of certain industrial diseases; and certain 'dangerous occurrences' (incidents with the potential to cause harm)
175
Who are the duty holders under CDM 2015 ?
* Commercial client
* Residential client
* Contractor
* Principal contractor
* Designer
* Principal designer
176
What role do you fit into for CDM ?
Principal designer
177
What are the responsibility's of the duty holders under CDM ?
Commercial clients – Organisations or individuals for whom a construction project is carried out that is done as part of a business.
• Make suitable arrangements for managing a project, including making sure:
• other duty holders are appointed as appropriate
• sufficient time and resources are allocated
• Make sure:
• relevant information is prepared and provided to other duty holders
• the principal designer and principal contractor carry out their duties
• welfare facilities are provided
Domestic clients – People who have construction work carried out on their own home (or the home of a family member) that is not done as part of a business.**
• Though in scope of CDM 2015, their client duties are normally transferred to:
• the contractor for single contractor projects
• the principal contractor for projects with more than one contractor
• However, the domestic client can instead choose to have a written agreement with the principal designer to carry out the client duties.
Designers - Organisations or individuals who as part of a business, prepare or modify designs for a building, product or system relating to construction work.
• When preparing or modifying designs, eliminate, reduce or control foreseeable risks that may arise during:
• construction
• the maintenance and use of a building once it is built
• Provide information to other members of the project team to help them fulfil their duties.
Principal designers - Designers appointed by the client in projects involving more than one contractor. They can be an organisation or an individual with sufficient knowledge, experience and ability to carry out the role.
• Plan, manage, monitor and coordinate health and safety in the pre-construction phase of a project. This includes:
• identifying, eliminating or controlling foreseeable risks
• ensuring designers carry out their duties
• Prepare and provide relevant information to other duty holders.
• Liaise with the principal contractor to help in the planning, management, monitoring and coordination of the construction phase.
Principal contractors – Contractors appointed by the client to coordinate the construction phase of a project where it involves more than one contractor. Plan, manage, monitor and coordinate health and safety in the construction phase of a project. This includes:
• liaising with the client and principal designer
• preparing the construction phase plan (PDF)
• organising cooperation between contractors and coordinating their work
• Make sure:
• suitable site inductions are provided
• reasonable steps are taken to prevent unauthorised access
• workers are consulted and engaged in securing their health and safety
• welfare facilities are provided
Contractors – Those who carry out the actual construction work, contractors can be an individual or a company.
• Plan, manage and monitor construction work under their control so it is carried out without risks to health and safety.
• For projects involving more than one contractor, coordinate their activities with others in the project team – in particular, comply with directions given to them by the principal designer or principal contractor.
• For single contractor projects, prepare a construction phase plan (PDF) .
Workers – Those working for or under the control of contractors on a construction site.
• Workers must:
• be consulted about matters which affect their health, safety and welfare
• take care of their own health and safety, and of others who might be affected by their actions
• report anything they see which is likely to endanger either their own or others' health and safety
• cooperate with their employer, fellow workers, contractors and other duty holders
178
When is a project notifiable ? What information do you submit ?
Last longer than 30 working days and have more than 20 workers working at the same time at any point on the project or. exceed 500 person days
179
Are you aware of the HASAWA 1974 ?
The Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 is the primary piece of legislation covering occupational health and safety in Great Britain. It's sometimes referred to as HSWA, the HSW Act, the 1974 Act or HASAWA. It sets out the general duties which:
• employers have towards employees and members of the public
• employees have to themselves and to each other
• certain self-employed have towards themselves and others
180
What is the management of the HASAWA ?
The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 were introduced to reinforce the Health and Safety Act 1974. They explicitly outline what employers are required to do to manage health and safety and apply to every work activity. The regulations place a set of duties on employers and employees to maintain a safe and healthy workplace.
181
What is the hierarchy of control ? ERICPD
* Elimination
* Replace
* Isolate
* Control
* PPE
* Discipline
182
What is a risk assessment ?
Risk assessment is the process of evaluating risks to workers' safety and health from workplace hazards. It is a systematic examination of all aspects of work that considers:
• what could cause injury or harm;
• whether the hazards could be eliminated and, if not;
• what preventive or protective measures are, or should be, in place to control the risks.
183
What is a method statement ?
Method statements are documents that detail exactly how to carry out work safely. When it comes to ensuring building site health and safety, method statements are key.
The purpose of method statements is to describe the safety precautions to put in place to control risks identified in the risk assessment. They detail the equipment to use during projects, and the control equipment and PPE required to keep workers and site visitors safe while tasks are ongoing.
184
What is a control measure ?
Control measures include actions that can be taken to reduce the potential of exposure to the hazard, or the control measure could be to remove the hazard or to reduce the likelihood of the risk of the exposure to that hazard being realised.
185
Can you expand on the requirement for a FA at work qualification ?
This is dependant on the industry and the risk attached to determine the proposed no of first aiders, we have two in the office.
186
What is a CCNSG safety passport ?
A construction minimum standard for site health and safety
187
What is surveying safely ?
RICS Guidance note - This guidance note sets out basic, good practice principles for the management of health and safety for RICS-regulated firms and RICS members. It sets out principles for those engaged in the built environment as property professionals and includes health and safety responsibilities:
188
What is CAR 2012 ?
Applies to employers and employees working in asbestos related situations. Places a duty on employers to provide adequate PPE, protect employees from exposure and provide procedures in the event of exposure. It places a duty on employees to follow the rules and procedures and report incidents to the relevant authorities.
189
What are the main types of asbestos ?
Chrysotile - white, Crocidolite- blue, Amosite - brown
190
When it asbestos ?
A term used to refer to six naturally occurring silicate minerals.
191
When was it banned ?
1999
192
What are the types of survey (Asbestos)?
The purpose of the management survey is to manage asbestos-containing materials (ACM) during the normal occupation and use of premises. The duty-holder can make a management survey where the premises are simple and straightforward.
The refurbishment / demolition survey is required where the premises, or part of it, need upgrading, refurbishment or demolition. The survey does not need a record of the condition of asbestos-containing materials (ACM). Normally, a surveyor is needed for refurbishment / demolition surveys.
193
What are the PPE Regs 2012 ?
States that where risks cannot be controlled by other means, PPE should be correctly identified and used. Employers must provide appropriate PPE to their staff and places a duty on employees to use PPE appropriately.
194
What are the PPE Regs 2012 ?
States that where risks cannot be controlled by other means, PPE should be correctly identified and used. Employers must provide appropriate PPE to their staff and places a duty on employees to use PPE appropriately.
195
What is the WAH R 2005 ?
The main principle is to avoid working at height where possible by using extended tools rather than ladders. The purpose is to prevent death and injury caused by falling and the rules apply to all employers.
196
What is RIDDOR ?
RIDDOR is the law that requires employers, and other people in charge of work premises, to report and keep records of: work-related accidents which cause deaths work-related accidents which cause certain serious injuries (reportable injuries) diagnosed cases of certain industrial diseases; and certain 'dangerous occurrences' (incidents with the potential to cause harm)
197
What is a reportable injury (RIDDOR)?
* The death of a person
* Specified injuries to workers
* Over seven day incapacitation of a worker
* Over three day incapacitation
* Non fatal accidents to non workers
* Occupational diseases
* Dangerous occurrences
* Gas incidents
198
What is the legislation in relation to asbestos ?
CAR 2012
199
When does CDM apply ?
Every construction Project
200
What are the 5 steps to a risk assessment ?
* 1: Identify the Hazards.
* 2: Decide Who Might Be Harmed and How.
* 3: Evaluate the Risks and Take Action to Prevent Them.
* 4: Record Your Findings.
* 5: Review the Risk Assessment.
201
What is a deleterious material ?
The term 'deleterious materials' is a broad one, encompassing not only materials that are dangerous to health or which are the causes of failures in buildings, but increasingly, materials which are environmentally damaging. Lists of deleterious materials may be prohibited in appointment documents or construction contracts.
202
How does CDM differ between commercial and residential projects ?
In residential clients the duties are normally transfer to either the principal contractor or the principal designer.
203
What does the role of the PD include ?
* Plan, manage, monitor and coordinate health and safety in the pre-construction phase. In doing so they must take account of relevant information (such as an existing health and safety file) that might affect design work carried out both before and after the construction phase has started
* Help and advise the client in bringing together pre-construction information, and provide the information designers and contractors need to carry out their duties
* Work with any other designers on the project to eliminate foreseeable health and safety risks to anyone affected by the work and, where that is not possible, take steps to reduce or control those risks
* Ensure that everyone involved in the pre-construction phase communicates and cooperates, coordinating their work wherever required
* Liaise with the principal contractor, keeping them informed of any risks that need to be controlled during the construction phase
204
Give me some examples of the general requirements of the H&S at Work etc. Act that directly apply to you.
* Adequate training of staff to ensure health and safety procedures are understood and adhered to
* Adequate welfare provisions for staff at work
* A safe working environment that is properly maintained and where operations within it are conducted safely
* Suitable provision of relevant information, instruction and supervision
205
What PPE do you use when carrying a survey of a property?
* Mask
* Hand sanitiser
* Shoe covers
* Hard hat
* High viz
* Overalls
206
Give some examples of the information included in the Pre-Construction Information Pack you prepared for these projects.
* Information that is in reasonable possession of the client :
* Description of the project and location
* Panning and a managing the construction work
* Safety hazard - access, existing services etc
* Health hazards - asbestos, hazardous a materials
* Design hazards -0 design risk assessment
207
Give some examples of the information included in the Health & Safety File you issued for these projects.
* A brief description of the work carried out;
* Any hazards that have not been eliminated through the design and construction processes, and how they have been addressed (e.g. surveys or other information concerning asbestos or contaminated land);
* Key structural principles (e.g. bracing, sources of substantial stored energy – including pre- or post-tensioned members) and safe working loads for floors and roofs;
* Hazardous materials used (e.g., lead paints and special coatings);
* Information regarding the removal or dismantling of installed plant and equipment (e.g. any special arrangements for lifting such equipment);
* Health and safety information about equipment provided for cleaning or maintaining the structure;
* The nature, location and markings of significant services, including underground cables; gas supply equipment; fire-fighting services, etc;
* Information and as-built drawings of the building, its plant and equipment (e.g. the means of safe access to and from service voids and fire doors).
208
Give me an example of how you have designed out a hazard on a project.
Amend the construction to assist in either pre fabricated or smaller sections.
209
Give some examples of the H&S checks you undertake when carrying out a site inspection. For example, on the project used for your case study.
* Adequate and condition of welfare
* PPE checks
* Incident book check
* site attendance check
* H&S file on site
* First Aid
210
What are the client duties under CDM ?
Commercial clients – Organisations or individuals for whom a construction project is carried out that is done as part of a business. Make suitable arrangements for managing a project, including making sure:
• Make suitable arrangements for managing a project, including making sure:
• other dutyholders are appointed as appropriate
• sufficient time and resources are allocated
• Make sure:
• relevant information is prepared and provided to other dutyholders
• the principal designer and principal contractor carry out their duties
• welfare facilities are provided
Domestic clients – People who have construction work carried out on their own home (or the home of a family member) that is not done as part of a business.**
• Though in scope of CDM 2015, their client duties are normally transferred to:
• the contractor for single contractor projects
• the principal contractor for projects with more than one contractor
• However, the domestic client can instead choose to have a written agreement with the principal designer to carry out the client duties.
211
What are the principal contractor duties under cdm ?
212
Who are the duty holders under CDM ?
213
What is the hierarchy of control ? (Risk assessments)
214
What are 5 stages to a risk assessment ?
1: Identify the Hazards.
2: Decide Who Might Be Harmed and How.
3: Evaluate the Risks and Take Action to Prevent Them.
4: Record Your Findings.
5: Review the Risk Assessment.
215
When was the three types of asbestos banned ?
* "Blue (crocidolite) and brown (amosite) asbestos were banned in 1985.
* White (chrysotile) asbestos was not included in this initial ban. White (chrysotile) asbestos was banned in the UK in 1999, nearly 15 years after the first asbestos bans.
* This 1999 ban made the manufacture and supply of all asbestos products illegal in the UK."
216
What is the construction phase plan ?
"A Construction Phase Plan is a key document that details the health and safety risks associated with the construction phase of the project and the control measures that will be implemented to minimise risks or where possible, eliminate them.
The Construction Phase Plan is the responsibility of the project’s principal contractor"
217
What is an O&M manual ?
"The building owner's manual, or operation and maintenance manual (O&M manual), contains the information required for the operation, maintenance, decommissioning and demolition of a building.
The building owner's manual is prepared by the contractor or the sub-contractor with additional information from the designers (in particular, the services engineer) and suppliers. It is a requirement that is generally defined in the preliminaries section of the tender documentation where its contents will be described, although there may be additional requirements regarding mechanical and electrical services in the mechanical and electrical specification.
A draft version of the document should be provided for the client as part of the handover procedure prior to certifying practical completion. The final document is not usually available in full form until several months after practical completion, as commissioning information often needs to include summer and winter readings taken in the fully occupied building. The preliminaries may require several copies of the building owner's manual and might require an electronic version.
The building owner's manual might include:
A description of the main design principles.
Details of the building's construction (such as finishes, cladding, doors and windows, roof construction, and so on).
As-built drawings and specifications.
Instructions for its operation and maintenance (including health and safety information and manufacturers' instructions for efficient and proper operation).
An asset register of plant and equipment.
Commissioning and testing results.
Guarantees, warranties and certificates.
Particular requirements for demolition, decommissioning and disposal."
218
What is a health and safety file ? And who is responsible for this ?
The health and safety file must be appropriate to the characteristics of the project and include a level of detail proportionate to the risks. It should only include relevant information that will be of help when planning future construction work and must be in a convenient form, clear, concise and easily understandable.
It does not need to include information about the construction process (which may be included in the construction phase plan), unless it may affect future works. It does not need to include contractual information, pre-construction information or information about the normal operation of the completed structure (which may be included in the building owners manual or the building log book).
The principal designer prepares the health and safety file during the pre-construction phase. They must then ensure it is appropriately reviewed, updated and revised to take account of the construction works and any changes that have occurred.
219
What is a construction phase plan ?
A Construction Phase Plan is a key document that details the health and safety risks associated with the construction phase of the project and the control measures that will be implemented to minimise risks or where possible, eliminate them.
The Construction Phase Plan is the responsibility of the project’s principal contractor.
220
What are the duties under CDM ?
221
How was the principal contractor appointed? Under CDM.
A principal contractor must be appointed in writing by the client where a project involves more than one contractor.
222
What is CDM 2015 ?
The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015 (CDM 2015) cover the management of health, safety and welfare when carrying out construction projects. CDM 2015 replaced the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2007 (CDM 2007) from 6 April 2015
223
When/why are design risk assessments required ?
Under CDM by the Principal Designer
224
Why is CDM important in the design process ?
Allows for risk and hazards to be design out prior to construction
225
What is CAR 2012 ?
The Control of Asbestos Regulation 2012
226
Under CDM, is a Principal Designer required on all projects?
The principal designer role is required under the Construction (Design & Management) Regulations (CDM). This set of regulations apply to all construction work and are a legal requirement. Every construction project must comply with CDM, and that includes appointing the necessary CDM duty holders.
227
When is a project notifiable under CDM ?
3+ 2 = 5 30 days with 20 continuous workers or 500 person days in total - submitted via a F10
228
How do you make your client aware of their duties under the CDM Regulations?
During the initial project meeting, my company adopted the durites of the client via a formal agreement.
229
Can you expand on your knowledge of surveying safely - RICS Guidance Note
```
This is the 2nd edition of the Guidance note
Safe person concept
Personal Responsibility
Assessing hazards and risk
RICS Members place of work
Visiting site and premises
Fire Safety
```
230
Give me some examples of the key duty holders of the CDM regulations.
* Commercial Clients
* Domestic Clients
* Designer
* Principal Designer
* Contractor
* Principal Contractor
* Worker
231
How do you make you clients aware of their responsibilities under the CDM regulations?
During the initial meetings, as a company we normal take on the responsibilities from the domestic client
232
How did you ensure the asbestos survey covered all the necessary areas prior to survey ?
I produced the existing and proposed floors plans / elevations detailing the extents and contents of work to ensure an understanding and appreciation of the works.
233
Where would you find RICS requirements for H&S?
RICS Surveying Safely (2nd Edition) Guidance Note
234
What does Surveying Safely provide?
Guidance on best practice
235
What is the key H&S legislation?
Health & Safety at Work Act 1974
236
What is the general duty on employers under the H&S at Work Act 1974?
To ensure health, safety and wellbeing of employees and other affected persons is not at risk, so far as is reasonably practicable
237
What are the penalties under the H&S Act 1974?
Unlimited fine
Up to 2 years' imprisonment (or more for corporate or gross negligence, i.e. manslaughter charges)
Directors disqualified for up to 15 years
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What is PPE?
Personal Protective Equipment
239
What are your individual responsibilities under the H&S at Work Act 1974?
Take responsibility for own H&S and that of anyone under your supervision
Co-operate with employer to minimise risk to self, colleagues and others potentially affected by actions
Report actual or perceived breaches in good time
Carry out risk assessment
Wear PPE
Undertake staff training
240
When were the Control of Asbestos Regulations last updated?
Person responsible for maintaining the property
241
What is the current RICS guidance relating to asbestos?
Guidance Note Asbestos: legal requirements and best practice for property professionals and clients UK 4th edition
242
What is Legionnaires' disease?
Potentially fatal form of pneumonia caused by legionella bacteria dispersed into atmosphere
243
What regulations do you need to comply with when undertaking building, civil engineering or engineering construction work?
CDM Regulations 2015
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When must HSE be notified of a project?
Construction work is likely to last longer than 30 working days and have more than 20 workers working simultaneously at any point
Or exceed 500 person days
