Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Business > Managing People > Flashcards

Managing People Flashcards

1
Q

What does it mean if staff are an asset?

A

The staff are developed and seen as a benefit to the business
-Staff will receive training
-Staff are more involved in decision making

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does it mean if staff are a cost?

A

The staff are seen as a cost rather than adding value to the business

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is multiskilling?

A

Having a workforce who can be moved around from one job to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is part time work?

A

Working less than 35 hours per week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is temporary work?

A

Employees are employed for a fixed amount of time e.g six months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is flexible work?

A

Employers allow flexibility in the hours that workers must be at the business or allowing work to be done at home

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is home working?

A

When people work from home or from other premises that is not their workplace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a zero hour contract?

A

Employees are given no set guaranteed hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is outsourcing?

A

Paying a specialist business to carry out a specific task for the business

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is redundancy?

A

A reduction in the size of the workforce due to mergers or closures of a business due to new technology or relocation
-Voluntary = staff close to retirement take voluntary redundancy to get a pay out
-Compulsory = where a member of staff must leave their job

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is dismissal?

A

An employee being fired
e.g for gross misconduct, long term illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the difference between dismissal and redundancy?

A

People who are dismissed will receive no compensation, no reference, no help with finding a new job

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is individual bargaining?

A

The worker and manager sit face to face and discuss the terms and conditions of the workers contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of individual bargaining?

A

-There is no compromise because only the views of one worker are being discussed
However:
-The manager might not take any action following the discussion because it is only one worker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is collective bargaining?

A

Involves a representative of all the workers meeting with the manger to discuss the terms and conditions of their employees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of collective bargaining?

A

-The representatives who speak for the workforce have greater power to get action
However:
-It can lead to strikes or industrial action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the stages of recruitment?

A

Job analysis, job description, person specification, advertise the job, shortlist applications, interviews, ask for references, make the job offer and send letters of regret

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are costs of recruitment?

A

-Advertisement costs
-Recruitment agent costs
-Reduces productivity when the new employee is introduced
-Loss of management time during the recruitment process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is internal recruitment?

A

Workers already in the business can apply for a new position
-advertisements include: newsletters, noticeboards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is external recruitment?

A

Workers outside of the business can apply for the position
-advertisements include: job centres, recruitment agencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of internal recruitment?

A

-Candidates are loyal to the business
-Candidates already know the company culture
-Less expensive without advertising
However:
-Tension with those who aren’t selected
-Limits the number of applicants
-Brings no new ideas to the business

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of external recruitment?

A

-Fresh ideas and enthusiasm are brought into the business
-Brings experience to the business
-Larger skills pool
However:
-More costly to recruit
-Longer process
-Training time will reduce productivity within the business

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is on the job training?

A

Coaching or mentoring while doing the job, assistance and advice is provided by those more experienced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is off the job training?

A

Involves work at home or at courses allowing employees to learn through demonstrations, talks and lectures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is induction training?

A

A form of introduction for new starters in order to enable them to do work in a new profession or job role within the business

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of induction training?

A

-Provides employees with all the information they need
-Helps employees understand company culture
However:
-Must be planned effectively to ensure the business makes a good first impression
-Takes time to plan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of off the job training?

A

-Wider range of skills are gained
-Learn from specialists and experts
However:
-More expensive
-Makes employees more likely to be poached

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are advantages and disadvantages of on the job training?

A

-More cost effective
-Employees are contributing to the business
However:
-Bad habits may be passed on
-May disrupt production with mistakes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What does chain of command mean?

A

The order in which authority and power in an organisation is wielded and delegated from the top management level to every employee within the business

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What does hierarchy mean?

A

The ‘formal structure’ diagram showing the relationships between the people working in the business and the lines of communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What does span of control mean?

A

The number of employees a manager has working for them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What does delegation mean?

A

Giving authority for certain decisions to those below the mangers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What does delayering mean?

A

When a whole layer of the organisation structure is removed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are the positives of a good organisation structure?

A

-Improve communication
-Increase productivity
-Inspire innovation

35
Q

What are the negatives of a poor organisation structure?

A

-Confusion
-Lack of coordination
-Failure to share ideas

36
Q

What is an organisation structure?

A

Shows the levels of management and which employees report to whom

37
Q

What is a flat structure of organisation?

A

An organisational structure in which most middle management levels and their functions have been eliminated

38
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a flat structure?

A

-Greater communication
-Less bureaucracy and easier, quicker decision making
-Lower costs due to less management
However:
-May limit the growth of the organisation
-Structure is limited to small organisations

39
Q

What is a tall organisation structure?

A

A pyramid type of organisation that has relatively large numbers of levels in its hierarchy of authority

40
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a tall structure?

A

-Narrow span of control allows close supervision
However:
-Higher management costs
-Slower decision making
-Poor communication

41
Q

What are the three factors to think about when deciding on an organisation structure?

A

-Business size
-Industry
-Capability of employees

42
Q

What are the benefits and drawbacks of hierarchy?

A

-Clearly defines authority and responsibility
-Shows promotion paths
-Employees are loyal to their department
However:
-Departments can make decisions which only suit them rather than the whole business
-Can cause poor communication

43
Q

Why do some businesses need more complex structures?

A

-Growth
-Changes in technology
-Dynamic market
-Growing into multinational companies

44
Q

What does matrix mean?

A

A company structure in which the reporting relationships are set up as a grid rather than in the traditional hierarchy

45
Q

What does centralised mean?

A

An organisation structure where decision making power is held firmly at the top of the hierarchy amongst senior management

46
Q

What does decentralised mean?

A

An organisation structure where decision making power is spread out to include managers lower down in the hierarchy and in different locations

47
Q

What does organisation by function meaning?

A

The organisation is divided into smaller groups based on specialised functional areas
e.g finance or marketing

48
Q

What is organisation by project?

A

The organisation is divided into teams or workers with different skills who focus on one product or project

49
Q

What does a matrix structure involve?

A

Combining the traditional departments seen in functional structures with project teams, the individuals work across teams and projects as well as in their own departments

50
Q

What are the advantages of a matrix structure?

A

-Can break down traditional department barriers to improve communication
-Allows individuals to use skills in many different contexts
-Reduces costs and improves coordination as departments do not need to meet regularly

51
Q

What are the disadvantages of a matrix structure?

A

-May not be clear lines of accountability
-Hard to coordinate
-Takes time to adapt to the structure

52
Q

What are the advantages of a centralised structure?

A

-Ensures consistency of customer experience
-Easier to coordinate activities
-Easier to make changes across the whole business

53
Q

What are the disadvantages of a centralised structure?

A

-Less flexibility
-Reduces manager motivation
-Doesn’t take different locations and cultures into account

54
Q

What are the advantages of a decentralised structure?

A

-Decisions are made closer to customers
-Improved customer care
-Local managers have more authority which is good for motivation

55
Q

What are the disadvantages of a decentralised structure?

A

-Harder to keep financial control
-Less consistent levels of service across different locations

56
Q

What is motivation?

A

The ‘willingness to work’ it is the enjoyment of the work itself and the desire to achieve goals

57
Q

What is the purpose of financial motivators?

A

They are designed to motivate employees extrinsically where employees gain a monetary reward for good performance

58
Q

What is the purpose of non financial methods?

A

Intrinsic rewards aiming to inspire and engage employees in a way that money cannot

59
Q

What is a bonus and what the advantages and disadvantages?

A

A sum paid on top of a salary or wage
-Improves productivity
-Increases motivation
However:
-Costly
-May lead to jealously

60
Q

What is piecework and what are the advantages and disadvantages?

A

Employees are paid per finished item
-Workers will work longer hours to get the work done
-An incentive to do the work
However:
-May reduce quality if employees rush
-Slow workers may fall under minimum wage

61
Q

What is commission and what are the advantages and disadvantages?

A

Employees own a percentage of the sales they make
-Skilled sales people can make a lot of money
-Motivates employees to earn more
However:
-Pressuring
-Employees are selling rather than meeting customer needs

62
Q

What is profit share and what are the advantages and disadvantages?

A

The businesses profits are divided up into a percentage and given to employees
-Encourages teamwork
-Employees will try to reduce costs to earn more
However:
-Higher employees are receiving more
-People are paid regardless of their contribution

63
Q

What is performance related pay?

A

A financial reward to employees whose work is considered to have reached a required standard

64
Q

What is a consultation and what the advantages and disadvantages?

A

Giving employees a chance to be a part of the decision making process
-Allows workers to make suggestions about ways to solve problems
-Empowers workers
However:
-Time consuming process and cannot consult on all decisions

65
Q

What is empowerment and what are the advantages and disadvantages?

A

Giving people greater control over their work
-Gives control and trust
However:
-Can be seen as a cost cutting measure as delayering or making redundancies

66
Q

What is job enrichment and what are the advantages and disadvantages?

A

Attempts to give employers more responsibility by increasing the complexity of their tasks
-Learn new skills
-Reduces boredom
However:
-Increases workload leading to poor performance

67
Q

What is job rotation and what are the advantages and disadvantages?

A

The movement of employees through a range of jobs to increase interest and motivation
-Easier to cover for absent colleagues
However:
-Reduces productivity
-Requires extra training

68
Q

What is job enlargement and what are the advantages and disadvantages?

A

Involves adding extra similar tasks
-Less repetition
However:
-Basic nature of jobs is the same which reduces motivation
-Doing more for the same pay

69
Q

What is delegation and what are the advantages and disadvantages?

A

Allocating tasks to employees and giving them responsibility
-Gives managers self confidence
-Empowers managers to make decisions
However:
-May increase the workload and stress of subordinates

70
Q

What was Taylor’s theory?

A

-‘Fair days pay for a fair day’s work’
-Believed that employees would do the bare minimum if not supervised
-Argued that the main form of motivation is higher wages
-Said workers should be paid accordingly (piece rate)

71
Q

What was Mayo’s theory?

A

-Teamwork is more important than money
-Non financial motivators are most important
-Boring and repetitive work can be a demotivator

72
Q

What was Maslow’s theory?

A

-Hierarchy of needs (physiological, safety, belonging, esteem, self-actualisation)
-Once these needs are met we work at our best potential

73
Q

What was Herzberg’s theory?

A

-There are motivating factors including: interesting work, responsibility, development and achievement
-There are hygiene factors including: good pay, relationships and working conditions
-If they both are not met employees will not develop or be satisfied

74
Q

What is leadership?

A

-Skill to motivate and inspire people
-They are innovators who encourage others to accept change
-Changes the direction and business strategy

75
Q

What is management?

A

-An official position or responsibility
-They direct and manage others
-They plan and organise

76
Q

What is autocratic leadership?

A

They are leaders with full control of decision making and the employees have little to no input

77
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of autocratic leadership?

A

-Gets things done quickly
-Good in crisis or emergency situations
-Employees feel secure as they are told what to do so require no thinking
However:
-Requires fast decision making
-Staff may feel unimportant
-Demotivating as staff cannot express their ideas

78
Q

What is democratic leadership?

A

Leadership which encourages employees participation in decision making and thinks that teamwork and communication are important

79
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of democratic leadership?

A

-Workers are motivated as their ideas are used
-Greater freedom and input into decisions
-Employees trust their leaders more
However:
-Can be demotivating if leaders take credit for workers ideas
-Staff aren’t paid as much as managers but do the same tasks
-Slow decision making

80
Q

What is paternalistic leadership?

A

When decisions are made in a ‘father’ like style with the best interest of workers in mind, the leader makes the decisions and they shouldn’t be questioned

81
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of paternalistic leadership?

A

-Focus is on employee welfare which improves morale
-Employee feels that the business cares for them
However:
-Creates dependency on the leader
-Subordinates have no power over decision making

82
Q

What is laissez faire leadership?

A

Gives employees as much freedom as possible, the leaders communicate the goals to employees but allows them to choose how to complete their objectives

83
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of laissez faire leadership?

A

-Freedom for employees to make decisions
-Effective in group situations as the groups knowledge may be more useful that the leaders
However:
-Poorly defined roles in the group
-Leaders are seen as uninvolved and withdrawn
-Workers are demotivated to set their own deadlines

Business (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions