Managers, Profits, and Market Flashcards

1
Q

Study of the behavior of individual economic agents

A

Microeconomics

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2
Q

That the cost of something is what you gave up to get it

A

Opportunity cost

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3
Q

Owned by others and hired, rented, or leased

A

Market-supplied resources

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4
Q

Owned and used by the firm

A

Owner-supplied resources

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5
Q

Sum of the opportunity cost of both market-supplied resources and owner-supplied resources

A

Total Economic Cost

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6
Q

Monetary payments to owners of market-supplied resources can be seen in ledgers, journals, among others

A

Explicit Cost

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7
Q

Nonmonetary opportunity costs of using owner-supplied resources

A

Implicit Cost

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8
Q

Types of implicit costs

A
  1. ) Opportunity cost of cash provided by the owner
  2. ) Opportunity cost of using the land or capital owned by the firm
  3. ) Opportunity cost of the owner’s time spent in managing and working for the firm
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9
Q

The difference between the revenue received from the sale of an output and the cost of inputs used

A

Economic Profit

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10
Q

Economic profit

A

Total revenues - Total economic cost

Total revenues - explicit cost - implicit cost

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11
Q

It shows the amount of money a firm has left over after deducting the explicit cost of running the business

A

Accounting profit

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12
Q

Accounting Profit

A

Total revenues or sales - Explicit cost

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13
Q

Does not subtract the implicit cost from total revenues

A

Accounting profit

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14
Q

It covers all costs of all resources used by the firm, to maximize economic profit

A

Firm owners

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15
Q

Price of which it can be sold

A

Value of the Firm

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16
Q

Accounts of risk for not knowing the future profit

A

Risk Premium

17
Q

Risk premium logic

A

The larger the risk, the higher the risk premium, and the lower the firm’s value

18
Q

The conflict that arises when the goals of the management (agent) do not match the goals of the owner (principal)

A

Principal-agent problem

19
Q

When either party to an agreement has incentives not to abide by all its provisions and one party cannot cost-effectively monitor the agreement

A

Moral Hazard

20
Q

Price is determined strictly by market forces of demand & supply

A

Price-Taking Firm

21
Q

Has a degree of market power, which is the ability to raise price without losing all sale

A

Price-Setting Firm

22
Q

This market structure is selling homogenous or identical products

A

Perfect Competition

23
Q

This market structure is protected by institutional barriers to entry

A

Monopoly

24
Q

This market structure is selling differentiated products

A

Monopolistic Competition

25
Q

This market structure depends on its profit on interdependence among few competitors

A

Oligopoly