Management of Renal/Kidney Disorders

Question 1

What consist of the Collection System?

Answer 1

The Kidneys,Ureters, Bladder & Uretha.

Question 2

What Does the Nephron?

Answer 2

Loop of Henele, Glomerulus, Proximal Tubule, Collecting Duct

Question 3

What is Acute Kidney Injury?

Answer 3

Rapid loss of renal function due to damage to the kidneys.
50% or greater increase in serum creatinine above baseline.
Occurs abruptly and can be reversible. AKI leads to cell hypoperfusion, cell death, and decomposition of renal function.

Question 4

What is the pathophysiology around AKI?

Answer 4

Hypovolemia
Hypotension
Reduced cardiac output and HF
obstruction of the kidney or lower urinary tract
Obstruction of renal arteries or veins

Question 5

Serum Creatinine level

Question 6

BUN

Question 7

What is BUN/Creatinine Ratio?

Question 8

Normal Renal Function Values

Answer 8

BUN : 10-20 mg/dl
Serum creatine: 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dl
0.5 to 1.1 mg/dl
BUN/Creatinine ratio: 6 to 25

Question 9

Who is at risk for Renal Problems?

Answer 9

Advanced Age
Contact Sports
Diabetes
Chemical or Environmental toxin exposure, smoking
Obesity
Hypertension
Heart Failure
Family Hx of Renal Disease
Frequent UTI’s
Medications
Trauma
Urolithiasis
High Sodium Diet
Polycystic Kidney Disease

Question 10

Urinalysis

Question 11

24 hour urine collection

Question 12

Potentially Nephrotoxic Substances

Answer 12

Antibiotics
NSAIDS

Question 13

PreRenal

Question 14

Intrarenal