Management of Patients With Musculoskeletal Trauma Flashcards
Soft tissue injury produced by blunt force
*
Pain, swelling, and discoloration: ecchymosis
Contusions
Pulled muscle injury to the musculotendinous unit,
*Overuse, overstretching, or excessive stress
*Pain, edema, muscle spasm, ecchymosis, and loss of function
Strain
Injury to ligaments & supporting muscle
fiber around a joint
* caused by wrenching or twisting
motion.
* Joint is tender, and movement is
painful, edema; disability and pain
increases during the first 2 to 3 hrs
Sprain
Articular surfaces of the joint are not in contact
*A traumatic dislocation is an emergency with pain change in contour, axis, and length of the limb and loss of mobility
Dislocation
*Results from injury or chronic joint stresses
*Pain (can’t sleep on the involved side), limited ROM, muscle weakness
*Management
– debridement (removal of devitalized tissues)
*Immobilize for several days to 4 weeks after surgery
*Full recovery is expected 6 to 12 months
Rotator Cuff Tears
*Chronic, painful condition that is caused by excessive repetitive extension, flexion, pronation, and supination activities of the forearm
Mgt
*ice application, NSAIDS / pain medication
*Immobilization (Cast or Splint)
Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)
Injury of the ligaments (knee) occurs when the foot is firmly planted and the knee is struck
*Inability to walk without assistance
*Mgt – RICE
Assisting ambulatory devices
Activity limitation
Lateral and Medial Collateral Ligament Injury
*Injury of the ligaments crossed in the center of the knee
*Injury occurs when the foot is firmly planted, knee is hyperextended, and the person twists the torso and femur
*Patient reports hearing of a “Pop” (feeling of tearing sensation)
*Mgt - RICE
Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
*Menisci - 2 crescent-shaped cartilages in the knee
*Each moves slightly backward and forward to accommodate the condyles of the femur when the leg is flexed or extended
Meniscal Injuries
*
Occurs during activities with sudden contraction of the cuff muscle with the foot fixed firmly to the floor or ground
*
Sharp pain, can’t plantar flex the foot
*
Immediate surgical repair of complete achilles tendon ruptures is usually recommended to obtain satisfactory results
Rupture of Achilles tendons
- Meniscal Injuries → Cartilage tear from twisting; causes pain, swelling, and locking.
- ACL Injury → Front ligament tear from sudden stops or jumps; leads to instability and swelling.
- PCL Injury → Back ligament tear from direct impact; causes pain and mild instability.
- MCL/LCL Injuries → Side ligament tears from side impact; result in pain and instability.
Meniscal Injuries → Cartilage tear from twisting; causes pain, swelling, and locking.
- ACL Injury → Front ligament tear from sudden stops or jumps; leads to instability and swelling.
- PCL Injury → Back ligament tear from direct impact; causes pain and mild instability.
- MCL/LCL Injuries → Side ligament tears from side impact; result in pain and instability.
Delayed Union → Fracture heals slower than expected but eventually heals.
Malunion → Fracture heals in the wrong position, causing deformity.
Nonunion → Fracture fails to heal completely, leading to chronic pain and instability.
Delayed Union → Fracture heals slower than expected but eventually heals.
Malunion → Fracture heals in the wrong position, causing deformity.
Nonunion → Fracture fails to heal completely, leading to chronic pain and instability.
is the abnormal formation of bone in soft tissues, such as muscles and tendons, where bone does not normally exist
Heterotopic Ossification (HO)
is a chronic pain condition affecting a limb, usually after an injury or surgery, due to nerve dysfunction.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
) is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply, leading to bone collapse
Avascular Necrosis (AVN)
