Management of Patients with Diabetes Flashcards
A patient is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which clinical
characteristics does the nurse determine will likely be associated with
this patient? (Select all that apply.)
a. Ketosis prone
b. Little endogenous insulin
c. Obesity at diagnoses
d. Younger than 30 years of age
e. Older than 65 years of age
a. Ketosis prone
b. Little endogenous insulin
d. Younger than 30 years of age
When the nurse is caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes, which
clinical manifestation would be a priority to closely monitor?
a. Hypoglycemia
b. Hyponatremia
c. Ketonuria
d. Polyphagia
a. Hypoglycemia
A female patient with diabetes who weighs 130 lb has an ideal body
weight of 116 lb. For weight reduction of 2 lb/wk, approximately what
will her daily caloric intake be?
a. 1000 calories
b. 1200 calories
c. 1500 calories
d. 1800 calories
a. 1000 calories
The nurse is preparing to administer intermediate-acting insulin to a
patient with diabetes. Which insulin will the nurse administer?
a. NPH
b. Iletin II
c. Humalog
d. Glargine
a. NPH
An older adult patient with diabetes type 2 comes to the emergency
department with second-degree burns to the bottom of both feet and
states, “I didn’t feel too hot but my feet must have been too close to the
heater.” Which does the nurse understand is most likely the reason for
the decrease in temperature sensation?
a. A faulty heater
b. Autonomic neuropathy
c. Peripheral neuropathy
d. Sudomotor neuropathy
c. Peripheral neuropathy
The nurse is caring for a patient with an abnormally low blood glucose
concentration. Which glucose level will the nurse observe when
assessing laboratory results?
a. Lower than 50 to 60 mg/dL
b. Between 60 and 80 mg/dL
c. Between 75 and 90 mg/dL
d. 95 mg/dL
a. Lower than 50 to 60 mg/dL
A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis has had a large volume of fluid
infused for rehydration. Which potential complication from rehydration
will the nurse monitor for?
a. Hypokalemia
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hyperglycemia
d. Hyponatremia
a. Hypokalemia
The nurse is assessing a patient with nonproliferative (background)
retinopathy. When examining the retina, what will the nurse expect to
assess? (Select all that apply.)
a. Leakage of fluid or serum (exudates)
b. Microaneurysms
c. Focal capillary single closure
d. Detachment
e. Blurred optic discs
a. Leakage of fluid or serum (exudates)
b. Microaneurysms
c. Focal capillary single closure
A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes who has a diagnosis of
nephropathy. What will the nurse expect the urinalysis report to indicate?
a. Albumin
b. Bacteria
c. Red blood cells
d. White blood cells
a. Albumin
The nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a patient with type 1
diabetes in the morning prior to a surgical procedure. Which percentage
of the usual morning dose of insulin will the nurse administer
preoperatively?
a. 10% to 20%
b. 25% to 40%
c. 50% to 60%
d. 85% to 90%
c. 50% to 60%
An older adult patient is in the hospital with urosepsis. The patient
begins to experience an altered level of consciousness, profound
dehydration, and hypotension. Which condition does the nurse suspect
the patient is experiencing?
a. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
b. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome
c. Multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome
d. Diabetic ketoacidosis
b. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome
The nurse is preparing to administer IV fluids for a patient with
ketoacidosis who has a history of hypertension and congestive heart
failure. Which prescription for fluids will the nurse infuse for this
patient?
a. D5W
b. 0.9% normal saline
c. 0.45% normal saline
d. D5 normal saline
c. 0.45% normal saline
A patient has been newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, and the nurse
is assisting with the development of a meal plan. Which step will be
taken into consideration prior to making the meal plan?
a. Make sure that the patient is aware that quantity of foods will be
limited.
b. Ensure that the patient understands that some favorite foods may not
be allowed on the meal plan.
c. Determine whether the patient is on insulin or taking oral antidiabetic
medication.
d. Review the patient’s diet history to identify eating habits, and lifestyle
and cultural eating patterns.
d. Review the patient’s diet history to identify eating habits, and lifestyle and cultural eating patterns.
The nurse is educating a patient with diabetes about the importance of
increasing dietary fiber. Which will the nurse explain is the reason for
the increase? (Select all that apply.)
a. May improve blood glucose levels
b. Decrease the need for exogenous insulin
c. Help reduce cholesterol levels
d. May reduce postprandial glucose levels
e. Increase potassium levels
a. May improve blood glucose levels
b. Decrease the need for exogenous insulin
c. Help reduce cholesterol levels
The nurse is educating a patient about the benefits of fruit versus fruit
juice in the diabetic diet. The patient states, “What difference does it
make if you drink the juice or eat the fruit? It is all the same.” Which is
the best response by the nurse?
a. “Eating the fruit is more satisfying than drinking the juice. You will
get full faster.”
b. “Eating the fruit will give you more vitamins and minerals than the
juice will.”
c. “The fruit has less sugar than the juice.”
d. “Eating the fruit instead of drinking juice decreases the glycemic
index by slowing absorption.”
d. “Eating the fruit instead of drinking juice decreases the glycemic index by slowing absorption.”
The nurse is administering an insulin drip to a patient in ketoacidosis.
Which insulin does the nurse administer that can be used intravenously?
a. NPH
b. Regular
c. Lispro
d. Lantus
b. Regular
