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TAS Oncology > Management Of Childhood Cancer > Flashcards

Management Of Childhood Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main treatment modalities used in treating childrens cancer?

A
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiotherapy
  • Surgery
  • Biological approaches
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2
Q

What biological approaches may be used in the treatment of childhood cancers?

A
  • Molecularly targeted agents

- Immunotherapy

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3
Q

What may chemotherapy be used for in childhood cancer?

A
  • Primary curative therapy
  • To control metastatic disease before definitive treatment
  • As adjuvant treatment
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4
Q

Give a type of childhood cancer in which chemotherapy may be used as a primary curative treatment?

A

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

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5
Q

What is it called when chemotherapy is used to control primary and metastatic disease before definitive local treatment?

A

Neo-adjuvant

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6
Q

When might chemotherapy be used as an adjuvant treatment?

A
  • Deal with residual disease

- Eliminate presumed micro-metastases

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7
Q

What must chemotherapeutic agents do in order to be effective?

A

Either block cellular replication or induce cellular death (apoptosis)

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8
Q

What is cell replication dependent on?

A

The complete function of the cell cycle

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9
Q

What is the cell cycle divided into?

A

Four active phases and a resting face

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10
Q

What are the active phases of the cell cycle?

A
  • G1
  • S
  • G2
  • M
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11
Q

What is the resting phase of the cell cycle known as?

A

G0

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12
Q

What happens in G1?

A

This is a ‘gap phase’ during which there is synthesis of the components required for DNA synthesis

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13
Q

What % of time of the active cell cycle is spent in G1?

A

40%

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14
Q

What follows G1 phase?

A

S phase

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15
Q

What happens in the S phase of the cell cycle?

A

DNA synthesis

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16
Q

What % of time in the active phase of the cell cycle is spent in the S phase?

A

39%

17
Q

What follows the S phase of the cell cycle?

A

G2

18
Q

What happens in the G2 phase of the cell cycle?

A

It is a second gap phase, when there is preparation for mitosis

19
Q

What % of the time in the active cell cycle is spent in the G2 phase?

A

19%

20
Q

What follows the G2 phase of the cell cycle?

A

M phase

21
Q

What happens in the M phase of the cell cycle?

A

Mitosis

22
Q

What % of time in the active cell cycle is spent in M phase?

A

2%

23
Q

How long is the G0 phase of the cell cycle?

A

Variable

24
Q

What is the G0 phase of the cell cycle also known as?

A

Quiescence

TAS Oncology (3 decks)

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