Management Domain III Flashcards
What are the 5 tenants of the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs & their purpose?
The motivational theory that states that motivation & determinants of behavior are based on the desire to satisfy specific needs:
1. physiological
2. security and safety
3. social
4. self-esteem
5. Self-realization or actualization - job enrichment.
What are the two factors of the Herzberg motivational theory & examples of each:
Maintenance - hygiene factors, like satisfiers & dissatisfiers - these do not produce motivation, but can prevent motivation from occurring
- ex: insurance benefits, fair wage, supervision, working conditions.
Motivators: call forth energy & enthusiasm = job enrichment, achievement, personal accomplishment, opportunity for growth.
What are the three needs provided by the McClelland theory?
- Need for Achievement - gravitating towards management or sales
- Need for affiliation - desired to be liked
- Need for power - enjoys competition and seeking confrontation
What are the 2 theories within the MacGregor attitude of the manager’s assumption for how employees view work:
Theory x: people dislike work and avoid at all possible - authoritarian, motivation is through fear - negative and autocratic
Theory Y: people like work, view it like play or rest, management make conditions so that workers can achieve goals - positive and participative.
What were the 2 main outcomes of the Hawthorne studies by Elton Mayo?
- when people are involved in process, productivity increases. This includes - giving special attention, being involved in interesting experience, work breaks to increase productivity.
- placebo effect = special attention improves behavior.
What are the 4 tenants of the expectancy theory by Beer, Vroom?
- rewards serve as motivators
- employees must believe that effective performance will lead to reward
- employees must feel the rewards are attractive
- Path-goal theory focuses on leader’s effect on employee motivation
Employees must value the reward offered to change their behavior and be efficient.
Describe the autocratic style of leadership
demands obedience, control, and full responsibility.
describe the consultative style of leadership
asks for input, makes majority of decisions alone
Describe the bureaucratic style of leadership
by the book and follows procedures to the letter
describe the participative style of leadership
encouraging workers in decision making, small group meetings to identify problems
describe the democratic style of leadership
guides and encourages group to make decisions
describe the free rein or laissez-faire style of leadership
least control, allows group to make decisions.
identify the 5 plots of the blake mouton leadership grid:
1,1
1,9
5,5
9,9
9,1
1,1 - impoverished management - low concern for both people and production
1,9 - country club management - employee centered not production
5,5 - middle-of-the-road management - equal concern
9,9 - team management - high concern for both people and production
9,1 - authority or autocratic - focuses solely on production not people
what are the 4 basic systems of organizational leadership and description: which is most effective?
- exploitive or autocratic - job centered - making all decisions
- benevolent autocratic - job centered with minor decisions made by employees
- consultative - employee centered, gain some confidence
- participative - employee centered, trust and responsibility: MOST EFFECTIVE
what is the peter principle (leadership)
promoting someone to a level of incompetence
