Management

Question 1

What are the goals of therapy for pneumonia?

Answer 1

The goals of therapy for pneumonia are:
1. To identify patients at greater risk who require in-hospital management.
2. To alleviate symptoms.
3. To treat and eradicate the infection.
4. To prevent and/or manage complications.
5. To improve the quality of life.

Question 2

What are the supportive measures for pneumonia management?

Answer 2

The supportive measures for pneumonia management include: 1. Analgesia and antipyretics. 2. Chest physiotherapy. 3. Oxygen supplementation. 4. Proper positioning to prevent aspiration pneumonia. 5. Administration of crystalloids in hypovolemic shock. 6. Promoting suction and bronchial hygiene. 7. Ensuring proper hydration and nutrition for systemic support.

Question 3

What is the first-line treatment for ambulatory pediatric pneumonia patients?

Answer 3

1st Line: Oral Amoxicillin + Azithromycin or Erythromycin. Amoxicillin: 5-12 years: 500 mg every 8 hours for 7 days 1-5 years: 250 mg every 8 hours for 7 days 6 months - 1 year: 125 mg every 8 hours for 7 days Azithromycin: 10 mg/kg once daily for 6 days Erythromycin: 8-18 years: 250-500 mg every 6 hours for 7 days 2-8 years: 250 mg every 6 hours for 7 days 6 months - 2 years: 125 mg every 6 hours for 7 days

Question 4

What is the second-line treatment for ambulatory pediatric pneumonia patients?

Answer 4

2nd Line: Oral Cefuroxime Dosage: Over 12 years: 250-500 mg every 12 hours for 7 days 3 months - 12 years: 30 mg/kg/day

Question 5

What supportive therapy is given to hospitalized pediatric pneumonia patients?

Answer 5

Supportive therapy includes: Oxygen, IV fluids (Normal Saline and Dextrose Saline), and oral or suppository paracetamol.

Question 6

What is the first-line IV antibiotic regimen for hospitalized pediatric pneumonia patients?

Answer 6

1st Line: IV Amoxiclav + IV Azithromycin Amoxiclav: 3 months - 18 years: 30 mg/kg daily (max 1.2 g daily) for 7-10 days Under 3 months: Same dose every 12 hours Azithromycin: 10 mg/kg daily for 3-7 days

Question 7

What is the second-line IV antibiotic regimen for hospitalized pediatric pneumonia patients?

Answer 7

2nd Line: IV Ceftriaxone + IV Azithromycin Ceftriaxone: 25 mg/kg every 12 hours for 7 days (max 75 mg/kg daily) Azithromycin: 10 mg/kg daily for 3-7 days

Question 8

What antibiotics are used for treating aspiration pneumonia in pediatric patients?

Answer 8

IV Ceftriaxone or IV Amoxiclav or IV Ciprofloxacin + IV Metronidazole Ceftriaxone: 25 mg/kg every 12 hours for 7 days (max 75 mg/kg daily) Amoxiclav: 30 mg/kg daily (max 1.2 g daily) for 7-10 days Ciprofloxacin: 10 mg/kg every 12 hours (max 400 mg) for 7 days Metronidazole: 7.5 mg/kg every 8 hours for 7 days