mammalian nervous system Flashcards
what is the autonomic nervous system
part of nervous system responsible for involuntary activities in body
what is the central nervous system
central part of the nervous system composed of brain and spinal CORD
what is peripheral nervous system
consists of sensory neurones and motor neurones which allow rapid communication between sensory receptors, cns and effectors
what is somatic nervous system
motor neurones under concious control
what environments can changes occur
internal or external environment
what must communication systems enable
detection to stimulus
cell signalling throughout entire body
coordination of a range of effectors to carry suitable responses
what are the two divisions of the cns
brain
spinal cord
what are the two division of the PNS
motor system
sensory system
what is the motor system divided into
somatic nervous system
autonomic nervous system
what is the main difference between the autonomic system and somatic nervous system
autonomic- unconcious/ involuntary
somatic- concious/ voluntary
does grey matter (celebral cortex of the brain) contain myelinated neurone
no grey matter is non myelinated, white matter is myelinated
describe the white and grey matter of the spinal cord
outer layer of spinal cord is myelinated- outer region of spinal cord is white matter
inner layer is myelinated- grey matter on inner layer
what is the function for myelinated neurones in the spinal cords white matter
carry action potential up and down spinal cord for rapid communication over long distance
what is the role of the PNS
Ensure communication between sensory receptor, cns and effectors is rapid
what neurones make up the PNS
SENSORY
MOTOR
What two systems make up the PNS
sensory nervous system
motor nervous system
what does the sensory system do
sends action potential from sensory receptor to the cns
describe structure of sensory neurone
sensory receptor attached to long dendron
cell body is on the side of the neurone which then leads to a short axon connecting to neurones in the cns
what is the role of the motor nervous system
conduct action potential from the cns to effector
what two nervous system make up the motor nervous system in the PNS
SOMATIC
AUTONOMIC
what neurones make up the somatic nervous system
motor neurones which conduct action potential from cns to effectors under voluntary control
what neurones make up the autonomic nervous system
motor neurones which conduct action potential from cns to effectors which are involuntary
what are examples of voluntary muscle effectors (somatic)
skeletal muscles
what are examples of effectors which are involuntary
glands, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, airways
what is the difference between response times of the somatic and autonomic nervous system
somatic- rapid
autonomic- slow
how many motor neurones are required in the somatic ns
1
how many motor neurones are required in the autonomic ns
2
what is the autonomic nervous system divided into
sympathetic and parasympathetic
what is the difference between the autonomic system and the somatic system
somatic- prepares for activity
autonomic- conserves energy
what system has more nerves leading out of the cns, somatic or autonomic
somatic has multiple nerves leading out of cns
autonomic has a few which divide and lead to different effectors
what is the ganglia
connects motor neurones
what are pre-ganglionic neurones
nerves which lead from the cns to the ganglia in the Autonomic nervous system
