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Mammo Registry > Mamm Cht1 > Flashcards

Mamm Cht1 Flashcards

1
Q

The biggest risk factor for developing breast cancer is:
1) a family, history of breast cancer
2) a personal history of breast cancer 3) gender
4) not breast-feeding

A

C) Gender

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2
Q

One of the minor risk factors for developing breast cancer could be:
1) gender
2) aging
3) genetic risk factors
4) not breast-feeding

A

D) not breast-feeding

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3
Q

What is the approximate risk of developing breast cancer in a woman whose sister has the disease?
1) higher than normal risk
2) no significant change in risk
3) lower than normal risk
4) none of the above

A

A) higher than normal risk

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4
Q

A woman with the highest risk of developing breast cancer is
A) aged 30 years or younger
B) older than 50 years
C) between the ages of 30 and 40 years
D) older than 20 years younger than 30 years

A

B) older than 50 years

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5
Q

Symptoms of a possible breast disease that are not demonstrated on a mammogram may include
A) nipple discharge
B) skin thickening
C) circumscribed tumors
D) stellate lesions

A

A) nipple discharge

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6
Q

Which of the following best describes a type of drug treatment given in addition to another breast cancer treatment?
A) radiation therapy
B) chemotherapy
C) adjuvant chemotherapy
D) hormone therapy

A

C) adjuvant chemotherapy

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7
Q

Is nipple discharge seen on a mammogram?

A

No

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8
Q

Human epidural growth, factor receptor (HER2) or era-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) receptor is:
A) a protein which functions as a receptor of breast cells
2) a virus which functions to minimize the recurrence of breast cancer
3) a protein which functions to reduce breast cancer risk
4) a virus which functions as a receptor on breast cells

A

A) a protein which functions as a receptor on breast cells

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9
Q

Risk factors associated with undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) include:
A) early menopause
B) late menopause
C) increased risk of birth defects
D) increase risk of developing breast cancer

A

D) increased risk of developing breast cancer

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10
Q

American Cancer Society (ACS) recommend that:
A) women younger than 45 years with a high risk can have modality screen, in addition to mammography
B) women younger than 40 years should have screening mammography every year
C) painful masses or lumps in the breast, are most likely benign and ignored
D) women between the ages of 20 and 39 should undergo a CBE every year

A

A) women younger than 45 years with a higher risk can have modality screening in addition to mammography

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11
Q

Which of the following breast changes should a healthcare provider evaluate?
A) lumps, and swelling
B) skin, irritation, or dimpling
C) milky discharge from the nipple
1) one only
2) one and two only
3) two and three only
4) 1, 2 and three

A

2) one and two only 

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12
Q

Which of the following should the technologist document?
A) edema
B) dimpling of the skin
C) a and B
D) a only

A

C) a and b

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13
Q

Pre-examination instructions that can be given to the patient include
A) remove all clothing from the waist down
B) use a wet, wipe to remove all deodorant
C) remove panties
D) drink a full glass of water before the mammogram

A

B) use a wet wipes to remove all deodorant

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14
Q

Benefits of communication with the patient include
A) helps and identify sensitive breast, and the reason for sensitivity
B) educate the patient
C) reveals fears and misconceptions
D) all the above

A

D) all of the above

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15
Q

In developing patient rapport, the technologist should strive to enhance the patient self esteem. This means that the technologist should.
A) reflect the patient’s emotions to show understanding
B) agree, unconditionally with anything the patient says
C) says I understand to any comments the patient makes
D) offer, reassurance, and encouragement, if the patient is confused or unable to help herself

A

D) offer, reassurance, and encouragement at the patient is confused and unable to help herself

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16
Q

The two-step method of breast, self examination (BSE) is to
A) look and feel for a changes in the breast
B) exam the breast, and under arm
C) check for lumps in the breast and keep a journal of changes in the breast
D) examine the breast and the nipples

A

A) look and feel for changes in the breast

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17
Q

When visually inspecting the breast, the changes that should be recorded include
1) changes in the breast, size and shape
2) changes in texture or color of the breast
3) indentations on the skin of the breast
A) one, and two only
B) two and three only
C) one and three only
D) one, two and three

A

D) 1, 2 and 3

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18
Q

The patient’s medical history and documentation will
1) provide the radiologist information about the patient risk factors for developing breast cancer
2) give the radiologist information about general symptoms of breast cancer
3) provide information about possible benign breast conditions of the patient
A) one, and two only
B) two and three only
C) one and three only
D) 1, 2 and 3

A

C) 1 and 3 only

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19
Q

Stressing the importance of the BSE can be controversial because
A) BSE tends to detect only benign breast cancer
B) BSE will help in the detection of the malignant breast condition
C) mammography is not 100% effective
D) BSE can cause, unnecessary, anxiety and women

A

D) BSE can cause unnecessary anxiety in women

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20
Q

Which of the following methods are used BSE
1) using the pad of the three middle fingers to palpate the entire breast
2) palpating around the breast in a vertical pattern
3) using varying degrees of pressure while palpating of the breast
A) one only
B) one and two only
C) one and three only
D) 1, 2, 3

A

D) 1,2 and 3

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21
Q

For a menstruating woman, when is the best time of the month to perform BSE?
A) one week before they start of menstruation
B) on the first day of the month
C) on the last day of the month
D) one week after the menstrual cycle ends

A

D) one week after the menstrual cycle ends

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22
Q

Which of the following statements are true?
1) breast cancer death rates in the United States are going down
2) breast cancer is leading cause cancer related deaths among women in United States
3) the second leading cause of cancer related death amongst women in United States, is breast cancer
A) one, and only
B) two and three only
C) one and three only
D) 1, 2 and 3

A

C) one and three only

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23
Q

Postmenopausal obesity is associated with:,
A) a relative high risk of developing breast cancer
B) overall reduction and breast cancer risk
C) circulating estrogen that is produced in fatty tissue
D) a lower, overall estrogen level 

A

C) circulating estrogen that is produced in fatty tissue

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24
Q

In routine mammography, the granular dose per projection is generally approximately
A) 1 to 2 mGy (0.1-0.2 rad)
B) 10 to 20 mGy (1.0-2.0 rad)
C) 0.1 to 0.2 mGy (0.01 - 0.02 rad)
D) 2 to 3 mGy (0.2 - 0.3 rad)

A

A) 1 to 2 mGy (0.1-0.2 rad)

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25
Q

Which of the following age groups is likely to get the most radiation dose during mammography?
A) 20 to 35 years
B) 40 to 50 years
C) 55 to 60 years
D) older than 70 years

A

A) 20 to 35 years

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26
Q

Approximately what percentage of women will be diagnosed with breast, cancer and their lifetime?
A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 13%
D) 20%

A

C) 13%

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27
Q

during mammography, which of the following will affect the average granular dose per breast?
1) the degree of breast compression
2) the half layer of the x-ray beam
3) breast, size and composition
1) 1 only
2) 2 only
3) 3 only
4) 1, 2, and 3

A

D) 1, 2 and 3 

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28
Q

Patients who are allowed to play an active role, implying compression are usually
1) less likely to tolerate the compression
2) more likely to tolerate the compression
3) more relaxed during the compression
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 2 and 3 only

A

D) 2 and 3 only

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29
Q

In breast imaging, the dose circulation is based on:
A) entrance skin dose
B) absorbed by the granular tissue of the breast
C) the average skin dose
D) chest wall radiation dose

A

B) dose, absorbed by the granular tissue of breast

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30
Q

What is the purpose of requesting the patient to provide prior mammograms before starting the mammogram examination?
A) to check whether the patient has breast cancer
B) to assess the exposure technique
C) to provide the radiologist with additional aid
D) to verify the correct patient

A

C) to provide the radiologist with an additional aid

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31
Q

The age of a woman undergoing HRT is likely to be:
A) less than 40 years
B) 25 to 35 years
C) more than 40 years
D) less than 20 years

A

C) more than 40 years

32
Q

The term primipara refers to a woman who:
A) has had multiple pregnancies
B) was pregnant once but lost the baby at six weeks
C) has given birth once
D) was never pregnant

A

C) has given birth once

33
Q

Emma myography information included on the medical history. Documentation includes which of the following as they relate to the breast?
1) patient history of trauma
2) history of surgery
3) unusual skin condition
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

A

D) 1, 2 and 3

34
Q

All the following are forms of subjective patient data, except
A) the patient has a palpable lump in the right breast
B) the patient complains of severe pain during breast compression
C) the mood or demeanor of the patient
D) patient complains of pain and tenderness in the left breast

A

A) the patient has a palpable lump in the right breast 

35
Q

When questioning a patient to obtain an accurate patient history:
A) keep general and nature, so as not to offend the patient
B) start with open minded questions, and then follow up with more direct inquiries
C) do not let the patient talk too much to keep the examination moving
D) use medical jargon to impress the patient with your expertise

A

B) start with open minded questions, and then follow up with more direct inquiries

36
Q

Which of the following are positive questioning skills that a technologist can use when verifying the accuracy of patient information?
A) leading questions
B) open ended questions
C) repeating information
D) facilitation

A

C) repeating questions

37
Q

What is the purpose of probing questions when interviewing patients?
A) clarifies information by asking for specific details
B) gives the patient time to remember details
C) all allows the patient time to tell her story
D) summarizes the accuracy of the information

A

A) clarifies information by asking the specific details

38
Q

And gathering more information about patient’s complaint of pain, a good probing question to ask, would be
A) how would you describe the pain?
B) when did the pain occur?
C) if the pain comes and goes, how often does it occur?
D) all the above are good questions to ask

A

C) if the pain comes and goes, how often does it occur?

Note: option C is a probing question that could be asked to get more details. Whereas option a and B are good open ended questions that are asked for documentation of clinical history

39
Q

There are two types of data collection processes. If the patient says that she has a bruise on the left breast, this is information regarded as.
A) objective
B) subjective
C) open ended scenarios
D) probing

A

A) objective

40
Q

What is the purpose of repetition when questioning the patient?
A) to give the patient time to remember details
B) to give more details
C) to summarize
D) to allow the patient to tell her story

A

C) to summarize

41
Q

“ where is your pain?” is an example of.
A) a probing question
B) repetition
C) summarization
D) an open ended question

A

D) an open ended question

42
Q

Which of the following will not result in increase breast, cancer risk
A) having a mother who took diethylstilbestrol (DES) while pregnant
B) having the first child before the age of 30 years
C) history of hodgkin’s lymph
D) menarche at the age of 10

A

B) having their first child before the age of 30

43
Q

What is considered to be a protective effect against breast cancer?

A

Pregnancy

44
Q

Approximately how many women will be diagnosed with invasive breast cancer each year?
A) 1, 898, 160
B) 608, 570
C) 268, 600
D) 300, 600

A

B) 608, 570

45
Q

Method of acknowledging the patient and treating the patient courteously can include all of the following, except:
A) using greetings( good morning, good afternoon. Etc)
B) avoiding eye contact
C) giving your full attention
D) introducing yourself

A

B) Avoiding eye contact

46
Q

Two disadvantages are specifically related to 2-D mammography screening include:
A) the granularity of the breast impact visualization of cancer
B) Mammography will not image all cancers
C) the radiation dose from mammography is dangerous
1) 1 and 3 only
2) 1 and 2 only
3) 2 and 3 only

A

B) 1 and 2 only

47
Q

The granular dose is
A) received on the skin of the breast
B) the significant background recorded by ultrasonography
C) associated with those to the radiosensitive cells of the breast
D) a record of the dose to the gonads

A

C) associate with those to the radiosensitive cells of the breast

48
Q

Having a dense breast will:
A) Increase the risk of developing breast cancer
B) reduce the risk of developing breast cancer
C) result in breast cancer
D) Help combat breast cancer

A

A) increase the risk of developing breast cancer

49
Q

The technologist should review the previous mammography report to
A) verify the physician signature
B) verify the technologist initials
C) provide the radiologist with additional aid
D) confirm the type of examination (screening, or diagnostic) needed

A

D) confirm the type of examination (screening, or diagnostic) needed

50
Q

Why should a patient wipe off deodorant before mammography:
A) deodorant can mimic malignant calcifications
B) deodorant causes breast cancer
C) deodorant blocks the lymph nodes, and allows the spread of cancer
D) technologist, difficulty positioning, the patients who have put on deodorant

A

A) Deodorant can mimic malignant calcifications

51
Q

A side effect of tamoxifen treatment is:
A) breast cancer
B) pelvic inflammatory disease
C) Brain can
D) uterine cancer

A

D) uterine cancer

52
Q

Why can tamoxifen cause uterine cancer?

A

Tamoxifen reacts with the estrogen, receptors, such as the bone and the lining of the uterus 

53
Q

Lumpectomy’ describes the process of:
A) removing the entire breast, including the nipple
B) removing the breast, cancer, tumor and margins of surrounding normal breast tissue
C) making a small incision over or near the side of the breast lesion
D) removing benign lumps from the breast 

A

B) removing the breast, cancer, tumor and margins of surrounding normal breast tissue 

54
Q

Radiation therapy can be used:
1) with other treatments options
2) to kill any remaining cancer cells in the breast or the chest wall area
3) to shrink a tumor before surgery
A) 1 and 2 only
B) can2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3

A

D) 1, 2 and 3

55
Q

Chemotherapy can be used to:
A) kill cancer cells in other parts of the body
B) block estrogen from cancer cells
C) reduce estrogen levels in the body
D) cancer cells by using high energy radiation

A

A) kill cancer cells, and other parts of the body

56
Q

Breast reconstruction can involve the placement of small fluid filled sacks behind the pectoral muscle. Two common types of such implants are.
A) saline and flap surgery
B) TRAM flap, and silicone implant
C) silicone, or saline implants
D) saline filled implants and Latissimus Dorsi flat implants

A

C) silicone or sailing implants

57
Q

What is flap surgery?

A

Flap surgery uses skin, fat or muscle from other parts of the body to form a natural looking breast mound

58
Q

Chemotherapy
A) involves the use of drugs to treat cancer that may have spread
B) is the destruction of cancer cells by using estrogen, receptor drugs
C) involves mapping the area around a tumor with the injection of a radioactive tracer
D) is the removal of the cancerous tissue from the breast

A

A) involves the use of drugs to treat cancer that may have spread

59
Q

A process of removing tissue and fat from the abdomen and transferring the tissue and fat to reconstruct the breast is called?
A) deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap
B) latissimus dorsi flap
C) transverse rectus abdominus myocutaneous (TRAM) flap
D) transverse upper gracious (TUG) flap

A

A) deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap

60
Q

Anti-estrogen drugs, such as tamoxifen can be used to
A) slow or stop the growth of cancer
B) prevent breast, cancer and high risk women
C) prevent the occurrence of breast cancer
1) 1 and 2 only
2) 2 and 3 only
3) 1 and 3 only
4) 1, 2 and 3

A

4) 1, 2 and 3

61
Q

The most common immunohistochemical (IHC) tumor marker is
A) progesterone receptor negative
B) estrogen receptor positive
C) estrogen receptor negative
D) progesterone receptor positive

A

B) estrogen receptor positive

62
Q

A process by which the breast size is increased by using implants is called:
A) augmentation mammoplasty
B) lumpectomy
C) needle biopsy
D) needle aspiration

A

A) augmentation mammoplasty 

63
Q

The removal of 1 to 3 auxiliary notes for testing is included in a/an
A) auxiliary node dissection
B) sentinel node mapping
C) sentinel node biopsy
D) lumpectomy

A

C) sentinel node biopsy

64
Q

Which of the following are side effects of radiation therapy
1) loss of appetite
2) fatigue
3) heaviness of the breast
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3

A

D) 1, 2 and 3

65
Q

A big advantage of brachy therapy over traditional radiation therapy is
A) reduced time of treatment
B) ability of biotherapy to treat larger tumors
C) ability to give more radiation to healthy tissue
D) more convenience, because of the longer treatment times

A

A) reduced time of treatment

66
Q

What is brachytherapy?

A

Brachytherapy can deliver a high dose of radiation to small areas 

67
Q

The side effects of chemotherapy included
A) hair growth
B) increase white cell count
C) increase appetite
D) low red blood cell count

A

D) low red blood cell count

68
Q

What is tamoxifen treatment?
A) an adjuvant therapy by using drugs, to reduce the risk of developing certain cancers
B) a drug regimen that effectively block certain hormones in the body
C) an external method of killing cancer cells
D) removal of all cancer cells from the body there by reducing cancer risk

A

A) an adjuvant therapy by using drugs, to reduce the risk of developing certain cancers

69
Q

“ cosmetic intervention” is
1) breast reconstruction after the treatment for breast cancer
2) surgical reconstruction of the breast at the patient’s request
3) breast augmentation for personal reasons
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3

A

B) 2 and 3 only

70
Q

The side effects of chemotherapy are related to the effects of the drugs on
A) all tissues and organs in the body
B) cancer cells only
C) the growth of cancer
D) hair follicles only

A

A) all tissues and organs in the body

71
Q

A surgical treatment procedure that removes the breast, tissue, skin, nipple and areola but leaves the lymph nodes intact is called
A) simple mastectomy
B) nipple spray mastectomy
C) prophylactic mastectomy
D) modified mastectomy

A

A) simple mastectomy

72
Q

Which of the following are contraindications for lumpectomy?
1) previous lumpectomy
2) multiple cancer sites, and one breast
3) large tumors in a small breast
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3

A

D) 1, 2 and 3

73
Q

The staging of cancer determines
1) whether the cancer is invasive
2) the exact, tumor size
3) whether the cancer has spread to distant sites
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3

A

D) 1, 2 and 3

74
Q

Which of the following is the name given to the clear fluid that can sometimes form and a complication to the mastectomy procedures?
A) hematoma
B) seroma
C) lymphoma
D) lymphedema

A

B) seroma

75
Q

“Neoadjuvant chemotherapy” refers to the treatment
A) before the surgery to help shrink cancerous tumors
B) after the mastectomy to slow the growth of cancer
C) before the surgery by using the anti-estrogen drug
D) after the surgery that involves radiation

A

A) before the surgery to help shrink cancerous tumors

Mammo Registry (2 decks)

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