Malware

Question 1

What is Malware?

Answer 1

Malicious software designed to infiltrate computer systems and potentially damage them without user consent.

Question 2

Types of Malware attacks

Answer 2

Viruses
Worms
Trojans
Ransomware
Zombies / Botnets
Rootkits
Backdoors / Logic Bombs
keyloggers
Spyware and Bloatware

Question 3

What is a virus?

Answer 3

Malicious code that’s run on a machine without the user’s knowledge and this allows the code to infect th e computer whenever it has been run.

Question 4

Types of viruses

Answer 4

Boot sector
Macro
Program
Multipartite
Encrypted
Polymorphic
Metamorphic
Stealth
Armoured
Hoax

Question 5

What is a Boot Sector virus?

Answer 5

one that is stored in the first sector of a hard drive and is then loaded into memory whenever the computer boots up.

Question 6

What is a Macro Virus?

Answer 6

Form of code that allows a virus to be embedded inside another document so that when that document is opened by the user, the virus is executed.

Question 7

What is a Program Virus?

Answer 7

Try to find executables or application files to infect with their malicious code

Question 8

What is a Multipartite Virus?

Answer 8

Combination of a boot sector type virus and a program virus.

Question 9

What is an Encrypted Virus?

Answer 9

Designed to hide itself from being detected by encrypting its rmalicious code or payloads to avoid detection ny an anti-virus software.

Question 10

What is a Polymorphic Virus?

Answer 10

Advanced version of an encrypted virus, but instead of just encrypting the contents it will actually change the viruses code each time it is executed by altering the decryption module in order for it to evade detection.

Question 11

What is a Metamorphic Virus?

Answer 11

Able to rewrite themselves entirely before it attempts to infect a given file.

Question 12

What is a Stealth Virus?

Answer 12

Technique used to prevent the virus from being detected by the anti-virus software.

Question 13

What is an Armored virus?

Answer 13

Have a layer of protection to confuse a program or a person who’s trying to analyze it.

Question 14

What is a Hoax Virus?

Answer 14

Form of technical social engineering that attempts to scare our end users.

Question 15

What is a Worm?

Answer 15

Piece of malicious software, much like a virus, but if can replicate itself without any user interaction.

Able to self - replicate and spread throughout your network without a user’s consent or their action

Question 16

What is a trojan?

Answer 16

Piece of malicious software that is disguised as a piece of harmless or desireable software

Question 17

What is a Remote Access Trojan (RAT)?

Answer 17

Provides attackers with remote control of a victim machine

Question 18

What is Ransomware?

Answer 18

Malicious software that is designed to block access to a computer system or its data by encrypting it until a ransom is paid to the attacker

Question 19

What are Zombies / Botnets?

Answer 19

Botnets - Network of compromised computers or devices controlled remotely by malicious actors

Zombies - Name of a compromised computer or device that is part of a botnet

Question 20

What are Rootkits?

Answer 20

Designed to gain administrative level control over a given computer system without being detected

Question 21

What is a DLL Injection?

Answer 21

Technique used to run arbitrary code within the address space of another process by forcing it to load a dynamic-link library

Question 22

What is a Dynamic Link Library?

Answer 22

Collection of code and data that can be used by multiple programs simultaneously to allow for code reuse and modularization in software development

Question 23

What is a Shim?

Answer 23

Piece of software code that is placed between two components and that intercepts the calls between those components and can be used to redirect them

Question 24

What is an Easter egg?

Answer 24

A hidden feature or novelty within a program that is typically inserted by the software devs as an inside joke

Question 25

What are Logic Bombs?

Answer 25

Malicious code that’s inserted into a program and will only execute when certain conditions have been met

Question 26

What is a Keylogger?

Answer 26

Piece of software or hardware that records every single keystroke that is made on a computer or mobile device

Question 27

What is Spyware / Bloatware?

Answer 27

Spyware - Malicious software that is designed to gather and send info about a user or organization without their knowledge

Bloatware - Any software that comes pre - installed on a new computer or smartphone that you did not specifically request, want, or need.

Question 28

What is a Malware Exploitation Technique?

Answer 28

Specific method by which malware code penetrates and infects a targeted system

Question 29

Fileless Malware

Answer 29

used to create a process in the system memory without relying on the local file system of the infected host

Question 30

What type of malware is installed when a user clicks on a malicious link or opens a malicious file?

Answer 30

Stage 1: Dropper or Downloader

Question 31

What is a Dropper?

Answer 31

Specific malware type designed to initiate or run other malware forms within a payload on an infected host

Question 32

What is a Downloader?

Answer 32

Malware designed to retrieve additional tools post the initial infection facilitated by a dropper

Question 33

What is a Shellcode?

Answer 33

Encompasses lightweight code meant to execute an exploit on a given target

Question 34

Stage 2: Downloader

Answer 34

Downloads and installs RAT to conduct command and control on the victimized system