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alimentary and urinary > Malnourishment > Flashcards

Malnourishment Flashcards

1
Q

What is malnutrition?

A

State of nutrition where you have too little or too much calories. Low is undernutrition

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2
Q

What is malnutrition?

A

State of nutrition where you have too little or too much calories. Low is undernutrition

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3
Q

What are two main categories of problems leading to malnourishment?

A

Inadequate food intake (poverty and stuff) and disease related (cancer, nausea, etc)

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4
Q

What are the most common consequences of under nutrition?

A

Increased fractures, independence, hospital admission, waisting muscle, confusion

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5
Q

What is the difference between nutrition screening and screening assessment?

A

Screening-fast, simple and practical-not diagnostic, not in depth, everyone is hosptial
Assessment-detailed, complicated

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6
Q

What is an exemples of necessary things in a nutritional screen?

A

MUST tool has 3 scores-BMI, Weight loss and acute disease score
Add for overall score and then split along (0-no risk)W

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7
Q

What are the main things you need to assess nutrition status?

A

Weight. %wieght loss, BMI, other measures (handgrip, skinfold thickness, muscle circumference), diet history-27h to 7 days, biochemistry : albumin and CRP (not great), Creatinine, Cholesterol

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8
Q

What is the definition of nutritional support?

A

Helping get people to get enough food and drink

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9
Q

How is nutritional support achieved?

A

If functional GI-oral diet or enteral supplement

If NO-enteral suppoer and paraenteral

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10
Q

What are the types of oral nutrition?

A

always try with snacks/fortified diets. Ward bases-assistance, swallow assessment, food charts, manage nausea
Supplements-available on prescritption-super drinks

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11
Q

what are the 3 forms of enteric artificial feeding?

A

Naso gastric, nasoduodenum and nasojujenum

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12
Q

When would you use nasogastric?

A

Cancer, swalling issue, oesophageal problems-Mostly for temporaty (less than a month)

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13
Q

when would you use gastroctomy?

A

Long term enteral feeding, neural swalliwong probslems, mechanical impairment> Low morbidity

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14
Q

When would you use jejonsotomy?

A

Long term or upper GI problems-like recovering from GI surgery, cancer, or slow bowels

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15
Q

How do you know how much to feed someone?

A

Weight based equations (eg:20/30Cal/Kg)

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16
Q

What are the complications of enteral feeding?

A

Nausea and vomiting, overeating, tube issue (pain, ulceration, blockage, stuck in wrong place), infection, malabsorption, constipated

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17
Q

what is parenteral nutrition?

A

Using IV-Only given when nothing else is available-and the risk can outweigh the benefits
What are the reason to use parenteral
Prolonged issue, obstructions, acute pancreatitis, inadequate GI, some oncology patients

18
Q

what are the complications of parenteral feeding?

A

tosn-pneumothorax, sepsis, thrombosis, malnutrition, re-feeding syndrome,

19
Q

What is re-feeding syndrome?

A

metabolic disturbance after giving someone nutrition after being malnourished for a while (usually over 5 days)

20
Q

What happens during re-feeding syndrome?

A

The body is using everything to make glucose-but as soon as you feed them, insulin secretion leads to a lot of nutriments being absorbed from the blood-need emergency nutrition

21
Q

What are the consequences of re-feeding?

A

hypocholesteriamia, hypokolceamia (low calcium, potassium, sodium)

22
Q

What are two main categories of problems leading to malnourishment?

A

Inadequate food intake (poverty and stuff) and disease related (cancer, nausea, etc)

23
Q

What are the most common consequences of under nutrition?

A

Increased fractures, independence, hospital admission, waisting muscle, confusion

24
Q

What is the difference between nutrition screening and screening assessment?

A

Screening-fast, simple and practical-not diagnostic, not in depth, everyone is hosptial
Assessment-detailed, complicated

25
Q

What is an exemples of necessary things in a nutritional screen?

A

MUST tool has 3 scores-BMI, Weight loss and acute disease score
Add for overall score and then split along (0-no risk)W

26
Q

What are the main things you need to assess nutrition status?

A

Weight. %wieght loss, BMI, other measures (handgrip, skinfold thickness, muscle circumference), diet history-27h to 7 days, biochemistry : albumin and CRP (not great), Creatinine, Cholesterol

27
Q

What is the definition of nutritional support?

A

Helping get people to get enough food and drink

28
Q

How is nutritional support achieved?

A

If functional GI-oral diet or enteral supplement

If NO-enteral suppoer and paraenteral

29
Q

What are the types of oral nutrition?

A

always try with snacks/fortified diets. Ward bases-assistance, swallow assessment, food charts, manage nausea
Supplements-available on prescritption-super drinks

30
Q

what are the 3 forms of enteric artificial feeding?

A

Naso gastric, nasoduodenum and nasojujenum

31
Q

When would you use nasogastric?

A

Cancer, swalling issue, oesophageal problems-Mostly for temporaty (less than a month)

32
Q

when would you use gastroctomy?

A

Long term enteral feeding, neural swalliwong probslems, mechanical impairment> Low morbidity

33
Q

When would you use jejonsotomy?

A

Long term or upper GI problems-like recovering from GI surgery, cancer, or slow bowels

34
Q

How do you know how much to feed someone?

A

Weight based equations (eg:20/30Cal/Kg)

35
Q

What are the complications of enteral feeding?

A

Nausea and vomiting, overeating, tube issue (pain, ulceration, blockage, stuck in wrong place), infection, malabsorption, constipated

36
Q

what is parenteral nutrition?

A

Using IV-Only given when nothing else is available-and the risk can outweigh the benefits
What are the reason to use parenteral
Prolonged issue, obstructions, acute pancreatitis, inadequate GI, some oncology patients

37
Q

what are the complications of parenteral feeding?

A

tosn-pneumothorax, sepsis, thrombosis, malnutrition, re-feeding syndrome,

38
Q

What is re-feeding syndrome?

A

metabolic disturbance after giving someone nutrition after being malnourished for a while (usually over 5 days)

39
Q

What happens during re-feeding syndrome?

A

The body is using everything to make glucose-but as soon as you feed them, insulin secretion leads to a lot of nutriments being absorbed from the blood-need emergency nutrition

40
Q

What are the consequences of re-feeding?

A

hypocholesteriamia, hypokolceamia (low calcium, potassium, sodium)

alimentary and urinary (21 decks)

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