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MALIT - Laboratory #4: Anatomy Flashcards > MALIT - Laboratory #4: Anatomy Flashcards > Flashcards

MALIT - Laboratory #4: Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

acts as a physical protective barrier against thermal, mechanical, and physical injury and toxic substances

A

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

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1
Q

Protects and supports body organs, and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement

A

SKELETAL SYSTEM

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2
Q

It gives the body its structure, promotes mobility, produces blood cells, protects organs, and stores minerals.

A

MUSCLE SYSTEM

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3
Q

What system sends signals that are transmitted between the brain and the rest of the body, including internal organs. controls the ability to move, breathe, see, and think, and etc.?

A

NERVOUS SYSTEM

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4
Q

What system is made up of all the body’s numerous hormones, regulates all biological processes in the body from conception through adulthood and into old age, including brain and nervous system development, reproductive system growth and function, metabolism, and blood sugar levels.

A

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

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5
Q

Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc.

A

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

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6
Q

this system maintains body fluid equilibrium and protects the body from illnesses.

A

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/IMMUNITY

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7
Q

Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

A

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

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8
Q

Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells

A

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

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9
Q

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body

A

URINARY SYSTEM

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10
Q

a series of wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract

A

Peristalsis

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11
Q

The set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions

A

Catabolism

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12
Q

breaking down or losing overall mass, both fat and muscle

A

Catabolic State

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13
Q

The set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units, these reactions require energy, known also as an endergonic process

A

Anabolism

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14
Q

a self-regulating process that allows a biological organism to retain internal stability while adapting to changing environmental conditions

A

HOMEOSTASIS

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15
Q

sensory neurons that carry nerve impulses from sensory stimuli towards the central nervous system and brain

A

Afferent pathway

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16
Q

motor neurons that carry neural impulses away from the central nervous system and towards muscles to cause movement

A

Efferent pathway

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17
Q

An inability of the body to restore a functional, stable internal environment

A

HOMEOSTATIC IMBALANCE

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18
Q

A structure above another

A

SUPERIOR

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19
Q

Toward the front of the body

A

ANTERIOR

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20
Q

Toward the back

A

DORSAL

21
Q

Farther from a point of attachment

A

DISTAL

22
Q

Toward or on the surface

A

SUPERFICIAL

23
Q

Away from the midline of the body

A

LATERAL

24
Q

A structure below another

A

INFERIOR

25
Q

Most abundant and important inorganic compound in living material

A

WATER

26
Q

also called proton DONORS

A

ACIDS

27
Q

also called proton ACCEPTORS

A

BASES

28
Q

Monomers are joined by removal of OH from one monomer and removal of H from the other at the side of bond formation

A

DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS

29
Q

double sugar, two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis (sucrose, lactose, maltose)

A

DISACCHARIDES

30
Q

selectively permeable barrier

A

Plasma Membrane

31
Q

intracellular fluid packed with organelles

A

Cytoplasm

32
Q

organelle that controls cellular activities

A

NUCLEUS

33
Q

Substances contributing to body mass that are found outside of the cells

A

EXTRACELLULAR MATERIALS

34
Q

Phospholipid bilayer with protein molecules plugged in as a fluid mosaic

A

PLASMA MEMBRANE

35
Q

forms the fabric of the membrane (phospholipid + cholesterol)

A

Membrane Lipids

36
Q

allows the membrane to communicate with its environment, responsible for specialized membrane function

A

Membrane Proteins

37
Q

includes glycoproteins and glycolipids. Glycocalyx (carbohydrate rich area) provides identity molecules for specific biologicals markers

A

Membrane Carbohydrates

38
Q

proteins containing glycans attached to amino acid side chains

A

GLYCOPROTEINS

39
Q

carbohydrate-attached lipids, which are associated with cell membranes

A

GLYCOLIPIDS

40
Q

allow neighboring cells to adhere and to communicate, inhibit or aid in allowing movement of molecules between cells

A

CELL JUNCTIONS

41
Q

diffuse directly through the lipid bilayer (usually small nonpolar molecules that readily dissolve in lipids)

A

SIMPLE DIFFUSION

42
Q

diffusion of a solvent through a membrane

A

OSMOSIS

43
Q

either through a) binding to carrier proteins or 2) through water filled channel proteins

A

FACILITATED DIFFUSION

44
Q

Refers to the ability of a solution to change the shape of cells by altering the cells; internal water volume

A

TONICITY

45
Q

have the same concentrations of nonpenetrating solutes as those found in the cells, retain shape, exhibit no net loss or gain of water

A

ISOTONIC

46
Q

higher concentration of nonpenetrating solutes than seen in the cell, lose water, shrivel or crenate

A

HYPERTONIC

47
Q

more dilute than cells, cells plump up or lyse

A

HYPOTONIC

48
Q

Requires transport proteins that combine specifically and reversibly with the transported substances

A

ACTIVE TRANSPORT

49
Q

Also termed as voltage, electrical potential energy resulting from the separation of oppositely charged particles

A

MEMBRANE POTENTIAL

MALIT - Laboratory #4: Anatomy Flashcards (1 decks)

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