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PATHOLOGY | MALE REPRO > MALE REPRO | GOLJAN > Flashcards

MALE REPRO | GOLJAN Flashcards

1
Q

cause of congenital megaloureter?

A

Hirschsprung disease

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2
Q

smooth cysts in the ureter lumen?

A

ureteritis cystica

predispose to bladder adenocarcinoma

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3
Q

ureteritis cystica predisposes too?

A

adenocarcinoma

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4
Q

MC complication of retroperitoneal fibrosis?

A

hydronephrosis

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5
Q

MC cancer of ureter?

A

transitional cell carcinoma (TCC)

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6
Q

exstrophy of bladder associated w?

A

epispadias and bladder adenocarcinoma

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7
Q

MCC of bladder adenocarcinoma?

A

urachal cyst remnants

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8
Q

Bowen disease HPV?

A

16

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9
Q

CIS of penis

A
  1. Bowen disease
  2. Erythroplasia of Queyrat
  3. Bowenoid papulosis
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10
Q

CIS of penis

multiple reddish brown papules

A

Bowenoid papulosis

*only one with no predisposition to SCC

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11
Q

CIS of penis

leukoplakia on shaft of penis

A

Bowen disease

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12
Q

CIS of penis

erythroplakia on mucosal surface of glans

A

Queyrat

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13
Q

MC cancer of penis

A

SCC

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14
Q

SCC penis HPV

A

16,18

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15
Q

epididymitis >35 years old

A

E.coli

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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16
Q

absent cremasteric reflex

A

torsion of the testicle

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17
Q

which organism mainly affects the testis?

A

syphillis

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18
Q

MC paratesticular tumor

A

adenomatoid tumor

pole of the epididymis

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19
Q

types of testicular tumors

A

germ cell

sex cord-stromal

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20
Q

bulky tumor- no hemorrhage or necrosis

A

seminoma

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21
Q

bulky tumor- with hemorrhage and necrosis

A

embryonal carcinoma

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22
Q

tumor- hCG

A

choriocarcinoma

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23
Q

tumor- AFP

A

yolk sac

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24
Q

teratocarcinoma

A

teratoma + embryonal carcinoma

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25
Q

what are the testicular tumors(germ cell)

A
  1. seminoma
  2. spermatocytic seminoma
  3. embryonal carcinoma
  4. yolk sac
  5. choriocarcinoma
  6. teratoma
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26
Q

what are the testicular tumors(sex cord)

A
  1. leydig cell
  2. sertoli cell
  3. malignant lymphoma
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27
Q

what do patients w/ Leydig tumors present w?

A

adults-gynecomastia

kids-precocious puberty

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28
Q

key histological feature of leydig cells tumors?

A

intracytoplasmic reinke crystals

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29
Q

major causes of priapism

A

venous thrombosis of corpora cavernosa

sickle cell disease

30
Q

seminoma-age group

A

mid 30s

31
Q

which testicular tumor resembles placenta tissue?

A

choriocarcinoma

32
Q

seminoma-serum marker

A

hCG

33
Q

embryonal carcinoma-serum marker

A

hCG or AFP

34
Q

purulent urethral discharge

gram stains fails to reveal any organisms

A

chlamydia trachomatis

35
Q

35 year old
painless enlargement of testes
increased serum hCG

A

seminoma

36
Q

serum marker of osteoblast activity seen w prostatic adenocarcinoma metastasis

A

alkaline phosphatase

37
Q

causes of retroperitoneal fibrosis

A
  1. idiopathic
  2. ergot alkaloids associated with MIGRAINES
  3. other sclerosing conditions ( sclerosing cholangitis, reidel thyroidits
  4. retroperitoneal malignant lymphoma
38
Q

what is the median umbilical ligament

A

fibrous urachus connecting the bladder to the umbilicus

39
Q

what occurs if lumen of urachus remains open?

A

urine from bladder gets drained by umbilicus

40
Q

how to differentiate SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM egg for SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI egg

A

HAEMATOBIUM has terminal spine

MANSONI has lateral spine

41
Q

what drug produces hemorrhagic cystitis
treated w?

what organism can cause it?

A

cyclophosphamide
MESNA

adenovirus*

42
Q

MCC of sepsis/UTI in hospital

A

indwelling catheter

43
Q

tx for schistosoma haematobium

A

praziquantel

44
Q

MC uropathogen

A

e. coli

45
Q

tx for e.coli cystitis

A

double strength TMP-SMX

46
Q

neutrophils in urine + NO culture growth

A

C. trachomatis
renal TB
acute tubulointerstitial nephritis

47
Q

purpose of nitrites in urine

A

bacteria in urine change nitrates to nitrites

IF + then bacterial infections

48
Q

purpose of leukocyte esterase in urine

A

indicates presence of WBC

49
Q

what is seen in urinalysis of sterile pyuria

A

+ neutrophils
+ leukocyte esterase
- nitrites
- culture

50
Q

chronic e.coli infection of bladder leads to

A

malacoplakia

51
Q

defective phagosomes that cannot degrade bacterial products

A

Michaelis-Gutmann bodies

52
Q

what is seen in MALACOPLAKIA

A

many yellow, raised mucosal plaques

Michaelis Gutmann bodies

53
Q

MC bladder cancer

A

TCC

54
Q

SCC of bladder

A

S. haematobium

55
Q

TCC causes

A

MC- smoking cigs
cyclophosphamide
nitrosamines ( beer )
arsenic

56
Q

how are helminth eggs killed?

A

type 2 HSR involving eosinophils

57
Q

infections of urethra

A

venereal - C. trachomatis + N. gonorrhoeae

non-venereal - E. coli

58
Q

C. trachomatis can cause what syndrome

A

Reiter syndrome

  1. conjunctivitis
  2. urethritis
  3. HLA_B27 arthritis
59
Q

pathogenesis of hypospadias

A

faulty closure of urethral folds

60
Q

pathogenesis of epispadias

A

defect in genital tubercle

61
Q

MC GU disorder in male children

A

cryptorchidism

62
Q
  • causes of EPIDIDYMITIS*
A

E.coli + P.aeruginosa >35 y/o
C.trachomatis + N.gonorrhea <35 y/o
TB**

63
Q

clinical features of EPIDIDYMITIS

A

unilateral scrotal pain and extends into spermatic cord

swelling + tenderness

64
Q

elevation of scrotum decreases pain AKA

A

prehn sign

65
Q

tx for epididymitis

A

35 ciprofloxacin extended release

66
Q

MCC of left sided scrotal enlargement

A

varicocele

67
Q

pathogenesis of varicocele

A

left spermatic vein drains into left renal vein

due to BLOCKAGE

68
Q

where does right spermatic vein drain into

A

IVC

69
Q

cause of right sided varicocele

A

retroperitoneal fibrosis + IVC thrombosis

70
Q

MCC of scrotal enlargement in children

A

hydrocele

71
Q

clinical features of TORSION of testicle

A

absent cremasteric reflex*

sudden onset of testicular pain

72
Q

nonspecific cancer enzyme

A

lactate dehydrogenase

PATHOLOGY | MALE REPRO (1 decks)

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