Male Repro Flashcards

1
Q

What are 2 functions of the testes

A

Spermatogenesis (sperm)
Steroidogenesis (androgens)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the 4 structures of the duct system

A

Epididymis
Ductus deferens
Ejaculatory ducts
Urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the accessory sex glands

A

Seminal vesicles
Prostate
Bulbourethral glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

5 layers of the scrotum

A
  • Skin (Has rugae, but no adipose tissue)
  • Dartos muscle
  • External spermatic fascia
  • Cremasteric muscle and fascia (skeletal muscle/involuntary)
  • Internal spermatic fascia (extends from deep inguinal ring)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Scrotal cavity is split into 2 halves, separated by a ___________. Each half contains a _____, ______, and _________.

A

Scrotal cavity is split into 2 halves, separated by a scrotal septum. Each half contains a testis, epididymis, and lower part of spermatic cord.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Scrotum is ____ degrees lower than core body temperature

A

2-3 degrees C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is function of the pampiniform plexus

A

Pampiniform of blood vessels: countercurrent heat exchanger between arterial and venous blood. Cools the testes.

If veins become engorged, can become a varicocele.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

2 sets of muscles that help regulate the temperature of the testes

A
  • Cremaster muscle
  • Dartos muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Innervation of the testes

A

PNS derived from L1 and S3

SNS: Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Embryology of testes

A

Develop near the kidneys (retroperitoneal). Descend into scrotum through inguinal canal during latter half of 7th month of development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the tunica vaginalis

A

Serous membrane that surrounds teste. Derived from abdominal peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the tunica albuginea

A
  • Under tunica vaginalis
  • Extends inward, forming septa
  • Divides testes into lobules
  • Each lobule contains 1-3 seminiferous tubules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What occurs in the seminiferous tubules

A
  • Site of sperm production (spermatogenesis)
  • 400 meters of tubules in each teste
  • Contains spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In between the seminiferous tubules are:

A
  • Leydig cells ( ~200 million; secrete androgens, testosterone)
  • Blood/lymph vessels
  • Nerves
  • Fibroblasts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sertoli cells functions

A
  • Structural support for germinal cells
  • Form blood-testes barrier
  • Nourish spermatocytes
  • Phagocytose damaged cells/debris
  • Control movement and release of sperm into lumen
  • Secrete fluid for sperm transport
  • Secrete hormones (MIS, Inhibits, E2, ABP)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sertoli cells hormones

A
  • Mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS) (Regression of female Mullerian duct, facilitates decent of testes)
  • Inhibins (inhibit FSH)
  • Estrogens (E2) (Inhibit FSH)
  • Androgen-binding protein (ABP) (maintains high local concentrations of androgens, stimulates spermatogenesis)
17
Q

Leydig cells location

A

Found in spaces between seminiferous tubules (interstitial cells)

18
Q

Leydig cell secretions

A

Secrete androgens (testosterone, DHEA, ASD) in response to LH

19
Q

Describe spermatogenesis

A
  • Production of mature male gametes (spermatozoa)
  • 200 million sperm produced/day
  • Sperm cycle is 65-75 days
20
Q

What are spermatogonia

A
  • Sperm stem cells
  • Develop from primordial germ cells
  • Form from embryonic yolk sac
  • Serve as a reservoir for sperm development
  • Become active at puberty