Male Repro 1 Pharm

Question 1

Androgens

Answer 1

Testosterone, Testosterone enanthate (testosterone ester), Methyltestosterone (17a-alkylated androgen)

Question 2

Drugs to reduce androgen activity

Answer 2

Flutamide (receptor inhibitor), and Finasteride (5 alpha reductase inhibitors)

Question 3

Gonadotropin-related Drugs

Answer 3

Leuprolide (GnRH agonists), Degarelix (GnRH antagonists), Follicle stimulating hormone, Human menopausal gonadotropin, Luteinizing hormone, Human chorionic gonadotropin

Question 4

Drugs for erectile dysfunction

Answer 4

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (sildenafil and tadalafil), Prostaglandin E1 analog (alprostadil)

Question 5

Testosterone contraindications

Answer 5

pregnant women, women who may become pregnant, male pts with carcinoma of prostate or breast, renal or cardiac disease predisposed to edema

Question 6

anabolic steroid abuse effects

Answer 6

acne, aggressive behavior, gynecomastia, erythrocytosis, Increased LDL and decreased HDL, reduced testicle size, reduced sperm production

Question 7

Leuprolide

Answer 7

GnRH receptor agonist. Increases LH and FSH. Continuous = desensitization of GnRH receptors which inhibits LH and FSH. Pulsatile binds to receptors in anterior pituitary and increases secretion of LH and FSH.

Question 8

Continuous Leuprolide administration

Answer 8

used to supress GnRH production. Prostate CA, central precocious puberty, block endogenous puberty, endometriosis, uterine fibroids

Question 9

Degarelix

Answer 9

GnRH receptor antagonist. inhibit secretion of LH and FSH. used in advanced prostate cancer

Question 10

Flutamide

Answer 10

competitive antagonist at androgen receptor. used for prostate cancer

Question 11

Finasteride

Answer 11

competitive inhibitor of type 2 5 alpha reductase, androgenetic alopecia (male pattern hair loss), benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 12

Physio of erection

Answer 12

Nitric oxide activates guanylate cyclase to generate cGMP leading to sequestration of calcium and smooth muscle relaxation. PDE5 (phosphodiesterase type 5) inhibitors act to inhibit PDE5. PDE5 normally turns cGMP to 5-GMP. More cGMP means more relaxation of smooth muscles

Question 13

Sildenafil and Tadalafil

Answer 13

increase cGMP by inhibiting PDE5. used for ED, can cause headache/flushing/blue tint to vision. with nitroglycerin vasodilation is amplified so watch out

Question 14

Alprostadil

Answer 14

intracavernosal injection or intraurethral suppository. Prostaglandin E1 analog. causes vasoldilation. when injected in penis allows blood to flow to corpora cavernosa