Male Hypogonadism Flashcards
decrease in sperm and/or testosterone production
male hypogonadism
what level of serum testosterone indicates hypogonadism in a male that is younger than 40?
less than 250
what level of serum testosterone indicates hypogonadism in a male that is older than 60?
less than 150
insufficient testosterone or sperm secretion, but normal/elevated FSH/LH levels indicate what pathology?
testes = hypergonadotropic (primary hypogonadism)
insufficient gonadotropin (FSH and LH) secretion resulting in low sperm/testosterone indicates what pathology?
pituitary/hypothalamus = hypogonadotropic (secondary hypogonadism)
failure in testicular secretion of testosterone by leydig cells, leading to elevated LH, and associated with failure of sertoli cells leading to elevated FSH
hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (primary)
what are some causes of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (primary)? (3)
viral infection
radiation/chemo
autoimmunity
the failure to enter puberty by age 14 is caused by what?
hypogonadotropic (secondary) hypogonadism
what are 3 causes of acquired hypogonadotropic (secondary) hypogonadism?
normal aging
pituitary/hypothalamic tumors
cushings
how would a pre-puberty male patient with hypogonadism present? (5)
appear younger
small genitalia
difficulty gaining muscle mass
lack of beard/hair
lack of deepening voice
how would an adult male patient with hypogonadism present? (5)
decreased libido
depressed mood
decreased muscle mass and hair
gynecomastia
infertility
what 2 symptoms are more likely to occur in primary hypogonadism?
gynecomastia
infertility
what lab should be done as a diagnostic for hypogonadism?
low fasting serum total testosterone between 8-10am on at least 2 occasions
what should be measured if testosterone is below normal on two occasions?
LH to determine primary vs secondary hypogonadism
when should a semen analysis be done in a patient with possible hypogonadism?
if pursuing fertility or known infertility
