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Paige: Repro > Male GU > Flashcards

Male GU Flashcards

1
Q

what’s it called when an uncirc. male can’t retract the foreskin to the corona of the glans

like a head stuck in a turtle neck

A

phimosis

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2
Q

what’s it called when there is tight forskin around the head of the penis

like you can’t get the turtle’s head back in

A

paraphimosis

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3
Q

how do you treat phimosis and paraphimosis?

A

circumsize

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4
Q

what is balantitis?

A

infx of the head of the penis

MC fungal

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5
Q

how do you treat balantitis?

A

OTC antifungals like monistat

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6
Q

what type of cancer is penile cancer?

A

squamous cell

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7
Q

what disease feels like a bag of worms on the testicles?

A

varicocele

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8
Q

what disease feels like there’s water in the testicle?

A

hydrocele

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9
Q

what is the disease where the urethral meatus is not at the tip of the penis?

A

hypospadias

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10
Q

what 4 things can cause urinary obstruction?

A
  1. BPH
  2. other structure
  3. weak detrusor muscle
  4. self-catheterization (or is this tx? idk)
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11
Q

what is the only male GU emergency?

A

testicular torsion

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12
Q

what is impotence/ED defined as?

A

a man can’t get erect, can’t ejaculate, or both

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13
Q

what is the treatment if impotence/ED is psychogenic?

A

SSRIs

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14
Q

name 5 organic causes of impotence/ED

A
  1. hormonal
  2. drugs
  3. neuro
  4. vascular disease
  5. penile disease
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15
Q

penile disase??? what penile disease causes impotence???

A

peyronies disease

(rigid scarring of the penis that causes a crooked and painful erection)

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16
Q

what lab value do you always get for impotence?

A

testosterone

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17
Q

what lab values do you order if testosterone is low?

A

prolactin and LH

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18
Q

what causes hypogonadism?

A

low testosterone

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19
Q

is testosterone absorbed well PO?

A

nope

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20
Q

how do you administer testosterone to get a good effect?

A

Depo IM injection

topical cream ($$$)

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21
Q

how often do you recheck testosterone levels?

A

q 2-3 months

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22
Q

what 4 broad categories of treatment are there for ED?

A
  1. PDE-5 inhibitors
  2. Prostaglandin E1
  3. Vacuum device
  4. Therapy
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23
Q

how is prostaglandin E1 administered?

A

penile injection

(as you can imagine there is poor long-term adherence)

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24
Q

what are the 5 categories of UTIs in men?

A

a) cystitis
b) urethritis
c) epididymitis
d) prostatitis
e) pyelonephritis

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25
what bacteria MC causes cystitis?
E. Coli
26
what bacteria MC causes urethritis?
normal flora or chlamydia
27
what is non-infectious urethritis called?
Reiter syndrome
28
what age group gets epididymitis?
younger men
29
what bacteria MC causes epididymitis?
chlamydia | (if older, think E. Coli)
30
how does epididymitis present?
unilateral pain at the top of the testicle with sudden onset
31
what age group gets acute prostatitis?
young men
32
what bacteria MC causes acute prostatitis?
E. Coli
33
what causes chronic prostatitis?
recurrent infx or inflammation
34
how do you get a bacterial culture for prostatitis?
do a prostate massage to get sample
35
what lab test gives you the type of bacteria in infectious diseases?
gram stain and culture
36
what are the sx of prostatitis?
fever/chills prostate tenderness dysuria + urinary frequency low back pain
37
what do you call male GU pain with no infx present?
prostatodynia
38
what drugs work well to treat GU infx?
bactrim FQs like cipro nitrofurantoin (and doxy wasn't on this list but was mentioned a lot)
39
how do you treat an overactive bladder?
anticholinergics
40
what age group gets testic cancer?
20-40
41
what are risk factors for testic cancer?
undescended testicle ("cryptorchidism") white frequent UTIs or kidney stones uncirc. multiple partners
42
what will you feel on PE with testic cancer?
painless lump on testicle
43
what are the 2 testic cancer tumor markers?
hcg afp
44
where does testic cancer METS to?
lungs
45
what are the 2 types of testic cancer tumors and which is less aggressive?
a) seminoma tumor (less aggressive) b) non-seminomatous tumor
46
how do you treat testic cancer?
surg removal (orchiopexy) chemo
47
if an older gentleman is having hesitancy, dribbling, frequency of urination, and nocturia, what should you be thinking?
BPH
48
how many men get BPH by age 80
90%
49
how do you decide whether to treat BPH?
only if sx are present!!!
50
what are the medication options for BPH?
alpha1 adrenergic blockers (selective or non-selective) 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors combo product phytotherapy like saw palmetto
51
what are the 5 surgeries for BPH?
TURP TUMT TUNA TULIP HoLAP
52
which surgery involves microwave removal of the gland?
TUMP
53
which surgery involves heat removal of the gland?
TUNA
54
which 2 therapies involve laser treatment?
TULIP HoLAP
55
what is the 2nd-3rd MC cause of cancer death in men?
prostate cancer
56
what is the lifetime risk of a man getting prostate cancer just because he is alive?
16%
57
what is a major factor in the development of prostate cancer?
genes
58
what type of cancer is prostate cancer?
adenocarcinoma
59
what are the sx of prostate cancer?
asx until it METS
60
what scale is used as a prognostic factor for prostate cancer?
Gleason's scoring (scale of 1-5)
61
what part of the prostate does cancer usu. begin on?
posterior part
62
how do you dx prostate cancer?
bx +/- US
63
what is PSA?
prostate specific antigen elevated in many cases, but very non-specific
64
where does prostate cancer spread?
lymph bone
65
what are the 4 treatment options for prostate cancer?
**surgery** (radical prostatectomy) **robot** prostatectomy **radiation** (not curative) **HT** (not curative)

Paige: Repro (9 decks)

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