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male/female health > male exam 1 > Flashcards

male exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

which section of the anal canal is sensitive to pain and innervated by somatic sensory nerves?

A

lower half

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2
Q

which section of the anal canal is under autonomic control and relatively insensitive?

A

upper half

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3
Q

what portion of the prostate is accessible during DRE?

A

posterior surface

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4
Q

what is made of smooth muscle and under involuntary autonomic control?

A

internal sphincter

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5
Q

what is made of striated muscle and under voluntary control?

A

external sphincter

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6
Q

the urge to defecate is caused by stimulation of?

A

internal sphincter

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7
Q

actual defecation is controlled by?

A

external sphincter

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8
Q

what is the nerve supply to the lower half of anal canal?

A

somatic sensory nerves

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9
Q

where is the prostate located?

A

base of the bladder surrounding the urethra

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10
Q

what percent of men over 70 have BPH?

A

70-90%

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11
Q

consistency of prostate with BPH?

A

boggy, squishy, smooth

SHOULD BE NONTENDER

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12
Q

why is BPH a problem?

A

acute urinary retention may occur causing recurrent infections

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13
Q

incomplete bladder emptying leads to?

A

urinary stasis

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14
Q

what is the 2nd leading cancer death in males over 65?

A

prostate cancer

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15
Q

how many men will have prostate cancer?

A

1 in 6

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16
Q

most common type of prostatic carcinoma?

A

adenocarcinoma

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17
Q

cancer from the prostate is responsible for what amount of metastasis?

A

60% of all skeletal metastasis

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18
Q

what are the risk factors for prostate cancer?

A

over 50
african american
diet high in animal fat

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19
Q

what are other causes of hard nodules on the prostate besides cancer?

A

prostatic calculi
prostatic TB
prostate granulomata

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20
Q

what are normal PSA levels?

A

less than 4 ng/ml

4-10 borderline
over 10 high

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21
Q

symptoms of acute prostatitis?

A

high fever, flu like, perineal, prostate and LBP
urinary obstruction
dysuria, nocturia, hematuria
arthralgia and myalgia

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22
Q

what are DRE results of acute prostatitis?

A

enlarged and warm and VERY painful

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23
Q

what develops as a complication of acute prostatitis, urethritis and epididymitis?

A

prostate abscess

24
Q

what is the MC cancer in young men?

A

testicular

25
Q

fluid filled scrotum

A

hydrocele

26
Q

congenital defect, urethral opening on DORSUM of penis

A

epispadius

27
Q

urethral opening on VENTRAL surface of penis

A

hypospadius

28
Q

inflammation of glans and prepuce

A

balanoposthitis

29
Q

swelling of glans

A

balantitis

30
Q

tight foreskin will not retract over glans

A

phimosis

31
Q

prolonged painful erection

A

priapism

HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES- sickle cell or leukemia

32
Q

describe torsion of testis on spermatic cord

A

babies to teens
pain
nausea, vomit
surgical emergency

33
Q

describe epididymitis

A

bacterial infection
teens to adults
gradual onset of pain, fever
nodular epididymus

34
Q

what is a sebaceous material secreted by glans penis and epithelium

A

smegma

35
Q

testicular tumors are usually

A

malignant

36
Q

what can HPV cause in men?

A

penile cancer

37
Q

what causes a painless erosion at or near coronal sulcus; mucus plug before AM urination?

A

chlamydia

38
Q

what causes watery or purulent discharge from penis?

A

gonorrhea

39
Q

testicular cancer is 5x more common in?

A

caucasian males

40
Q

what increases testicular cancer risk?

A

cryptorchidism or elevated testicular temp for long period of time

41
Q

what is the common age range for testicular cancer?

A

20-35

42
Q

highest city prevalence of HIV

A

washington DC

43
Q

common clinical concerns of AIDS patients

A

MI
osteoporosis
lipodystrophy, lipoatrophy

44
Q

what is 100x easier to catch than HIV because it can live outside the body for several days?

A

Hep B

45
Q

low testosterone is associated with?

A

declining cognition

46
Q

what is the 2nd leading cause of cancer death in US?

A

colon cancer

47
Q

hypogonadism of andropause causes?

A

decreased: cognition, libido, coronary vasodilation, hemoglobin
obesity, heart disease and osteoporosis

48
Q

low vit D and calcium in diet is risk factor for?

A

colon cancer

49
Q

when should you get a colonoscopy?

A

over 50 unless risk factors

every 5-10 after that

50
Q

colorectal cancer screening could save how many lives per year?

A

18,800

51
Q

what is the 3rd most common type of cancer and 2nd most common cause of cancer death?

A

colorectal cancer

52
Q

what population is at greatest risk of colorectal cancer?

A

AA and alaska natives

53
Q

what is the number assigned to prostate cancer severity?

A

gleason score

54
Q

gleason score good and bad?

A

big is bad
1= good
5= bad

55
Q

what is the worst case scenario for gleason score?

A

gleason 10= both areas given score of 5

56
Q

what is the term for radioactive seeds planted in prostate?

A

brachytherapy

male/female health (1 decks)

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