Male Common Conditions Flashcards
Hernias
Hydrocele
Penile enlargement (w/o testicular enlargement)
Epispadius (may need to be repaired)
children concerns
Balanitis Lesions on penis, glans, etc (STDs) Irregular testicular, vas deferens or epididymus texture Penile discharge Priapism
Adults/Older Adults
Foreskin can not be fully retracted over glans
Phimosis
Inability to replace foreskin after retracted
Paraphimosis
Congenital defect. Urethral meatus is located on the dorsum of the penis
Epispadius
Congenital defect: embryological development of the urethra, 8-20 weeks gestation. Urethral meatus is located on the ventral surface of the penis
Hypospadius
Fibrous band in the corpus cavernosum. Interferes with expansion during erection
Peyronie Disease
Prolonged, often painful erection. Sickle cell Leukemia
priapism
inflammation of the glans
balanitis
Balanitis involving the foreskin and prepuce
balanoposthitis
Painless lesion that fails to heal. May present as: Reddened area, Papule or pustule, Warty growth, Shallow erosion, Deep ulceration
penile CA
Irregular, non-tender, fixed mass in thetestis. Does not transilluminate
Testicular Cancer
testicular CA arise from germ cells (sperm-producing cells)
semimomas/nonseminomas
arise from supportive and hormone producing tissue
non germ cell tumors (testicular CA)
Failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum
cryptorchidism
Hypogonadism, small scrotum
Diminished pubic, axillary, and facial hair. Gynecomastia. Tall stature, long legs, short trunk. Differences in physical, language, and social development
klinefelter syndrome (xxy)
Fluid accumulation in the scrotum
common in infancy
hydrocele
Benign cystic accumulation of sperm occuring on the epididymis
spermatocele
Tortuosity and dilation of veins within the spermatic cord
varicocele
Acute inflammation of the testis secondary to infection
orchitis
Inflammation of the epididymus
epididymitis
Twisting of testis on spermatic cord; surgical emergecy
testicular torsion
Soft swelling or bulge in inguinal area. May have pain on straining
hernia
Bulge in area of Hesselback triangle. Easily reduced. Hernia bulges anteriorly, pushes against side of finger on examination
direct hernia
Soft swelling in area of internal ring; Hernia comes down canal and touches fingertip on examination. Large hernia may be present in scrotum
indirect hernia
Usually a congenital anomaly though most are first diagnosed in young adults. Loose hairs penetrate the skin (sacrococcygeal region). Local inflammatory reaction causes cyst to form. Excessive pressure or repetitive trauma
Pilonidal cysts
HPV infection. Patients may be unaware. Single or multiple papular lesions. May be pearly, filiform, fungating (ulcerating and necrotic) cauliflower, or plaquelike
Anal Warts (Condyloma Acuminata)
Anal cancers are skin cancers MC squamous cell carcinomas Associated with HPV 15% adenocarcinomas Basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma
Anal Carcinoma
> 50 years of age Infection with HPV Multiple sexual partners Having receptive anal intercourse Frequent anal redness, swelling, soreness Anal fistulas Smoking Immunosuppression
anal CA risk factors
infection of the soft tissues surrounding the anal canal, with formation of a discrete abscess cavity. Tender swollen fluctuant mass in the superficial subcutaneous tissue (adjacent to the anus)
Perianal abscess
infection of the mucus-secreting anal glands. Abcess forms in the deeper tissues. Tender mass
Indurated, fluctuant, or draining
perirectal abscess
Inflammatory tract, from the anus or rectum and opens onto the surface of the perianal skin
Caused by drainage of a perianal/perirectal abscess
Anal Fistula
Adults: fungal infection
Children: parasites
Anal burning, itching
May interfere with sleep
Excoriation, thickening, and pigmentation of anal and perianal tissue may be noted upon examination
Pruritus Ani
