Male

Question 1

Direct testicular damage may cause spermatozoa to leak outside blood testes barrier. What response is likely if this happens?

Answer 1

Granulomatous inflammation - macrophages and multinucleated giant cells adjacent to spermatozoa. Fibrous tissue capsule formation

Question 2

What is cryptochidism?

Answer 2

Incomplete descent of the testis, usually unilaterally. 13% of male dogs, there is a genetic predisposition. Retained testicle often atrophied.

Question 3

What is a common sequelae of segmental aplasia of the mesonephric duct derivatives?

Answer 3

Spermatozoa become impacted due to blind ended sac -> rupture -> spermatic granulomas

Question 4

What are some causes of testicular hypoplasia?

Answer 4

• Cryptorchidism and sexual ambiguity
• poor nutrition
• zinc deficiency
• genetic disorders

Question 5

What are some causes of testicular atrophy?

Answer 5

• chemicals
• infection
• nutritional deficiencies
• heat

Question 6

What is the difference between hypoplasia and atrophy of the testes?

Answer 6

Hypoplasia - number and/or length of seminiferous tubules are reduced. Can see blood vessels
Atrophy - degeneration of seminiferous tubules. Thickened capsule, can’t see blood vessels.

Question 7

Via what route do rams often get epididymis infections with brucella ovis?

Answer 7

Haematogenous route

Question 8

What does haemotogenous spread of brucella abortus cause in bulls?

Answer 8

Primary Orchitis

Question 9

What is the most common testicular germ cell neoplasm?`

Answer 9

Seminoma, prevelent in cryptorchid testicle

Question 10

What is the most common testicular neoplasm in the dog, cat and bull?

Answer 10

Interstitial (Leydig) Cell tumours

Question 11

What distinguishes Seritoli Cell tumours from other testicular neoplasms?

Answer 11

Lots of fibrous tissue, white, firm and lobulated.

1/3 of these tumours produce a feminisation effect

Question 12

What is a varicocele?

Answer 12

A dilation of the spermatic vein in the pampiniform plexus, which may become thrombosed and/or lead to infertility. Often due to injury/infection

Question 13

What disease can neutrophils be seen in semen and causes a reduced ability of the semen to survive freezing?

Answer 13

Seminal vesiculitis/ Seminal adenitis

Question 14

What causes prostatic hyperplasia? What are its consequences?

Answer 14

Hormone related cause, is age and testosterone dependent. May cause constipation, urethral obstruction and secondary prostatitis

Question 15

What would assist you in differentiating a prostatic carcinoma from prostatic hyperplasia grossly?

Answer 15

Casrcinomas are usually asymmetrical