Malaria - Unit 1 Flashcards
What type of mosquito spreads malaria?
female anopheles mosquito
What is a proboscis?
Mosquito mouth
What is the malaria parasite called?
plasmodium
Describe the distribution of malaria.
Inbetween the tropic of cancer (30degrees north) EQUATOR
and the tropic of capricorn
(30degrees south) EQUATOR
Prominent here because it has the required temperature for anopheles mosquitoes (16-40c)
Identify and explain the human causes of malaria.
- Settlement - Lots of people to spread and catch malaria
- Stagnant water - Eg bowls for breeding grounds
- Bare skin - let’s mosquito in
- Migration - people are unprepared without suitable coverage and bed nets
- Lack of drugs - can be too expensive, leaves people dying and infecting other mosquitos
Identify the physical causes of malaria.
- Vector - an infectious bug
- Hot and wet climate - allows mosquitos to thrive and breed
- 15-40c - required for mosquito to live
- Shade - in nearby vegetation needed to hide from sun to digest food
- Stagnant water - breeding grounds
Why is malaria more common among LEDCS
Less availability of drugs
Less healthcare
Bed nets can be multiused and broken.
Poor housing let’s them in
Lack of preventative care
Describe symptoms and impacts of malaria.
Infected female anopheles infects human through proboscis. Saliva used to clot blood to drink freely. Plasmodium is spread to bloodstream. Flow to liver. Multiplies inside the river. Replications kill red blood cells and releases toxins. Body is alerted and begins to fight parasite (this causes symptoms) Illness stops work and lack of care can cause death.
Explain the impacts of malaria on development
SOCIAL
Less money spent on other nessecities
Malnutrition due to lack of food
ECONOMIC Income money spend on drugs Government money spend on combatting so less on other things Less tourist revenue Less investments in the area
Explain strategies used to tackle malaria.
- DDT - insecticide- harmful
- Bed nets - cheap - misused
- Genetic engineering- expensive
- Draining breeding sites
- Flushing breeding sites
- Eucalyptus trees to soak stagnant water
- BTI coconuts- bacteria which kills larvae
- Fish to padi fields - eat larvae
- Vacvination - RTS
- Drugs - medicine - expensive
- Education programmes
Identify social and economic benefits of controlling malaria
More work force
More tourist revenue
More government money to be spent of infrastructure
Less money spent by families on drug’s
