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LAST PHARM TEST EVER > Malaria Drugs > Flashcards

Malaria Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Most common and widely distributed malaria strain

A

P. Vivax

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2
Q

Strain that causes most fatal and severe dz

A

P. Falciparum

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3
Q

Which stage allows vivax and ovale to reside in liver?

A

Hypnozoite stage

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4
Q

Where do drugs mostly act?

A

Digestive vacuole

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5
Q

Which drugs act at the hypnozoite stage?

A

Primaquine

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6
Q

Which dugs act at the hepatic shizont stage?

A

Primaquine

Atovaquone-proguanil

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7
Q

Drugs that act at the gametocyte stage?

A

All of them (except doxy/clindamycin)

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8
Q

Drugs that act at Shizont level?

A 
ACT
Chloroquine
Quinine
Doxycycline
Clindamycin
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9
Q

Artemisinins

A

MOA: blood stages, asexual of vivax, free radical production
Increasing failure as monotherapy
AE: dec in RBC/neutrophils, transient heart block
No kids < 5kg or first trimester

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10
Q

Artemether-Lumefantrine

A

MOA: blood stages
AE: drug drug with HIV, contra in cardiac dz/arrhythmia
Take w/ fatty food, retake if vomit within 30 min

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11
Q

Which drug is first line for chloroquine resistant falciparum?

A

Artemether-lumefantrine

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12
Q

Chloroquine

MOA/AE

A

MOA: interferes with heme digestion
AE: narrow TI, visual disturbance, pruritis in Africans, discoloration of nail beds, parenteral dose can be fatal CV/CNS

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13
Q

Chloroquine

Contra/intxn

A

Contra: epilepsy/MG, liver dz, GI, neuro, blood d/o
Intxns: ca/mg antacids delay absorption, inhibits CYP2D6 (dec yellow fever vaccine)

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14
Q

Quinine

A

MOA: interferes w/ heme digestion
AE: cinchonism, hypersensitivity -> black water fever
Contra: tinnitus, optic neuritis, Al/Mg antacids delay absorption, will increase warfarin and digoxin levels

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15
Q

What is cinochism

A

Tinnitus, deafness, visual, HA, N/V, dizziness, postural hypotension

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16
Q

What is black water fever?

A

Hypersensitivity resulting in severe hemolysis, hemoglobinemia

17
Q

Quinine combination therapies

A

W/ doxycycline or clindamycin
Decrease duration and toxicity
Slow acting blood schizonitcides
Inhibition protein translation

18
Q

Primaquine

A

Only agent that can eradicate live stages of vivax/ovale
MOA: primary and latent hepatic stages
Screen for G6PD
Contra in preg (baby doesn’t have G6PD)

19
Q

Atovaquone

A

MOA: inhibits parasite mitochondrial ETC
AE: no preg, rifampin/tetracycline dec levels
resistance: Cyt b mutations inhibit drug binding

20
Q

Proguanil

A

MOA: inhibits DHF which enhances atovaquone

21
Q

Drugs for prevention in travelers

A

Chloroquine where falciparum is sensitive

Atovaquone-proguanil: where resistant

22
Q

Pregnant malaria tx

A

Chloroquine (sensitive falciparum)
Quinine + clindamycin
Mefloquine

LAST PHARM TEST EVER (7 decks)

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