Malaria

Question 1

Malaria cause 1

Answer 1

There must be a temperature between 15 and 40 degrees and a humidity of at least 60 percent

Question 2

Cause no 2

Answer 2

The female anopheles mosquito must be present to spread the disease. The mosquito carries the plasmodium parasite

Question 3

Cause no 3

Answer 3

Areas of vegetation to provide shade so the mosquitos can digest their blood meals

Question 4

Cause no 4

Answer 4

Stagnant water must be available so that the anopheles mosquitos can lay their larvae

Question 5

Cause no 5

Answer 5

Large population to provide blood reservoirs

Question 6

Cause no 6

Answer 6

Exposed skin so that the mosquitos can bite people in their sleep

Question 7

Strategy 1

Answer 7

Spraying insecticide on walls of homes can help to kill the anopheles mosquito ( e.g DDT)

This was effective at first however the mosquitos became resistant to this and other insecticides are often too expensive for dev countries

Question 8

Strategy 2

Answer 8

Putting larvae eating fish such as the muddy loach into stagnant waters can help reduce the disease as the fish eat the mosquito larvae

This is an added advantage to the farmers who can eat the fish and add extra protein to their diet. Farmers are unable to use chemical fertilisers with the muddy loach

Question 9

Strategy 3

Answer 9

Breeding genetically modified, sterile male mosquitos causes the species to die out
Other gm mosquitos are unable to carry the parasite
These are dominant and would out compete the other mosquitos

Question 10

Strategy 4

Answer 10

Flushing reservoirs and draining stagnant ponds or swamps every 7 days takes longer than this period of time for the larvae to develop into adult mosquitos

Draining stagnant ponds is impossible in tropical climates where it may heavily rain.

Question 11

Strategy 5

Answer 11

BTI bacteria artificaially grown in coconuts.the fermented coconuts are broken open and thrown into larvae infested stagnant waters. The larvae eat the bacteria and has their stomach lining destroyed

The bti coconuts are a cheap and environmentally friendly solution. However it can be seen as wasteful as this needs to be pursued every 45 days

Question 12

Strategy 6

Answer 12

Planting eucalyptus trees can soak up the moisture and draw stagnant waters out of breeding grounds

In some areas they have become invasive species and have driven out native plants