making salts & identification

Question 1

what colour flame does lithium burn with

Answer 1

red

Question 2

what colour flame does sodium burn with

Answer 2

yellow

Question 3

what colour flame does potassium burn with

Answer 3

lilac

Question 4

what colour flame does calcium burn with

Answer 4

orange-red

Question 5

what colour flame does copper burn with

Answer 5

blue-green

Question 6

what happens when you add NaOH to Copper(II)

Answer 6

blue ppt. forms

Question 7

what happens when you add NaOH to Iron(II)

Answer 7

sludgy green ppt. forms

Question 8

what happens when you add NaOH to Iron(III)

Answer 8

reddish brown ppt. forms

Question 9

what does adding an acid to a carbonate give you

Answer 9

carbon dioxide + water

Question 10

what do you use to test for carbon dioxide

Answer 10

limewater

Question 11

what do you use to test for sulfates

Answer 11

HCl and barium chloride

Question 12

what do you get when you add barium ions and sulfate ions together

Answer 12

barium sulfate

Question 13

a chloride ion gives what colour ppt. of silver chloride

Answer 13

white

Question 14

a bromide ion gives what colour ppt. of silver bromide

Answer 14

cream

Question 15

a iodide ion gives what colour ppt. of silver iodide

Answer 15

yellow

Question 16

what is used to test for halide ions

Answer 16

nitric acid and silver nitrate

Question 17

what are 2 methods that can be used to make soluble salts

Answer 17

excess solid method and titrations

Question 18

describe the process of the excess solid method to make a soluble salt

Answer 18

-heat acid in a water bath
-add base to acid
-filter off excess solid
-heat solution gently
-leave to cool and allow salt to crystallise in warm oven

Question 19

describe the process of a titration to make a soluble salt

Answer 19

-use pipette to acid acid to conical flask
-add a few drops of phenolphthalein
-add alkali slowly to acid using burette
-add until end point, and goes from pink to colourless
-then do it again with no indicator
-the solution that remains contains salt and water only
slowly evaporate water off gently and leave to crystallise in warm oven