making salts & identification Flashcards
what colour flame does lithium burn with
red
what colour flame does sodium burn with
yellow
what colour flame does potassium burn with
lilac
what colour flame does calcium burn with
orange-red
what colour flame does copper burn with
blue-green
what happens when you add NaOH to Copper(II)
blue ppt. forms
what happens when you add NaOH to Iron(II)
sludgy green ppt. forms
what happens when you add NaOH to Iron(III)
reddish brown ppt. forms
what does adding an acid to a carbonate give you
carbon dioxide + water
what do you use to test for carbon dioxide
limewater
what do you use to test for sulfates
HCl and barium chloride
what do you get when you add barium ions and sulfate ions together
barium sulfate
a chloride ion gives what colour ppt. of silver chloride
white
a bromide ion gives what colour ppt. of silver bromide
cream
a iodide ion gives what colour ppt. of silver iodide
yellow
what is used to test for halide ions
nitric acid and silver nitrate
what are 2 methods that can be used to make soluble salts
excess solid method and titrations
describe the process of the excess solid method to make a soluble salt
-heat acid in a water bath
-add base to acid
-filter off excess solid
-heat solution gently
-leave to cool and allow salt to crystallise in warm oven
describe the process of a titration to make a soluble salt
-use pipette to acid acid to conical flask
-add a few drops of phenolphthalein
-add alkali slowly to acid using burette
-add until end point, and goes from pink to colourless
-then do it again with no indicator
-the solution that remains contains salt and water only
slowly evaporate water off gently and leave to crystallise in warm oven
