Making crude oil useful Flashcards
Atoms are bonded together by…
Intermolecular forces
Hydrocarbons contain only…
Only Hydrogen and carbon atoms
What is stronger covalent or intermolecular
Covalent
When liquids are boiled intermolecular forces are broken and covalent remains
The bond between atoms within a molecule is a…
Covalent bond
Cracking converts…
Long chain hydrocarbons into smaller useful alkane and alkene molecules
Where is the fractional column hottest
The bottom
What is needed for cracking
A catalyst and high temperature
Are there long or short hydrocarbons at top of column
is the boiling point low or high
Short chain hydrocarbons rise to the top.
They have low boiling points
How is oil released from rock
A hole is drilled into rock
If under pressure, oil will flow out
If not it is pumped
Why are oil slicks devastating
Oil can coat sea birds and prevent them flying or kill them
Can damage beaches ashore, detergents (used to clean up) are also toxic
What is crude oil separated into by fractional distillation
Fractions
As size of hydrocarbon molecules increase, does strength of intermolecular forces increase?
How does this effect boiling points
Yes
They have higher boiling points to break the bonds
What allows hydrocarbons to be split into fractions
Differences in boiling points ( due to chain length/intermolecular bond strength)
What can alkene molecules be used for
Reacted to make polymers
They are used as monomers
Why is cracking needed for production
Petrol is finite and in high demand
There is not enough in crude oil to meet demand
Cracking coverts parts of crude oil into additional petrol
Smaller alkane molecules can be used to make petrol when cracked.
