making amines and carboxylic acids Flashcards
1
Q
how are amines made?
A
through reduction of nitriles and hydroxynitriles
2
Q
state the reagents for the formation of a primary amine from nitriles
A
- Ni catalyst
- H2 gas
3
Q
state the conditions for the formation of a primary amine from nitriles
A
- high temp
- high pressure
4
Q
why is the reducing agent LiAlH4 not used in industry?
A
expensive
5
Q
state the reagents for the formation of a primary amine from hydroxynitriles
A
- LiAlH4
- dilute acid
6
Q
how are carboxylic acids formed?
A
hydrolysis of nitriles / hydroxynitriles
7
Q
state the reagents & conditions for hydrolysis of nitriles to form COOH
A
- dilute HNO3
- reflux
