make about judiciary (civils)

Question 1

What is the primary function of the judiciary in civil matters?

Answer 1

To interpret and apply the law to resolve disputes.

Question 2

True or False: The judiciary is responsible for creating laws.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The judiciary operates independently of the ________ and ________ branches.

Answer 3

executive, legislative

Question 4

What is the highest court in the United States?

Answer 4

The Supreme Court

Question 5

Define ‘jurisdiction’ in the context of civil courts.

Answer 5

The authority of a court to hear and decide cases.

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of civil case? A) Contract disputes B) Personal injury C) Criminal prosecution

Answer 6

C) Criminal prosecution

Question 7

What is the role of a judge in civil cases?

Answer 7

To preside over court proceedings and ensure the law is followed.

Question 8

True or False: Civil cases typically involve a defendant being punished with imprisonment.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

What is a ‘plaintiff’ in a civil case?

Answer 9

The person who brings a lawsuit against another party.

Question 10

Define ‘defendant’ in the context of a civil lawsuit.

Answer 10

The individual or entity being accused or sued.

Question 11

What standard of proof is required in civil cases?

Answer 11

Preponderance of the evidence.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: Civil cases often seek ________ rather than criminal penalties.

Answer 12

monetary damages

Question 13

Multiple Choice: Which of the following can be a remedy in civil cases? A) Incarceration B) Monetary compensation C) Death penalty

Answer 13

B) Monetary compensation

Question 14

What is ‘mediation’ in the context of civil disputes?

Answer 14

A process where a neutral third party facilitates a resolution between disputing parties.

Question 15

True or False: Appeals can only be made in criminal cases.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

What is ‘tort law’?

Answer 16

The area of law that deals with civil wrongs and damages.

Question 17

Define ‘contract law’.

Answer 17

The body of law that governs agreements between individuals and entities.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The party who responds to the plaintiff’s complaint is called the ________.

Answer 18

defendant

Question 19

What is the purpose of a ‘summons’ in a civil case?

Answer 19

To notify the defendant that they are being sued and to provide them with the details of the claim.

Question 20

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common type of civil case? A) Theft B) Breach of contract C) Assault

Answer 20

B) Breach of contract

Question 21

What is ‘discovery’ in the context of civil litigation?

Answer 21

The pre-trial phase where parties exchange information and evidence.

Question 22

True or False: A jury is always present in civil trials.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What is ‘negligence’ in tort law?

Answer 23

The failure to exercise reasonable care, resulting in damage or injury to another party.

Question 24

What is the role of an appellate court?

Answer 24

To review decisions made by lower courts for errors of law.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: A civil lawsuit typically begins with the filing of a ________ by the plaintiff.

Answer 25

complaint

Question 26

Define 'class action lawsuit'.

Answer 26

A legal action filed by one or more individuals on behalf of a larger group with similar claims.

Question 27

What is 'arbitration'?

Answer 27

A method of resolving disputes outside of court, where an arbitrator makes a binding decision.

Question 28

True or False: Civil law systems are based on statutes and codes rather than case law.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is the significance of 'precedent' in civil law?

Answer 29

It establishes a legal standard that guides future cases with similar facts.

Question 30

What does 'pro bono' mean in legal practice?

Answer 30

Legal services provided for free or at a reduced fee.

Question 31

Multiple Choice: Which document outlines the plaintiff's claims against the defendant? A) Answer B) Complaint C) Verdict

Answer 31

B) Complaint

Question 32

What is the purpose of 'punitive damages' in civil cases?

Answer 32

To punish the defendant and deter future wrongful conduct.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: The outcome of a civil case is often referred to as a ________.

Answer 33

verdict

Question 34

What is 'emotional distress' in tort law?

Answer 34

A claim for damages due to severe emotional suffering caused by another's actions.

Question 35

True or False: A settlement is an agreement reached before a trial begins.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Define 'statute of limitations' in civil law.

Answer 36

The time period within which a lawsuit must be filed after a claim arises.

Question 37

What does 'burden of proof' refer to in civil litigation?

Answer 37

The obligation to prove one's claims or defenses in a legal proceeding.

Question 38

Multiple Choice: Which of the following can lead to a dismissal of a civil case? A) Failure to state a claim B) Successful mediation C) Jury verdict

Answer 38

A) Failure to state a claim