Major Word Classes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the identifying properties of a Noun?

A

Morphological Properties

    • Only N’s can take the genitive morpheme (‘s).
    • Any word that has the suffix -ism, -ness, -tion, -ment, -dom, is a N.
    • The plural morpheme only attaches to N’s (but not all N’s take it) *If a word can be plural, it’s a N.

Syntactic Properties:

  • -Most N’s can occur after articles, (a, the, and quantifiers).
    • N’s can modify N’s.
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2
Q

What are the identifying properties of a Verb?

A
Morphological Properties
-- If a word can have -ing it's a V. 
    (studying - study is a V)
-- V's can take tense
Syntactic Properties
--The infinitive to can only occur before a V (to walk)
--V's can follow aux's.
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3
Q

What are the identifying properties of an Adjective?

A

Morphological Properties
–Can occur with the comparative morpheme
(-er, -est)
– Can permit the suffix -ly.
(some nouns can also permit -ly like friendly.)
Syntactic Properties
–Can typically be modified by very.
– Det A N = Det noun (be) Adj.
(most N’s modifying N’s can’t do this).

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4
Q

What are material Nouns classified as? (stone, glass, etc.)

A

Material nouns are classified as nouns. They pass more noun tests than Adj tests.

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5
Q

Define Intensifiers.

A

Intensifiers modify Adj’s (the very type)

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6
Q

Define Manner Adv’s, and what is the ‘test’ for them?

A

Manner Adv’s modify Verbs. Test: In an X manner. (slowly - in a slow manner).

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7
Q

Define Sentence Adv’s. What is the ‘test’ for sentence Adv’s?

A

Sentence Adv’s modify sentences. It is X that. (obvious - it is obvious that).

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8
Q

Define Denominal Adv’s, what is the test for them?

A

Denominal Adv’s modify V’s; they come from N’s. From the perspective of X. (scientifically - from the perspective of science.)

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9
Q

What are the properties of a Proper Noun?

A

Proper N’s don’t occur with articles (the SDSU)
They typically don’t occur with plural (SDSUs)
The meaning is the referent.

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10
Q

What are the properties of a Common Noun?

A

A class of entity instead of the entity itself. Usually occurs with article. Can be plural. Chair, the chair, chairs.

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11
Q

Explain the differences between State Verbs, and Activity Verbs.

A

State Verbs have a meaning of a state. They don’t occur in progressive tense. (they are Xing…)
Activity V’s have a meaning of an activity; they DO occur in progressive. (this is the test to see if it is an activity V or State V.)

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12
Q

Explain the difference between telic and atelic V’s?

A

Telic V’s have a built-in end point. use the word (in). The water evaporated in (for) an hour.
Atelic V’s don’t have a buit-in end point. Use the word (for). Pablo read for (
in) an hour.

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13
Q

Explain the difference between transitive and intransitive verbs.

A

Transitive verbs require a D.O. (built - he built a house.)
Intransitive V’s don’t require a D.O. He laughed.

-Count the number of post-V expressions.

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