Major Endocrine Glands & Some of their Hormones (Chp.9)

Question 1

Name gland and hormone: Involved in biological rhythms (daily & seasonal)

Answer 1

pineal gland [melatonin]

Question 2

Hormones released by the posterior pituitary gland; releasing and inhibiting hormones that regulate the anterior pituitary gland.

Answer 2

hypothalamus

Question 3

Simulates contraction of uterus & the milk “let-down” reflex.

Answer 3

posterior lobe of the pituitary gland [oxytocin]

Question 4

Promotes retention of water by kidneys.

Answer 4

posterior lobe of the pituitary gland [antidiuretic hormone (ADH)]

Question 5

Stimulates growth (especially of bones and muscles) and metabolism.

Answer 5

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland [growth hormone (GH)]

Question 6

Stimulates milk production.

Answer 6

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland [prolactin (PRL)]

Question 7

Stimulates production of ova and sperm.

Answer 7

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland [follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)]

Question 8

Stimulates the ovaries and testes.

Answer 8

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland [luteinizing hormone (LH)]

Question 9

Stimulates the thyroid gland.

Answer 9

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland [thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)]

Question 10

Stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids.

Answer 10

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland [adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)]

Question 11

Stimulates metabolism.

Answer 11

thyroid gland [thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)

Question 12

REDUCES blood calcium level.

Answer 12

thyroid gland [calcitonin]

Question 13

RAISES blood calcium level.

Answer 13

parathyroid gland [parathyroid hormone (PTH)]

Question 14

“Programs” T lymphocytes

Answer 14

thymus [thymosin] peak size at puberty then gets smaller with age

Question 15

Raises blood glucose level; increases rate of metabolism; constricts certain blood vessels.

Answer 15

adrenal glands, aka suprarenal glands

- adrenal medulla [epinephrine & norepinephrine]

Question 16

Increases blood glucose.

Answer 16

adrenal glands, aka suprarenal glands

- adrenal cortex [glucocorticoids]

Question 17

Promotes reabsorption of Na+ and excretion of K+ in kidneys.

Answer 17

adrenal glands, aka suprarenal glands

- adrenal cortex [mineralocorticoids]

Question 18

Androgens and estrogens (related to the gonads)

Answer 18

adrenal glands, aka suprarenal glands

Question 19

Reduces blood glucose.

Answer 19

pancreas [insulin (helps enter the cells)]

Question 20

This endocrine also works with the digestive system.

Answer 20

pancreas

Question 21

Raises blood glucose.

Answer 21

pancreas [glucagon]

Question 22

Support sperm formation; development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics.

Answer 22

gonads

- testes [androgens]

Question 23

Stimulate uterine lining growth; development & maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics.

Answer 23

gonads

- ovaries [estrogens]

Question 24

Promotes growth of uterine lining.

Answer 24

gonads

- ovaries [progesterone]