Major classes of pollutants & factors affecting bioavailability & toxicity of organic pollutants Flashcards
1
Q
PAH’s
A
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
2
Q
PCB’s
A
polychlorinataed biphenyls
3
Q
chlorinated phenols, dioxins & dibenzofurans
A
4
Q
Pesticides
A
organochlorine, organophosphate
5
Q
aromatic herbicides
A
6
Q
POPS
A
persistent organic pollutants
- PCBs, dioxins, DDT
7
Q
inorganic pollutants
A
- metals and metalloids - Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Hg, As, Se
- nonmetallic inorganics - chlorine, ammonia
- inorganic gases - CO2, CO, SO2
8
Q
bioavailability
A
the extent to which a contaminant in a source is free for uptake
9
Q
organo-metallics
A
methyl mercury
10
Q
nutrients
A
NO3, PO4
11
Q
radionuclides
A
uranium
12
Q
what influence bioavailability
A
physio-chemical properties
- lipophilicity, peristent, chlorinated
abiotic environmental factors
- temp, pH
physiology & behaviour of the organism (biotic factors)
exposure pathway
frequency of exposure
13
Q
behaviour of organic lipophilic pollutants
A
- degradation
- volatilization
- leaching
- sequestration - complexation by natural organic matter in soil and will not be bioavailable
- bioaccumulation
14
Q
Kow (octanol water coefficient)
A
- index of lipophilicity
the higher the Kow value, the more lipophilic and less water soluble
