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AICP > Major Acts Batch 2 > Flashcards

Major Acts Batch 2 Flashcards

1
Q

1974 Section 8 Housing

A

Nixon era program, where recipients pay only 30% of income to housing. Main source of housing assistance to low income

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2
Q

1974 Housing and Community Development Act

A

CDBG program established. Replaced categorical grant with flexible, more discretionary money. Consolidation of urban renewal, model cities, and public facilities programs. Requires a housing assistance plan.

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3
Q

1975 Emergency Housing Act

A

Emergency federal relief for under and unemployed homeowners.

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4
Q

1975, Energy Policy Conservation Act

A

Established CAFÉ standards.

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5
Q

1976, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

A

Cradle to grave for hazardous waste, and gave EPA authority to control. Household hazardous waste is exempt.

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6
Q

1976, Toxic Substances Control Act

A

EPA ability to track industrial chemicals produced in, or imported to the U.S. EPA could ban anything high risk.

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7
Q

1977, Urban Development Action Grant

A

Site acquisition and clearance to facilitate economic development, and stressed public-private partnerships

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8
Q

1977, Community Reinvestment Act

A

Anti-discrimination, required bank regulators to evaluate whether lenders were providing finance products to economically depressed areas, meeting their funding needs. Meant to stop redlining.

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9
Q

1978, Urban Park and Recreation Recovery Act

A

$725 million for matching grants to renovate and imporve parks in low-income communities

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10
Q

1980, CERCLA

A

Superfund, taxed polluting industries to create fund for clean up. Required secondary containment for hazardous substances

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11
Q

1981, Farmland Protection Policy Act

A

Prevented federal programs from causing loss of farmland

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12
Q

1981, Land Evaluation and Site Assessment

A

Rating system that allowed local governments to assess farmland as suitable for continued agriculture

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13
Q

1982, Coastal Barrier Resources Act

A

Undeveloped barrier islands are not eligible for federal assistance for development

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14
Q

1984, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

A

EPA to develop comprehensive regulatory program for storing hazardous waste. Owners of tank to prevent, detect and clean up releases

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15
Q

1986, Community Right to Know

A

Required certain industries to report type and amount of toxic substances generated.

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16
Q

1986 Low Income Housing Tax Credit

A

Created by Tax Reform Act of same year, funding for low and moderate income housing construction by non-profits. Sale of tax credits to investors and corporations. Republican alternative to HUD providing construction $

17
Q

1987 Stewart McKinney Act

A

First major legislative response to homelessness. Provided assistance and established the continuum of care concept

18
Q

1988, Robert Strafford Disaster Relief

A

Required 25% state and local match. Emphasized mitigation

19
Q

1988 Fair Housing Act Amendment

A

Expanded scope to cover community residences and group homes, and discrimination on aged and disability (in addition to race and gender). HUD could file complaints, instead of just referring them to DOJ.

20
Q

1990 ADA Act

A

required mass transit to be accesible to those with physical disabilities

21
Q

1990 National Affordable Housing Act

A

Established the home ownership made easy (HOME) program. Matching federal funds to local gov. expenditures for low income housing needs. Requires a comprehensive affordable housing strategy.

22
Q

1990, Clean Air Act amendments

A

after 20 years, created cap and trade for sulfur dioxide, allowed witholding of federal highway funds from metro areas that failed to meet air quality standards. Required SIP (state implementation plan) for areas not meeting the NAAQS

23
Q

1990, Federal Forest Legacy Program

A

federal granst to states to preserve forest land

24
Q

1991, Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act

A

required coordination between state DOTs and metro area MPOs for transportation and land use planning, air quality standards, earmarked funds for scenic byways and bike and pedestrian paths

25
Q

1992 Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight

A

Established in HUD to provide regulatory oversight on Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac

26
Q

1992 HOPE VI program

A

Replace large low quality affordable housing with smaller higher quality mixed income housing. Provided housing vouchers for public housing tenants to seek private options. Reduce de facto segregation

27
Q

1992 Housing and Community Development Act

A

Section 202 expanded affordable housing WITH SERVICES for the elderly.

28
Q

1994 Empowerment Zones

A

Federal funds made available to distressed urban areas, property and sales tax reductions, and low interest financing

29
Q

1994 HUD Multifamily Housing Disposition Rule

A

Disposed of apartment buildings in government possession due to foreclosure

30
Q

1996, Federal Farm and Ranchland Protection Program

A

Federal grants to states, local governments, and land trusts to preserve farm and ranch land

31
Q

1996 Housing Opportunity Extension Act

A

Evicted individuals with drug /alcohol abuse or criminal records from public housing. Funding for habitat for humanity

32
Q

1996, Telecommunications Act

A

First overhaul of telecommunications in 60 years. Increase competition. Telecom companies had pre-emption powers over local regulations, and eminent domain over private property

33
Q

1996, Wetlands Reserve Program

A

voluntary program to get assistance with wetland issues on private land. Financial incentives to restore, enhance, protect wetlands

34
Q

1998, Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century

A

replace intermodal surface transportation efficiency act. Focused on improving safety as traffic increased, economic growth through more efficient and flexible transport systems, transit as alternative to highway construction

35
Q

2000, Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act

A

Prevented land use decisions that would impose substantial burden on religious communities or institutionalized people

36
Q

2000 Manufactured Housing Improvement Act

A

Clinton era policy, established standards for manufactured homes, dispute resolution between manufacturers, installers, retailers for repair of defects.

37
Q

2000, Disaster Mitigation Act

A

Reinforced need to mitigate hazards, and required state and local governments to prepare plans which are reviewed by FEMA. Post disaster plans are NOT guided by federal legislation

38
Q

2002, Growing Smart Legislative Guidebook

A

APA publication, to update standard zoning enabling act and standard city planning enabling act

39
Q

2002, bioterrorism Act

A

National preparedness plan for bioterrorism

AICP (3 decks)

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