Main Topic V: Critical Evaluation of Oral, Local History and Historical Sites

Question 1

What are the components of the National Museum Complex?

Answer 1

a. National Museum of Fine Arts (Old Legislative Building)
b. National Museum of Anthropology (Old Finance Building)
c. National Museum of Natural History (Old Agriculture and Commerce Building)
d. National Planetarium

Question 2

Name a private museum located in Makati.

Answer 2

Ayala Museum

Question 3

Which law led to the creation of the Philippine Registry of Cultural Property and aimed to preserve historic buildings over 50 years old?

Answer 3

National Cultural Heritage Act (Republic Act No. 10066), signed into law on March 25, 2009.

Question 4

Which district was the first to be declared a National Heritage site?

Answer 4

Intramuros district, the former Walled City of Manila.

Question 5

Name a city in Ilocos Sur declared a National Heritage site.

Answer 5

Vigan City

Question 6

What are examples of Spanish colonial churches that are being preserved?

Answer 6

Churches found in towns and cities all over the country.

Question 7

What are examples of monuments found in Manila?

Answer 7

Carriedo Fountain, King Carlos IV Monument, Legazpi-Urdaneta Monument, Queen Isabel II of Spain Monument, Simon de Anda Monument.

Question 8

What are some archaeological sites in the provinces that are open to the public?

Answer 8

Ifugao Rice Terraces, Kabayan Mummy Burial Caves, Neolithic Shell Midden Sites in Lal-lo and Gattaran Municipalities, Paleolithic Archaeological Sites in Cagayan Valley.

Question 9

Where were the bones of the oldest human being in the Philippines, Callao Man, found?

Answer 9

Paleolithic Archaeological Sites in Cagayan Valley.

Question 10

A reconstruction of the two-storey house where the patriot and Filipino painter Juan Luna was born on October 24, 1857.

Answer 10

Juan Luna Shrine

Question 11

When did Juan Luna live?

Answer 11

Juan Luna was born on October 24, 1857.

Question 12

What happened to the original house of Juan Luna, and when did it burn down?

Answer 12

The original house burned down in 1861.

Question 13

How was the Juan Luna Shrine reconstructed?

Answer 13

Ruins that remained in the place served as the basis for the reconstruction of the shrine.

Question 14

Where is the Gregorio Aglipay National Shrine located?

Answer 14

Pinili and Batac, Ilocos Norte.

Question 15

known for founding the Filipino Independent Church, a protestant sect that supported the oppressed people of God.

Answer 15

Gregorio Aglipay

Question 16

Where did Gregorio Aglipay stand in terms of the oppressed people of God?

Answer 16

He stood squarely behind the oppressed people of God when he founded the Filipino Independent Church.

Question 17

When did the history of Paoay Church begin?

Answer 17

The history of Paoay Church began in the 17th century.

Question 18

What is the other name for Paoay Church?

Answer 18

San Agustin Church.

Question 19

When was the cornerstone of Paoay Church laid?

Answer 19

The cornerstone of the church was laid in 1704.

Question 20

When was the construction of the convent of Paoay Church completed?

Answer 20

The construction of the convent was completed in 1707.

Question 21

When was the bell tower of Paoay Church built?

Answer 21

The bell tower was built in 1793.

Question 22

Who founded Paoay Church, and in what year?

Answer 22

Paoay Church was founded by Augustinian missionaries in 1593.

Question 23

Why do historians believe the Paoay church adopted the Baroque style?

Answer 23

The church adopted the Baroque style due to its scars from earthquakes and disasters, making it beautiful and worth-visiting.

Question 24

What was the socio-economic significance of the bell tower during weddings?

Answer 24

The bell tower rang loudly and more often during the weddings of prominent and affluent clans compared to weddings of the underprivileged.

Question 25

Where is Bacarra Church located?

Answer 25

Bacarra Church is located in the municipality of Bacarra, Ilocos Norte, under the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Laoag.

Question 26

Which religious order founded Bacarra Church?

Answer 26

Bacarra Church was founded by the Augustinians.

Question 27

To which saint is Bacarra Church dedicated?

Answer 27

St. Andrew.

Question 28

It is nestled at Pinili and Batac, Ilocos Norte. The shrine was built in memory of Gregorio Aglipay who stood squarely behind the oppressed people of God when he founded his protestant sect known as the Filipino Independent Church.

Answer 28

Gregorio Aglipay National Shrine

Question 29

It is a Roman Catholic church located in the municipality of Bacarra, Ilocos Norte, under the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Laoag.

Answer 29

BACARRA CHURCH

Question 30

It is one of the four baroque churches in the country that was built by the Augustinian friars as a chapel for the town of Narvacan back in 1769.

Answer 30

SANTA MARIA CHURCH

Question 31

___ is declared as a National Shrine, having been the site of the 1899 Battle of Tirad Pass between the 60 men Filipino rear guard commanded by Brigadier General Gregorio del Pilar and more than 500 American soldiers.

Answer 31

TIRAD PASS NATIONAL SHRINE

Question 32

The___ or commonly known as Tumauini Church

Answer 32

San Matias Parish Church

Question 33

It is a Roman Catholic church in the municipality of Tumauini, Isabela, within the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ilagan. It became a separate parish independent from Cabagan under the advocacy of Saint Matthias in 1751.

Answer 33

TUMAUINI CHURCH

Question 34

It was built in 1869 during the incumbency of Spanish governor Manuel Iznart.

Answer 34

CASA REAL DE ILOILO (OLD CASA REAL AND PROVINCIAL CAPITOL)

Question 35

What role did Casa Real de Iloilo play in the late 19th century?

Answer 35

The structure served as the reference point in building constructions and neighborhood developments in Iloilo during the late 19th century.

Question 36

It was created to commemorate and reminisce the infamous "Death March" of the Filipino and American Soldiers imprisoned by the Japanese Occupation Forces of WWII.

Answer 36

CAPAS PRISONERS-OF-WAR MEMORIAL SHRINE

Question 37

In CAPAS PRISONERS-OF-WAR MEMORIAL SHRINE, The surrendered Filipinos and Americans soon were rounded up by the Japanese and forced to march some ___ from Mariveles, on the southern end of the Bataan Peninsula, to San Fernando, Pampanga.

Answer 37

65 miles

Question 38

It is one of the oldest churches in the Philippines, built during the Spanish period.

Answer 38

ABUCAY CHURCH HISTORICAL LANDMARK

Question 39

The construction was headed by Father Geronimo de Belen in the 1600s. The church was established and designed in Spanish architectural style. The management of Abucay was handed over to the Dominicans in 1588.

Answer 39

ABUCAY CHURCH HISTORICAL LANDMARK

Question 40

It was conceived as a fitting memorial to the heroic struggle and sacrifices of the soldiers who fought and died in that historic bastion of freedom.

Answer 40

MT. SAMAT NATIONAL SHRINE

Question 41

The memorial shrine complex was started with the laying of the cornerstone by President Marcos on April 14, 1966.

Answer 41

MT. SAMAT NATIONAL SHRINE

Question 42

The house is very simple and beautiful with full of memories about the president. Inside the house are his personal belongings such as clothes, books, furnitures, appliances, pictures, and medals are well presented and decorated. Guests can also spot an old car placed at the back of the house. The car is said to be in a good running condition.

Answer 42

PRES. RAMON MAGSAYSAY HISTORICAL LANDMARK

Question 43

It was built in 1611. The Church of Baler was the site of the Siege of Baler, the last bastion of the Spanish empire. The church is recognized as a National Historical Landmark and listed in the Philippine Registry of Cultural Property (PRECUP).

Answer 43

CHURCH OF BALER HISTORICAL LANDMARK

Question 44

The town of Taal was founded by ___ friars in 1572.

Answer 44

Augustinian

Question 45

In 1575, the town transferred later to the edge of ___ lake, now Taal Lake in 1575.

Answer 45

Domingo

Question 46

In 1754, Taal Volcano erupted endangering the town of Taal which stood at present day San Nicolas. Taal is often dubbed as the “Vigan of he South” because of its cobblestone streets and beautiful ancestral homes.

Answer 46

TAAL HISTORICAL LANDMARK

Question 47

It is a site honoring the Philippines' first prime minister, with a shrine, museum & reproduction home.

Answer 47

APOLINARIO MABINI SHRINE

Question 48

It honors General Miguel Malvar (1865-1911), the last Philippine general to surrender to the Americans at the close of the Filipino-American War. Inside the museum are newspaper clippings, a diorama, and oil paintings of Malvar's battles.

Answer 48

MIGUEL MALVAR HISTORICAL LANDMARK

Question 49

It was one of the houses built by Don Norberto Calao Katigbak, a gobernadorcillo, from 1862 to 1863.

Answer 49

CASA DE SEGUNDA ( LUZ-KATIGBAK HOUSE )

Question 50

It was built by Jose Garcia and designed by Guillermo Brockman and construction was finished in 1896. Its architecture was Victorian inspired, with tower, pavilion and service buildings, were incorporated to accommodate the lights as well as the caretakers who would operate the lighthouse.

Answer 50

FARO DE PUNTA DE MALABRIGO LIGHTHOUSE

Question 51

It is a reproduction of the original two-storey, Spanish-Colonial style house in Calamba, Laguna where José Rizal was born on June 19, 1861.

Answer 51

RIZAL SHRINE IN CALAMBA

Question 52

It is commonly known as Calamba Church.

Answer 52

ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST PARISH CHURCH

Question 53

It is the oldest Roman Catholic church in Calamba, Laguna under the Roman Catholic Diocese of San Pablo.

Answer 53

ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST PARISH CHURCH

Question 54

It is located adjacent to Rizal Shrine and is known as the christening site of José Rizal.

Answer 54

ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST PARISH CHURCH

Question 55

It is a 19th-century barracks located within the headquarters of the Special Action Force (SAF) of the Philippine National Police in Santa Rosa City, Laguna.

Answer 55

CUARTEL DE SANTO DOMINGO

Question 56

It was built in the 1870s as an outpost for the guardia civil.

Answer 56

CUARTEL DE SANTO DOMINGO

Question 57

It now houses the relics of national artist Vicente Manansala. It also features some of his well-preserved original paintings and paraphernalia.

Answer 57

VICENTE MANANSALA HISTORICAL LANDMARK

Question 58

It is located in the plaza in front of the municipal hall of Hamtic, Antique.

Answer 58

GENERAL LEANDRO FULLON NATIONAL SHRINE

Question 59

___ was a revolutionary commander during the revolution against the Spanish colonial rule in the island of Panay.

Answer 59

Leandro Locsin Fullon

Question 60

The original structure of Santa Monica Church in Panay, Capiz was built in 1774 by __

Answer 60

Fr. Miguel Murguia.

Question 61

It was heavily damaged by a typhoon that struck the province last January 17, 1875. The church was rebuilt in 1884 under the supervision of Fray Jose Beloso, OSA. The church stands until today.

Answer 61

SANTA MONICA CHURCH

Question 62

It is a historical house-turned museum of a notable resident featuring his collections & furnishings.

Answer 62

ROSENDO MEJICA HISTORICAL LANDMARK

Question 63

The Archdiocesan Shrine of Our Lady of Guidance, also known as ___ is a shrine located in the district of Ermita in the city of Manila.

Answer 63

Ermita Shrine or Ermita Church

Question 64

The church is a home to the Marian image of the Immaculate Concepcion known as Nuestra Señora de Guía, which is considered to be the oldest in the Philippines, and in whose honor the church is officially named after and dedicated to.

Answer 64

ERMITA CHAPEL HISTORICAL LANDMARK

Question 65

The ___ (or otherwise known as the Nelly's Gardens) is a national heritage house built in 1928 located at Jaro, Iloilo by an Ilonggo statesman Don Vicente Lopez and his wife, Doña Elena Hofileña.

Answer 65

Lopez Heritage House or Mansion de Lopez

Question 66

The Lopez Heritage House or Mansion de Lopez was named after the couple's eldest daughter, ___

Answer 66

Nelly Lopez y Hofileña.

Question 67

This mansion was once hosted many opulent gatherings and celebrations of decades past. Now, it has its share of stories and secrets.

Answer 67

CARLOS ARCEO LEDESMA HERITAGE HOUSE

Question 68

It is popularly known as the house used in filming some parts of the 1980’s movie “Oro Plata Mata.”

Answer 68

JOSE BENEDICTO GAMBOA HERITAGE HOUSE

Question 69

The___ is a two storey structure with the lower floor made of stone and wood at the second floor. Like the other heritage houses in Silay, it also has huge windows, spacious living room, high ceiling and several old furnitures.

Answer 69

JOSE BENEDICTO GAMBOA HERITAGE HOUSE

Question 70

___ is the oldest Roman Catholic church established in the Philippines.

Answer 70

Basilica Minore Del Sto. Nino/CHURCH AND CONVENT OF SANTO NIÑO

Question 71

It was built on the same spot where the image of the Sto. Nino de Cebu, a statue depicting the Child Jesus, was found in 1565 by Spanish explorers led by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi.

Answer 71

Basilica Minore Del Sto. Nino/CHURCH AND CONVENT OF SANTO NIÑO

Question 72

It is a National Shrine located in Barangay Talisay. It is exactly on the same spot where Rizal built his home in exile which lasted four years. From July 17, 1892 to July 31, 1896. It features replicas of the house which were rebuilt on their original sites. They are made of bamboo and nipa to resemble the original structures.

Answer 72

THE RIZAL SHRINE

Question 73

It has an estimated land area of 1 hectare and it is laid out in the tradition rectilinear Spanish colonial manner. The plaza already existed when Dr. Jose Rizal arrived in Dapitan on July 17, 1892.

Answer 73

DAPITAN CITY PLAZA

Question 74

It is considered as one of the oldest settlements in Northern Mindanao. Dapitan was founded as a mission by the Jesuits in 1629.

Answer 74

OLD TOWN OF DAPITAN

Question 75

It was built in 1893 of stone masonry as part of the series of military fortification in Mindanao by the Spanish colonial government. It was occupied by the Japanese Imperial Army and recovered by the American forces in their advancement to liberate Eastern Mindanao during the World War II. The National Historical Commission of the Philippines had declared ___ as a National Historical Landmark in March 2012.

Answer 75

FORT PIKIT

Question 76

It is dedicated to the lifework of José Rizal.

Answer 76

RIZAL SHRINE

Question 77

It is located on Santa Clara Street, Fort Santiago, Intramuros, Manila. Fort Santiago served as barracks for Spanish artillery soldiers during Spain's colonization of the islands.

Answer 77

RIZAL SHRINE

Question 78

It was completed in 1607. It is the oldest stone church in the country.

Answer 78

SAN AGUSTIN CHURCH AND CONVENT

Question 79

___ was one of four Philippine churches constructed during the Spanish colonial period to be designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1993, under the collective title Baroque Churches of the Philippines.

Answer 79

San Agustin Church and Convent

Question 80

It is an umbrella government organization that oversees a number of national museums in the Philippines including ethnographic, anthropological, archaeological, and visual arts collections.

Answer 80

NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES (OLD LEGISLATIVE BUILDING)

Question 81

It is formally known as the O'Brien-Lichauco Heritage House is one of the oldest surviving houses in Santa Ana, Manila.

Answer 81

LICHAUCO HERITAGE HOUSE

Question 82

It is a portion of the district of Santa Ana, Manila, Philippines, that was declared a heritage zone in 2014 by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP). A larger portion of the district was previously declared a histo-cultural heritage/overlay zone by the city government of Manila in 2011.

Answer 82

SANTA ANA HERITAGE ZONE

Question 83

On which Philippine peso bills did the Aguinaldo Shrine appear?

Answer 83

The house was featured on the two-peso and five-peso bills.

Question 84

What was the original arrangement regarding the balcony of the Aguinaldo Shrine in 1898?

Answer 84

Originally, there was no balcony in 1898. The Philippine flag was waved from a window in a living room. The balcony was added in 1919.

Question 85

What annual event in Cebu features the image of Santo Niño as its centerpiece?

Answer 85

The Sinulog Festival, Cebu's largest annual event, features the image of Santo Niño as its centerpiece.

Question 86

What was the original plan for the construction material of Basilica de Santo Niño, and why was it changed?

Answer 86

The church was supposed to be made of bricks, but the humid weather of Cebu was not suitable for a brick church.