Main Theories Flashcards
give 3 main functionalist theorists and their main theories
Durkheim ; social facts, anomie,
Parsons ; organic analogy, education as a go oak socialising agent
Mertons ; latent and manifest functions
what is meant by collective conscience
people are taught moral codes to limit desires so we can suitably perform role to help society
describe social solidarity
when people work together in a society and follow the same norms
describe consensus theory
everyone agrees on the same values
describe macro theory
a large scale theory
describe manifest and latent functions
-MF = benefits that come from a deliberate and conscious action eg schools = education
-LF benefits that come from an unconscious action eg schools = friends and relationships
describe the marxist theory
the bourgeoisie maintain control over the proletariat through social institutions / ISA which promote false class consciousness so the w/c don’t realise they are being exploited and work manual labour for the rich; one day they will realise and there will be a revolution
describe the marxist view of the structure of capitalism
the base = relations / means of production —> supports the superstructure
superstructure = ISA/ social institutions —> maintains and legitimises their base
give 3 main marxists and their theories
Marx —> FCC
Althusser —> ISA
Gramsci —> hegemony
what is Weber’s theory
actions occur in four social actions:
traditional (custom or habit eg buying christmas gifts)
affective (influenced by emotional state eg crying)
value rational (led by overriding ideal or value eg praying)
instrumental rational (people calculate likely results of behaviour based in goal eg taking a school course)
describe Cooleys theory
- the I and the Me
-Me is the looking glass self, we see ourselves from others perspectives
-the I may want tk break the law but the Me knows not to due to social rules
describe Beckers theory
-everything has a label ; for people this leads to self fulfilling prophecy
-main label is master status eg criminal
give 4 main interactionist theorists
Cooley
Becker
Mead
Weber
describe the post modernist view
society is constantly changing and becoming fragmented
media saturation and mass consumerism and globalism influences culture
pick n mix identities
what is Baudrillards theory
signs and symbols have meanings of their own
there is a rise of individualism
simulacrum = images are illusions of reality eg media personalities
