Main tenets of Direct Realism

Question 1

Two elements in perception

Answer 1

• The perceiver and the object perceived.
• No third thing mediating between the person and object.
• Rejects the idea of ‘sense-data’.

Question 2

Do we immediately perceive physical objects?

Answer 2

Yes, there is no mediation.

We are directly aware of the objects themselves.

Question 3

What does it mean if a physical object is mind independent?

Answer 3

It’s a realist view - objects exist outside of the mind.

If you cease to perceive an object, it doesn’t cease to exist.

Question 4

Is it only the objects that are mind independent?

Answer 4

No, the properties of these objects are also mind-independent.

Question 5

Do objects retain their properties when unperceived?

Answer 5

Yes, if a tree falls over when there’s no one there, it still makes a sound.

Question 6

What are some advantages of it?

Answer 6

1. It’s in tune with common sense. Russell argues we should accept the common-sense opinions and beliefs we are inclined to by instinct.
2. Avoids scepticism: we know about the world because our senses provide immediate access to its nature.
3. Has explanatory power. If i’m directly aware of physical reality, i can execute physical actions on a daily.
4. Explains why i perceive what i do. I have no control over what i perceive.
5. Explains why we agree about what we perceive with others.